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Song K, Li Y, Yang K, Lu T, Wang M, Wang Z, Liu C, Yu M, Wang M, Cheng Z, Pan M, Hu G. Regulatory Effects of SLC7A2-CPB2 on Lymphangiogenesis: A New Approach to Suppress Lymphatic Metastasis in HNSCC. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70273. [PMID: 39382373 PMCID: PMC11468304 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a critical factor affecting the outcomes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the main reason for treatment failure. This study was designed to examine the effects of the key genes involved in the LNM of HNSCC. METHODS Tissue samples (HNSCC) were examined by transcriptome sequencing, and the core genes associated with LNM were detected via bioinformatics analysis. The functions of these core genes were then validated using the TCGA biological database and their effects on the propagation, invasion, and metastasis of HNSCC cells were evaluated through cell culture experiments. Moreover, the effect of core gene expression on the LNM capability of HNSCC was confirmed via a footpad xenograft mice model. RESULTS In the findings, a key gene involved in the LNM of HNSCC was identified as SLC7A2. It was correlated with adverse clinical prognosis and expressed with low expression in HNSCC tissues. As shown in cell culture experiments, FaDu and SCC15 cell growth, invasion, and migration were inhibited when SLC7A2 was overexpressed. Further, cell apoptosis was stimulated, and lymphangiogenesis was suppressed through the downregulation of CPB2 expression. Animal studies demonstrated that the growth and LNM of HNSCC cells were inhibited by SLC7A2 overexpression. CONCLUSION It is concluded that SLC7A2 is involved in HNSCC lymphatic metastasis by controlling CPB2 function. The results are anticipated to offer new directions for the effective treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Yanshi Li
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Min Wang
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhihai Wang
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Mengna Wang
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhaobo Cheng
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Min Pan
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Guohua Hu
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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Hamdy M, Shaheen IA, Khallaf M, Selim YMM. Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor plasma levels and TAFI Thr325Ile genetic polymorphism in a cohort of Egyptian sickle cell disease patients and impact on disease severity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30959. [PMID: 38520679 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin is a critical protease modulating thrombosis as well as inflammation, which are one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms in sickle vasculopathy, and its levels were reported to be high in sickle cell disease (SCD). The thrombin-thrombomodulin complex activates the TAFI inhibitor of fibrinolysis, which acts by reducing plasmin affinity for its substrate thus hindering fibrinolysis. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the influence of the Thr325Ile single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on TAFI antigen levels and potential effects on the severity of SCD in a cohort of Egyptian patients. METHODS Genotyping of Thr325lle polymorphism using Taq-Man SNP genotyping assay and TAFI level measurement using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed for 80 SCD patients (45 homozygous HbSS, 16 S/β0 and 19 Sβ+) as well as 80 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. RESULTS Plasma TAFI levels were higher in SCD patients with Thr325Ile polymorphism, yet the difference was not statistically significant (p = .204). SCD patients with polymorphic genotypes had a greater number of hospital admissions (p = .03). Ten patients with acute chest syndrome had the homozygous polymorphic genotype (GG), and all patients with pulmonary hypertension had the polymorphic genotype (six were homozygous [GG] and five were heterozygous [GA]). Patients with SCD complicated with pulmonary hypertension showed significantly higher plasma TAFI levels (p = .044). CONCLUSION The analysis of Thr325Ile polymorphisms combined with plasma TAFI levels suggests that the analyzed SNP could influence plasma TAFL levels and SCD disease severity and hospitalization rates, which could be predictors for complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Hamdy
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology and BMT Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman A Shaheen
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Khallaf
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology and BMT Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen M M Selim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology and BMT Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Najjarian F, Homaei Rad H, Ardalan M, Teshnehlab M, Zununi Vahed S, Pirmoradi S. Key therapeutic targets implicated at the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma identified through machine-learning approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3840. [PMID: 36882466 PMCID: PMC9992672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30720-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent type of primary liver cancer. Early-stage detection plays an essential role in making treatment decisions and identifying dominant molecular mechanisms. We utilized machine learning algorithms to find significant mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) at the early and late stages of HCC. First, pre-processing approaches, including organization, nested cross-validation, cleaning, and normalization were applied. Next, the t-test/ANOVA methods and binary particle swarm optimization were used as a filter and wrapper method in the feature selection step, respectively. Then, classifiers, based on machine learning and deep learning algorithms were utilized to evaluate the discrimination power of selected features (mRNAs and miRNAs) in the classification step. Finally, the association rule mining algorithm was applied to selected features for identifying key mRNAs and miRNAs that can help decode dominant molecular mechanisms in HCC stages. The applied methods could identify key genes associated with the early (e.g., Vitronectin, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, lactate dehydrogenase D (LDHD), miR-590) and late-stage (e.g., SPRY domain containing 4, regucalcin, miR-3199-1, miR-194-2, miR-4999) of HCC. This research could establish a clear picture of putative candidate genes, which could be the main actors at the early and late stages of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahdi Hosseiniyan Khatibi
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, Tabriz, 51665118, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Niyayesh Blvd., Tabriz, Iran.,Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farima Najjarian
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Homaei Rad
- Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Ardalan
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, Tabriz, 51665118, Iran
| | - Mohammad Teshnehlab
- Department of Electric and Computer Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Zununi Vahed
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Street, Tabriz, 51665118, Iran.
| | - Saeed Pirmoradi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Niyayesh Blvd., Tabriz, Iran.
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Sillen M, Declerck PJ. Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI): An Updated Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073670. [PMID: 33916027 PMCID: PMC8036986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), a proenzyme, is converted to a potent attenuator of the fibrinolytic system upon activation by thrombin, plasmin, or the thrombin/thrombomodulin complex. Since TAFI forms a molecular link between coagulation and fibrinolysis and plays a potential role in venous and arterial thrombotic diseases, much interest has been tied to the development of molecules that antagonize its function. This review aims at providing a general overview on the biochemical properties of TAFI, its (patho)physiologic function, and various strategies to stimulate the fibrinolytic system by interfering with (activated) TAFI functionality.
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Toraih EA, El-Wazir A, Ageeli EA, Hussein MH, Eltoukhy MM, Killackey MT, Kandil E, Fawzy MS. Unleash multifunctional role of long noncoding RNAs biomarker panel in breast cancer: a predictor classification model. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1215-1237. [PMID: 32812439 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to explore the circulating expression profile of nine lncRNAs (MALAT1, HOTAIR, PVT1, H19, ROR, GAS5, ANRIL, BANCR, MIAT) in breast cancer (BC) patients relative to normal and risky individuals. Methods: Serum relative expressions of the specified long non-coding RNAs were quantified in 155 consecutive women, using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Random Forest (RF) and decision tree were also applied. Results: Significant MALAT1 upregulation and GAS5 downregulation could discriminate risky women from healthy controls. Overexpression of the other genes showed good diagnostic performances. Lower GAS5 levels were associated with metastasis and recurrence. RF model revealed a better performance when combining gene expression patterns with risk factors. Conclusion: The studied panel could be utilized as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in BC, providing promising epigenetic-based therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Toraih
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.,Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Aya El-Wazir
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Essam Al Ageeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Medical Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 82911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H Hussein
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mohamed M Eltoukhy
- College of Computing and Information Technology, Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mary T Killackey
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Emad Kandil
- Department of Surgery, Division of Endocrine & Oncologic Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia
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Yu C, Luan Y, Wang Z, Zhao J, Xu C. Suppression of TAFI by siRNA inhibits invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3469-3474. [PMID: 28765963 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), also known as carboxypeptidase B2 (CPB2), is a procarboxypeptidase enzyme. The purpose of the present study was to observe the expression of TAFI in breast cancer (BC) and breast cancer cell (BCC) lines and to investigate the effect of TAFI suppression by small interfering (si)RNA gene silencing on invasion and migration of BCC lines. A significant increase in TAFI level was identified by immunohistochemical analysis in BC tissues compared with normal breast tissues. TAFI suppression also inhibited cell viability, invasion and migration ability as demonstrated by MTT, Transwell chamber, and wound scratch assays, respectively (P<0.05). The data suggested that suppression of TAFI by siRNA inhibits invasion and migration of breast cancer cells and that TAFI may be a new target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yun Luan
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Zejun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jingjie Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Chengwei Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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Bazzi ZA, Lanoue D, El-Youssef M, Romagnuolo R, Tubman J, Cavallo-Medved D, Porter LA, Boffa MB. Activated thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa) attenuates breast cancer cell metastatic behaviors through inhibition of plasminogen activation and extracellular proteolysis. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:328. [PMID: 27221823 PMCID: PMC4879731 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a plasma zymogen, which can be converted to activated TAFI (TAFIa) through proteolytic cleavage by thrombin, plasmin, and most effectively thrombin in complex with the endothelial cofactor thrombomodulin (TM). TAFIa is a carboxypeptidase that cleaves carboxyl terminal lysine and arginine residues from protein and peptide substrates, including plasminogen-binding sites on cell surface receptors. Carboxyl terminal lysine residues play a pivotal role in enhancing cell surface plasminogen activation to plasmin. Plasmin has many critical functions including cleaving components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which enhances invasion and migration of cancer cells. We therefore hypothesized that TAFIa could act to attenuate metastasis. Methods To assess the role of TAFIa in breast cancer metastasis, in vitro migration and invasion assays, live cell proteolysis and cell proliferation using MDA-MB-231 and SUM149 cells were carried out in the presence of a TAFIa inhibitor, recombinant TAFI variants, or soluble TM. Results Inhibition of TAFIa with potato tuber carboxypeptidase inhibitor increased cell invasion, migration and proteolysis of both cell lines, whereas addition of TM resulted in a decrease in all these parameters. A stable variant of TAFIa, TAFIa-CIIYQ, showed enhanced inhibitory effects on cell invasion, migration and proteolysis. Furthermore, pericellular plasminogen activation was significantly decreased on the surface of MDA-MB-231 and SUM149 cells following treatment with various concentrations of TAFIa. Conclusions Taken together, these results indicate a vital role for TAFIa in regulating pericellular plasminogen activation and ultimately ECM proteolysis in the breast cancer microenvironment. Enhancement of TAFI activation in this microenvironment may be a therapeutic strategy to inhibit invasion and prevent metastasis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab A Bazzi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9J 3P4, Canada
| | - Danielle Lanoue
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9J 3P4, Canada
| | - Mouhanned El-Youssef
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9J 3P4, Canada
| | - Rocco Romagnuolo
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9J 3P4, Canada
| | - Janice Tubman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9J 3P4, Canada
| | - Dora Cavallo-Medved
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9J 3P4, Canada
| | - Lisa A Porter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9J 3P4, Canada
| | - Michael B Boffa
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9J 3P4, Canada.
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Fawzy MS, Toraih EA. Data supporting the structural and functional characterization of Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor in breast cancer. Data Brief 2015; 5:981-9. [PMID: 26740968 PMCID: PMC4675892 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2015.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The data in this paper is related to the research article entitled “Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor Thr325Ile polymorphism and plasma level in breast cancer: A pilot study” (Fawzy et al., 2015) [1]. Many emerging studies have begun to unravel the pathophysiologic role of the fibrinolytic system in breast cancer (BC) progression (Zorio et al., 2008) [2]. Activation of the fibrinolytic plasminogen/plasmin system results in degradation of protein barriers, thereby mediating cell migration essential for tumor growth, angiogenesis, and dissemination (Castellino and Ploplis, 2005) [3]. In the current study, in silico data analysis of Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI) gene and protein has been done. Data have been retrieved from several databases mentioned in details in the text. Determination and analysis of the structural and functional impact of TAFI and its expression could help elucidate the contribution of the TAFI pathway to acquired hemostatic dysfunction and will form the basis of potential therapeutic strategies to manipulate this pathway. An inhibition of TAFI (e.g. by FXI inhibitors) will offer the therapeutic possibilities to improve the decreased fibrinolysis and increase the efficiency of fibrinolytic therapy in thrombotic disorders including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology (Genetics Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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