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Lebrun LJ, Moreira S, Tavernier A, Niot I. Postprandial consequences of lipid absorption in the onset of obesity: Role of intestinal CD36. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schmidt JM, Kjølbæk L, Jensen KJ, Rouy E, Bertram HC, Larsen T, Raben A, Astrup A, Hammershøj M. Influence of type of dairy matrix micro- and macrostructure on in vitro lipid digestion. Food Funct 2021; 11:4960-4972. [PMID: 32500911 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00785d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent research indicates that the food matrix can influence digestion kinetics and uptake of nutrients, thus affecting human health. The aim of this study was to obtain knowledge on how variations in microstructure and texture of foods represented by four dairy products; (i) cheddar cheese, (ii) a homogenized cheddar cheese, (iii) a micellar casein and cream drink or (iv) a micellar casein and cream gel, all of identical nutrient ratios of protein : fat and calcium : fat, affect the in vitro digestibility kinetics of lipids. Rheology of the four dairy structures was measured at 10 °C and 37 °C before digestion, and during the gastric phase of in vitro digestion. During digestion cheddar cheese was most resistant to enzymatic and mechanical disintegration, followed by homogenized cheese, while both the drink and gel had low resistance and dissolved in the gastric juice. Particle size, fat droplet size and microstructure were assessed by light scattering and confocal microscopy during digestion. Significantly larger fat droplets were observed during digestion of the cheddar cheese sample. The release of free fatty acids during the initial intestinal digestion showed cheddar cheese to provide a significantly lower release than homogenized cheese, whereas the drink and gel both had significantly higher free fatty acid release. The results suggest that the cheese matrix resistance to degradation and its large fat droplets were responsible for a slower fat digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Schmidt
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - L Kjølbæk
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - K J Jensen
- Arla Innovation Center, Agro Food Park 19, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - E Rouy
- Arla Innovation Center, Agro Food Park 19, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - H C Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - T Larsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers alle 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - A Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - A Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - M Hammershøj
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
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Buttet M, Poirier H, Traynard V, Gaire K, Tran TTT, Sundaresan S, Besnard P, Abumrad NA, Niot I. Deregulated Lipid Sensing by Intestinal CD36 in Diet-Induced Hyperinsulinemic Obese Mouse Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145626. [PMID: 26727015 PMCID: PMC4703141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) greatly increases risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes and is generally associated with abnormally elevated postprandial triglyceride levels. We evaluated intestinal synthesis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) in a mouse model of the MetS obtained by feeding a palm oil-rich high fat diet (HFD). By contrast to control mice, MetS mice secreted two populations of TRL. If the smaller size population represented 44% of total particles in the beginning of intestinal lipid absorption in MetS mice, it accounted for only 17% after 4 h due to the secretion of larger size TRL. The MetS mice displayed accentuated postprandial hypertriglyceridemia up to 3 h due to a defective TRL clearance. These alterations reflected a delay in lipid induction of genes for key proteins of TRL formation (MTP, L-FABP) and blood clearance (ApoC2). These abnormalities associated with blunted lipid sensing by CD36, which is normally required to optimize jejunal formation of large TRL. In MetS mice CD36 was not downregulated by lipid in contrast to control mice. Treatment of controls with the proteosomal inhibitor MG132, which prevented CD36 downregulation, resulted in blunted lipid-induction of MTP, L-FABP and ApoC2 gene expression, as in MetS mice. Absence of CD36 sensing was due to the hyperinsulinemia in MetS mice. Acute insulin treatment of controls before lipid administration abolished CD36 downregulation, lipid-induction of TRL genes and reduced postprandial triglycerides (TG), while streptozotocin-treatment of MetS mice restored lipid-induced CD36 degradation and TG secretion. In vitro, insulin treatment abolished CD36-mediated up-regulation of MTP in Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, HFD treatment impairs TRL formation in early stage of lipid absorption via insulin-mediated inhibition of CD36 lipid sensing. This impairment results in production of smaller TRL that are cleared slowly from the circulation, which might contribute to the reported association of CD36 variants with MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Buttet
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/AgroSup Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Poirier
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/AgroSup Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Véronique Traynard
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/AgroSup Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Kévin Gaire
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/AgroSup Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Thi Thu Trang Tran
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/AgroSup Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Sinju Sundaresan
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States of America
| | - Philippe Besnard
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/AgroSup Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Nada A. Abumrad
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, and Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States of America
| | - Isabelle Niot
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR U866 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/AgroSup Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
High levels of fasting circulating triglycerides (TG) represent an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In western countries, however, people spend most time in postprandial conditions, with continuous fluctuation of lipemia due to increased levels of TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), including chylomicrons (CM), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), and their remnants. Several factors contribute to postprandial lipid metabolism, including dietary, physiological, pathological and genetic factors. The presence of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity is associated with higher postprandial TG levels compared with healthy conditions; this association is present also in subjects with normal fasting TG levels. Increasing evidence indicates that impaired metabolism of postprandial lipoproteins contributes to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease, suggesting that lifestyle modifications as well as pharmacological approaches aimed at reducing postprandial TG levels might help to decrease the cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pirillo
- Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis , Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo , Italy
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