Flypaper effect assessment methods in the expansion of regional autonomy

Methods for Studying Group Loans, Join Responsibility, and Women's Empowerment

World researchers have studied various phenomena of loans provided through financial institutions, including a loan strategy with Group Loans. Group Loans are money loans made by a group of people to a microfinance institution. Based on a case study in Nganjuk, East Java, Indonesia, we investigated the phenomena of Group Loans. Group Loans customers in the community are primarily women, and they are generally housewives without having a fixed income unless they receive a stipend from their husbands. Group Loan facilities are provided for women's empowerment, primarily to support productive activities. Unfortunately, these group loans potentially experience problems, especially interms of loan payments. Group members who are not paying debts, wasting money, and borrowing from numerous financial institutions to pay off prior obligations have all been recognised as issues. This study examined methods to anticipate and minimize the risk of Group Loans through the implementation of women's empowerment activities. The proposed method in this study is deemed effective to assist women in avoiding debt owing to Group Loans. This study is expected to be one of the solutions to enhancing women's roles, particularly in minimising the risk of debt through productive activities.

• Discussion of methods to examine the phenomena and problems of Group Loans.

• Discussion of approach methods to credit agency customers who borrow money in groups.

• Methods of exercising women's empowerment in anticipation of Group Loans.

Vocational education phenomena research method

The vocational education implementation is one of the success factors for government to improve the quality of human resources, mainly toward producing skilled workers. Various researchers have studied the phenomena of vocational education. Unfortunately, studies on research methods in relation to vocational education phenomena are limited. Hence, this paper examined the research methods on the phenomena of vocational education, based on few case studies in Indonesia. Indonesia has many challenges as such Indonesia is a country with the fourth highest population globally, high level of unemployment, relatively rapid growth of new autonomy, and most number of islands in the world. In fact, Indonesia has different characteristics and needs of human resources from each region.•

This article discusses the methods to explore the phenomena of vocational education through case studies in Indonesia.

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This method article discusses the division of question groups and deployment of questionnaires through the referral and stages of research.

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This method article is the alternative basis for preparing research steps related to study the vocational education phenomena.