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Senthil Raja D, Tsai DH. Recent advances in continuous flow synthesis of metal-organic frameworks and their composites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8497-8515. [PMID: 38962908 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02088j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their composites have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their exceptional properties and diverse applications across various fields. The conventional batch synthesis methods for MOFs and their composites often suffer from challenges such as long reaction times, poor reproducibility, and limited scalability. Continuous flow synthesis has emerged as a promising alternative for overcoming these limitations. In this short review, we discuss the recent advancements, challenges, and future perspectives of continuous flow synthesis in the context of MOFs and their composites. The review delves into a brief overview of the fundamental principles of flow synthesis, highlighting its advantages over batch methods. Key benefits, including precise control over reaction parameters, improved scalability and efficiency, rapid optimization capabilities, enhanced reaction kinetics and mass transfer, and increased safety and environmental sustainability, are addressed. Additionally, the versatility and flexibility of flow synthesis techniques are discussed. The article then explores various flow synthesis methods applicable to MOF and MOF composite production. The techniques covered include continuous flow solvothermal synthesis, mechanochemical synthesis, microwave and ultrasound-assisted flow synthesis, microfluidic droplet synthesis, and aerosol synthesis. Notably, the combination of flow chemistry and aerosol synthesis with real-time characterization is also addressed. Furthermore, the impact of flow synthesis on the properties and performance of MOFs is explored. Finally, the review discusses current challenges and future perspectives in the field of continuous flow MOF synthesis, paving the way for further development and broader application of this promising technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraisamy Senthil Raja
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 300044 Hsinchu City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - De-Hao Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 300044 Hsinchu City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Verma R, Dhingra G, Singh G, Singh J, Dureja N, Malik AK. Efficient Turn-On Zr Based Metal Organic Framework Fluorescent Sensor for Ultrafast Detection of Danofloxacin in Milk Samples. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:1631-1642. [PMID: 37578675 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03379-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal organic framework, UiO-67 was synthesized by coordinating Zr(IV) with 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid (BPDC) ligand. Morphology and crystallinity of MOF was confirmed with FE-SEM and PXRD procedure. Danofloxacin (DANO), a veterinary fluoroquinolone antibiotic, was detected in milk by employing UiO-67 as "turn-on" fluorescent sensor. Original photoluminescent (PL) efficiency of UiO-67 sensor was enhanced on its electronic interaction with DANO molecule. Significant PL efficiency enhancement, lower detection limit 0.49 ng/mL (1.37 nM), swift detection (time < 1 min), and excellent linear correlation (R2 = 0.9988) indicated extraordinary sensitivity of developed UiO-67 sensor for DANO. Selectivity and performance of sensor was unaltered in presence of interfering species and detection results were obtained under permissible variation limits. Method applied successfully for ultra-trace detection of DANO residues in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajpal Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Govt. College, Dabwali, Sirsa, Haryana, 125104, India
| | - Gaurav Dhingra
- Punjabi University Constituent College, Ghanaur, Patiala, Punjab, 140702, India
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Jaswinder Singh
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Govt. College, Dabwali, Sirsa, Haryana, 125104, India
| | - Nidhi Dureja
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharam College, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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Antunes GC, Malgaretti P, Harting J. Turning catalytically active pores into active pumps. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:134903. [PMID: 37787144 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We develop a semi-analytical model of self-diffusioosmotic transport in active pores, which includes advective transport and the inverse chemical reaction that consumes solute. In previous work [Antunes et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 188003 (2022)], we have demonstrated the existence of a spontaneous symmetry breaking in fore-aft symmetric pores that enables them to function as a micropump. We now show that this pumping transition is controlled by three timescales. Two timescales characterize advective and diffusive transport. The third timescale corresponds to how long a solute molecule resides in the pore before being consumed. Introducing asymmetry to the pore (either via the shape or the catalytic coating) reveals a second type of advection-enabled transition. In asymmetric pores, the flow rate exhibits discontinuous jumps and hysteresis loops upon tuning the parameters that control the asymmetry. This work demonstrates the interconnected roles of shape and catalytic patterning in the dynamics of active pores and shows how to design a pump for optimum performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Antunes
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauer Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Malgaretti
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauer Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Harting
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauer Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department Chemie- und Bioingenieurwesen und Department Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
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Antunes GC, Malgaretti P, Harting J, Dietrich S. Pumping and Mixing in Active Pores. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:188003. [PMID: 36374705 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.188003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We show both numerically and analytically that a chemically patterned active pore can act as a micro- or nanopump for fluids, even if it is fore-aft symmetric. This is possible due to a spontaneous symmetry breaking which occurs when advection rather than diffusion is the dominant mechanism of solute transport. We further demonstrate that, for pumping and tuning the flow rate, a combination of geometrical and chemical inhomogeneities is required. For certain parameter values, the flow is unsteady, and persistent oscillations with a tunable frequency appear. Finally, we find that the flow exhibits convection rolls and hence promotes mixing in the low Reynolds number regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Antunes
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - P Malgaretti
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Harting
- Helmholtz-Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg für Erneuerbare Energien (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department Chemie-und Bioingenieurwesen und Department Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - S Dietrich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstraße 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Gao Q, Bai Q, Zheng C, Sun N, Liu J, Chen W, Hu F, Lu T. Application of Metal–Organic Framework in Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091240. [PMID: 36139080 PMCID: PMC9496218 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-related chronic wounds are often accompanied by a poor wound-healing environment such as high glucose, recurrent infections, and inflammation, and standard wound treatments are fairly limited in their ability to heal these wounds. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been developed to improve therapeutic outcomes due to their ease of engineering, surface functionalization, and therapeutic properties. In this review, we summarize the different synthesis methods of MOFs and conduct a comprehensive review of the latest research progress of MOFs in the treatment of diabetes and its wounds. State-of-the-art in vivo oral hypoglycemic strategies and the in vitro diagnosis of diabetes are enumerated and different antimicrobial strategies (including physical contact, oxidative stress, photothermal, and related ions or ligands) and provascular strategies for the treatment of diabetic wounds are compared. It focuses on the connections and differences between different applications of MOFs as well as possible directions for improvement. Finally, the potential toxicity of MOFs is also an issue that we cannot ignore.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tingli Lu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-136-5918-8506
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Volk AA, Campbell ZS, Ibrahim MYS, Bennett JA, Abolhasani M. Flow Chemistry: A Sustainable Voyage Through the Chemical Universe en Route to Smart Manufacturing. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2022; 13:45-72. [PMID: 35259931 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-024449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices and systems have entered many areas of chemical engineering, and the rate of their adoption is only increasing. As we approach and adapt to the critical global challenges we face in the near future, it is important to consider the capabilities of flow chemistry and its applications in next-generation technologies for sustainability, energy production, and tailor-made specialty chemicals. We present the introduction of microfluidics into the fundamental unit operations of chemical engineering. We discuss the traits and advantages of microfluidic approaches to different reactive systems, both well-established and emerging, with a focus on the integration of modular microfluidic devices into high-efficiency experimental platforms for accelerated process optimization and intensified continuous manufacturing. Finally, we discuss the current state and new horizons in self-driven experimentation in flow chemistry for both intelligent exploration through the chemical universe and distributed manufacturing. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Volume 13 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda A Volk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA; , , , ,
| | - Zachary S Campbell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA; , , , ,
| | - Malek Y S Ibrahim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA; , , , ,
| | - Jeffrey A Bennett
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA; , , , ,
| | - Milad Abolhasani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA; , , , ,
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Zhu H, Wu KJ, He CH. Continuous Synthesis of Uniformly Dispersed Mesoporous SBA-15 Supported Silver Nanoparticles in a Coiled Flow Inverter Reactor. Front Chem 2021; 9:747105. [PMID: 34631668 PMCID: PMC8492998 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.747105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica supported nanocatalysts have shown great potential in industrial processes due to their unique properties, such as high surface area, large pore volume, good chemomechanical stability and so on. Controllable and tunable synthesis of supported nanocatalysts is a crucial problem. Continuous synthesis of supported nanoparticles has been reported to get uniformly dispersed nanomaterials. Here, a method for continuous synthesis of uniformly dispersed mesoporous SBA-15 supported silver nanoparticles in a coiled flow inverter (CFI) microreactor is described. Compared to Ag/SBA-15 synthesized in the conventional batch reactor and Ag synthesized in continuous flow, mesoporous silica nanocatalysts synthesized in continuous flow are found to have smaller average size (7-11 nm) and narrower size distribution. The addition of capping agents can effectively change the characteristic of catalysts. Moreover, two kinds of support with different surface area and pore size have been added into the continuous synthesis. This method can provide further understandings for the synthesis of uniformly dispersed supported nanocatalysts in continuous flow, especially for mesoporous nanomaterials, which provides the possibilities of large-scale yield process of supported nanocatalysts in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, China
| | - Ke-Jun Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, China
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Chao-Hong He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, China
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