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Gal Y, Marcus H, Mamroud E, Aloni-Grinstein R. Mind the Gap-A Perspective on Strategies for Protecting against Bacterial Infections during the Period from Infection to Eradication. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1701. [PMID: 37512874 PMCID: PMC10386665 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a pressing public health concern, highlighting the need for alternative approaches to control bacterial infections. Promising approaches include the development of therapeutic vaccines and the utilization of innate immune activation techniques, which may prove useful in conjunction with antibiotics, as well as other antibacterial modalities. However, innate activation should be fast and self- or actively- contained to prevent detrimental consequences. TLR ligand adjuvants are effective at rapidly activating, within minutes to hours, the innate immune system by inducing cytokine production and other signaling molecules that bolster the host's immune response. Neutrophils serve as the first line of defense against invading pathogens by capturing and destroying them through various mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, intracellular degradation, and the formation of NETs. Nutritional immunity is another host defense mechanism that limits the availability of essential metals, such as iron, from invading bacterial pathogens. Thus, iron starvation has been proposed as a potential antibacterial strategy. In this review, we focus on approaches that have the potential to enhance rapid and precise antibacterial responses, bridging the gap between the onset of infection and the elimination of bacteria, hence limiting the infection by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Gal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona 74100, Israel
| | - Hadar Marcus
- Department of Biotechnology, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona 74100, Israel
| | - Emanuelle Mamroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona 74100, Israel
| | - Ronit Aloni-Grinstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness Ziona 74100, Israel
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2
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Wang J, Xiong K, Pan Q, He W, Cong Y. Application of TonB-Dependent Transporters in Vaccine Development of Gram-Negative Bacteria. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:589115. [PMID: 33585268 PMCID: PMC7873555 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.589115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple scarce nutrients, such as iron and nickel, are essential for bacterial growth. Gram-negative bacteria secrete chelators to bind these nutrients from the environment competitively. The transport of the resulting complexes into bacterial cells is mediated by TonB-dependent transporters (TBDTs) located at the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria. The characteristics of TBDTs, including surface exposure, protective immunogenicity, wide distribution, inducible expression in vivo, and essential roles in pathogenicity, make them excellent candidates for vaccine development. The possible application of a large number of TBDTs in immune control of the corresponding pathogens has been recently investigated. This paper summarizes the latest progresses and current major issues in the application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Cold Environmental Medicine, Institute of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqiong, China
| | - Qu Pan
- Department of Microbiology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Weifeng He
- Department of Burn, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanguang Cong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Precision Medicine Center, Traditional Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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3
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Valderrama K, Balado M, Rey-Varela D, Rodríguez J, Vila-Sanjurjo A, Jiménez C, Lemos ML. Outer membrane protein FrpA, the siderophore piscibactin receptor of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida, as a subunit vaccine against photobacteriosis in sole (Solea senegalensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:723-729. [PMID: 31580933 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photobacteriosis caused by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Pdp) remains one of the main infectious diseases affecting cultured fish in Mediterranean countries. Diverse vaccine formulations based in the use of inactivated bacterial cells have been used with unsatisfactory results, especially in newly cultured species like sole (Solea senegalensis). In this work, we describe the use of the outer membrane receptor (FrpA) of the siderophore piscibactin produced by Pdp as a novel subunit vaccine against photobacteriosis. FrpA has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli under an arabinose-inducible promoter. A recombinant protein (rFrpA) containing the pelB localization signal and a His tag was constructed to obtain a pure native form of the protein from E. coli outer membranes. The immunogenicity of rFrpA, and its protective effect against photobacteriosis, was tested by i.p. injection of 30 μg of the protein, mixed with Freund's adjuvant, in sole fingerlings with two immunizations separated by 30 days. Results showed that using either pure rFrpA or whole cells as immobilized antigens in ELISA assays, rFrpA induces the production of specific antibodies in sole. An experimental infection using fish vaccinated with rFrpA or formalin-killed whole cells of Pdp showed that both groups were protected against Pdp infection at similar levels, with no significant differences, reaching RPS values of 73% and 79%, respectively. Thus, FrpA constitutes a promising antigen candidate for the development of novel more effective vaccines against fish photobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Valderrama
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain; Grupo GIBE, Departamento de Bioloxía, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain
| | - Miguel Balado
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Diego Rey-Varela
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain
| | - Antón Vila-Sanjurjo
- Grupo GIBE, Departamento de Bioloxía, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain.
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain.
| | - Manuel L Lemos
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
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4
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Antenucci F, Magnowska Z, Nimtz M, Roesch C, Jänsch L, Bojesen AM. Immunoproteomic characterization of outer membrane vesicles from hyper-vesiculating Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Vet Microbiol 2019; 235:188-194. [PMID: 31383301 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are produced and secreted virtually by every known Gram-negative bacterium. Despite their non-live nature, they share antigenic characteristics with the bacteria they originate from. This, together with their relative ease of purification, casts the OMVs as a very promising and flexible tool in both human and veterinary vaccinology. The aim of the current work was to get an insight into the antigenic pattern of OMVs from the pig pathogen Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in the context of vaccine development. Accordingly, we designed a protocol combining 2D Western Blotting and mass spectrometric identification to robustly characterize the antigenic protein pattern of the vesicles. Our analysis revealed that A. pleuropneumoniae OMVs carry several immunoreactive virulence factors. Some of these proteins, LpoA, OsmY and MIDG2331_02184, have never previously been documented as antigenic in A. pleuropneumoniae or other pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, we showed that despite their relative abundance, proteins such as FrpB and DegQ do not contribute to the antigenic profile of A. pleuropneumoniae OMVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Antenucci
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frb. C., 1-20, Building: 301, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Zofia Magnowska
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frb. C., 1-20, Building: 301, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Manfred Nimtz
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Camille Roesch
- Izon Science Ltd, Batiment Laennec, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008, Lyon, France.
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Anders Miki Bojesen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870 Frb. C., 1-20, Building: 301, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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5
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Christodoulides M, Heckels J. Novel approaches to Neisseria meningitidis vaccine design. Pathog Dis 2018; 75:3078540. [PMID: 28369428 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A range of vaccines is available for preventing life-threatening diseases caused by infection with Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus, Men). Capsule polysaccharide (CPS)-conjugate vaccines are successful prophylactics for serogroup MenA, MenC, MenW and MenY infections, and outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines have been used successfully for controlling clonal serogroup MenB infections. MenB vaccines based on recombinant proteins identified by reverse vaccinology (Bexsero™) and proteomics (Trumenba™) approaches have recently been licensed and Bexsero™ has been introduced into the UK infant immunisation programme. In this review, we chart the development of these licensed vaccines. In addition, we discuss the plethora of novel vaccinology approaches that have been applied to the meningococcus with varying success in pre-clinical studies, but which provide technological platforms for application to other pathogens. These strategies include modifying CPS, lipooligosaccharide and OMV; the use of recombinant proteins; structural vaccinology approaches of designing synthetic peptide/mimetope vaccines, DNA vaccines and engineered proteins; epitope presentation on biological and synthetic particles; through vaccination with live-attenuated pathogen(s), or with heterologous bacteria expressing vaccine antigens, or to competitive occupation of the nasopharyngeal niche by commensal bacterial spp. After close to a century of vaccine research, it is possible that meningococcal disease may be added, shortly, to the list of diseases to have been eradicated worldwide by rigorous vaccination campaigns.
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Cornelissen CN. Subversion of nutritional immunity by the pathogenic Neisseriae. Pathog Dis 2018; 76:4553517. [PMID: 29045638 PMCID: PMC6251569 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftx112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic Neisseria species, including Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, are obligate human pathogens that cause significant morbidity and mortality. The success of these pathogens, with regard to causing disease in humans, is inextricably linked to their ability to acquire necessary nutrients in the hostile environment of the host. Humans deploy a significant arsenal of weaponry to defend against bacterial pathogens, not least of which are the metal-sequestering proteins that entrap and withhold transition metals, including iron, zinc and manganese, from invaders. This review will discuss the general strategies that bacteria employ to overcome these metal-sequestering attempts by the host, and then will focus on the relatively uncommon 'metal piracy' approaches utilized by the pathogenic Neisseria for this purpose. Because acquiring metals from the environment is critical to microbial survival, interfering with this process could impede growth and therefore disease initiation or progression. This review will also discuss how interfering with metal uptake by the pathogenic Neisseriae could be deployed in the development of novel or improved preventative or therapeutic measures against these important pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Nau Cornelissen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, USA
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Norheim G, Sanders H, Mellesdal JW, Sundfør I, Chan H, Brehony C, Vipond C, Dold C, Care R, Saleem M, Maiden MCJ, Derrick JP, Feavers I, Pollard AJ. An OMV Vaccine Derived from a Capsular Group B Meningococcus with Constitutive FetA Expression: Preclinical Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Toxicity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134353. [PMID: 26390123 PMCID: PMC4577077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the introduction of effective protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines against capsular group C meningococcal disease in Europe, meningococci of capsular group B remain a major cause of death and can result in debilitating sequelae. The outer membrane proteins PorA and FetA have previously been shown to induce bactericidal antibodies in humans. Despite considerable antigenic variation among PorA and FetA OMPs in meningococci, systematic molecular epidemiological studies revealed this variation is highly structured so that a limited repertoire of antigenic types is congruent with the hyperinvasive meningococcal lineages that have caused most of the meningococcal disease in Europe in recent decades. Here we describe the development of a prototype vaccine against capsular group B meningococcal infection based on a N. meningitidis isolate genetically engineered to have constitutive expression of the outer membrane protein FetA. Deoxycholate outer membrane vesicles (dOMVs) extracted from cells cultivated in modified Frantz medium contained 21.8% PorA protein, 7.7% FetA protein and 0.03 μg LPS per μg protein (3%). The antibody response to the vaccine was tested in three mouse strains and the toxicological profile of the vaccine was tested in New Zealand white rabbits. Administration of the vaccine, MenPF-1, when given by intramuscular injection on 4 occasions over a 9 week period, was well tolerated in rabbits up to 50 μg/dose, with no evidence of systemic toxicity. These data indicated that the MenPF-1 vaccine had a toxicological profile suitable for testing in a phase I clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnstein Norheim
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Holly Sanders
- National Institute of Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Hannah Chan
- National Institute of Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, United Kingdom
| | - Carina Brehony
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Vipond
- National Institute of Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Dold
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rory Care
- National Institute of Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Ian Feavers
- National Institute of Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Gasparini R, Panatto D, Bragazzi NL, Lai PL, Bechini A, Levi M, Durando P, Amicizia D. How the Knowledge of Interactions between Meningococcus and the Human Immune System Has Been Used to Prepare Effective Neisseria meningitidis Vaccines. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:189153. [PMID: 26351643 PMCID: PMC4553322 DOI: 10.1155/2015/189153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, tremendous advancement in dissecting the mechanisms of pathogenicity of Neisseria meningitidis at a molecular level has been achieved, exploiting converging approaches of different disciplines, ranging from pathology to microbiology, immunology, and omics sciences (such as genomics and proteomics). Here, we review the molecular biology of the infectious agent and, in particular, its interactions with the immune system, focusing on both the innate and the adaptive responses. Meningococci exploit different mechanisms and complex machineries in order to subvert the immune system and to avoid being killed. Capsular polysaccharide and lipooligosaccharide glycan composition, in particular, play a major role in circumventing immune response. The understanding of these mechanisms has opened new horizons in the field of vaccinology. Nowadays different licensed meningococcal vaccines are available and used: conjugate meningococcal C vaccines, tetravalent conjugate vaccines, an affordable conjugate vaccine against the N. menigitidis serogroup A, and universal vaccines based on multiple antigens each one with a different and peculiar function against meningococcal group B strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Gasparini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - D. Panatto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - N. L. Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - P. L. Lai
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - A. Bechini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni 48, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - M. Levi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni 48, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - P. Durando
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - D. Amicizia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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9
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Poolman JT, Richmond P. Multivalent meningococcal serogroup B vaccines: challenges in predicting protection and measuring effectiveness. Expert Rev Vaccines 2015. [PMID: 26204792 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1071670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines targeting Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) have been attempted for 40 years. Monovalent outer membrane vesicle vaccines targeted at epidemic outbreaks have been successfully developed. Newer vaccines aim to induce antibodies to cross-reactive antigens, such as factor H binding protein (rLP2086) or a mix of outer membrane vesicle, factor H binding protein and other minor antigens (4CMenB). The true protective coverage among circulating MenB isolates afforded by these vaccines is unknown. Carefully conducted Phase IV post-implementation evaluations designed to measure specific effectiveness against major circulating MenB clonal lineages are needed to address the critical question of which antigens are linked to protection. Progress with whole-genome sequencing and bio-informatics may allow the composition of antigen mozaics based on two major outer membrane proteins: PorA and FetA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan T Poolman
- Bacterial Vaccine Discovery & Early Development, Janssen, Zernikedreef 9; 2333 CK Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Marsay L, Dold C, Green CA, Rollier CS, Norheim G, Sadarangani M, Shanyinde M, Brehony C, Thompson AJ, Sanders H, Chan H, Haworth K, Derrick JP, Feavers IM, Maiden MC, Pollard AJ. A novel meningococcal outer membrane vesicle vaccine with constitutive expression of FetA: A phase I clinical trial. J Infect 2015; 71:326-37. [PMID: 25982025 PMCID: PMC4535279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines are used against outbreaks of capsular group B Neisseria meningitidis (MenB) caused by strains expressing particular PorA outer membrane proteins (OMPs). Ferric enterobactin receptor (FetA) is another variable OMP that induces type-specific bactericidal antibodies, and the combination of judiciously chosen PorA and FetA variants in vaccine formulations is a potential approach to broaden protection of such vaccines. Methods The OMV vaccine MenPF-1 was generated by genetically modifying N. meningitidis strain 44/76 to constitutively express FetA. Three doses of 25 μg or 50 μg of MenPF-1 were delivered intra-muscularly to 52 healthy adults. Results MenPF-1 was safe and well tolerated. Immunogenicity was measured by serum bactericidal assay (SBA) against wild-type and isogenic mutant strains. After 3 doses, the proportion of volunteers with SBA titres ≥1:4 (the putative protective titre) was 98% for the wild-type strain, and 77% for the strain 44/76 FetAonPorAoff compared to 51% in the strain 44/76 FetAoffPorAoff, demonstrating that vaccination with MenPF-1 simultaneously induced FetA and PorA bactericidal antibodies. Conclusion This study provides a proof-of-concept for generating bactericidal antibodies against FetA after OMV vaccination in humans. Prevalence-based choice of PorA and FetA types can be used to formulate a vaccine for broad protection against MenB disease. MenB OMV vaccines' efficacy is strain-restricted by the variable antigen PorA. FetA is another variable antigen, but has iron-dependent expression. The combination of only a few PorA and FetA can induce broad-protection. A mutated OMV was created containing one PorA and one FetA. FetA induces bactericidal antibody response in addition to the PorA response in a Phase I trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marsay
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom
| | - C Dold
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom
| | - C A Green
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom
| | - C S Rollier
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom.
| | - G Norheim
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom
| | - M Sadarangani
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom
| | - M Shanyinde
- Nuffield Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Primary Care Clinical Trials Unit, University of Oxford, 23-38 Hythe Bridge Street, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Brehony
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, United Kingdom
| | - A J Thompson
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom
| | - H Sanders
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - H Chan
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - K Haworth
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom
| | - J P Derrick
- Michael Smith Building, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - I M Feavers
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - M C Maiden
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, United Kingdom
| | - A J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, CCVTM, Churchill Lane, Oxford OX37LE, United Kingdom
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11
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Sanders H, Feavers IM. Adjuvant properties of meningococcal outer membrane vesicles and the use of adjuvants inNeisseria meningitidisprotein vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 10:323-34. [DOI: 10.1586/erv.11.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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12
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Peak IR, Srikhanta YN, Weynants VE, Feron C, Poolman JT, Jennings MP. Evaluation of truncated NhhA protein as a candidate meningococcal vaccine antigen. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72003. [PMID: 24039731 PMCID: PMC3765393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
NhhA (Neisseria hia homologue) is an outer membrane protein from Neisseria meningitidis, the causative agent of meningococcal disease. The protein is surface exposed and its expression in a wide range of meningococcal strains suggests it is a promising vaccine candidate. In addition, immunization of mice with outer membrane vesicles of strains that overexpress NhhA in conjunction with one of TbpA, Omp85 or NspA results in synergistic bactericidal responses. We previously showed that the NhhA sequence is highly conserved between strains, with the majority of the differences localized to four distinct variable regions located in the amino-terminal region of the mature protein. In this study, N. meningitidis strains were constructed that over-express wild-type NhhA. Strains expressing truncated versions of NhhA, with deletions from the amino-terminal region that removed the most variable regions, were also made. These expression strains were also modified so that immunodominant, phase- and antigenically-variable outer membrane proteins were not expressed, truncated lipooligosaccharide (LOS) expression was genetically fixed (no phase variability), and capsular polysaccharide expression abolished. Outer membrane vesicles derived from these strains were used to immunize mice. As previously observed, a synergistic effect involving another antigen, TbpA, was required to demonstrate bactericidal activity. The highest bactericidal response against a heterologous strain was obtained with a truncated variant of NhhA. These results indicate that removal of (a) variable region(s) does not reduce bactericidal responses against NhhA, and that bactericidal targets exist in regions other than the variable N-teminus. This provides the basis for future examination of responses against truncated NhhA in protecting against heterologous NhhA strains, and further evaluation of truncated NhhA as a candidate for inclusion in a vaccine against all serogroups of N. meningitidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R. Peak
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yogitha N. Srikhanta
- School of Molecular and Microbial Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Michael P. Jennings
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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13
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Abstract
Various methods that are routinely used to study the subcellular localization of membrane proteins in wild-type Gram-negative bacteria fall short in genetic studies addressing the biogenesis of outer membrane proteins (OMPs). Here, we describe three biochemical methods that can be used in such studies to evaluate the proper assembly of OMPs into the outer membrane. The methods are based on (1) the differential electrophoretic mobility of folded and nonnative OMPs, (2) the intrinsically high protease resistance of folded OMPs, and (3) the observation that integral membrane proteins are not extracted from the membrane in solutions containing high concentrations of urea.
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14
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Liu T, Shi Y, Liu XF, Guo Y, Mao XH, Tan C, Zhuang Y, Peng LS, Zhang JY, Zou QM. Helicobacter pylori HP0876 is dispensable for heme-iron acquisition but attenuates bacterial adherence to gastric epithelial cells. Curr Microbiol 2012; 65:254-61. [PMID: 22739662 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-012-0153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori can efficiently capture iron either from free heme or heme-containing compounds in the iron-limited gastric mucosa. However, the heme iron utilization systems of H. pylori have not been fully described to date. To investigate the contribution of genes involved in heme-iron utilization, a gene homologous to frpB, encode by hp0876 in H. pylori ATCC 26695, was inactivated by homologous recombination. Δhp0876 showed no demonstrable growth defects in the presence of the various concentrations of free iron. Moreover, when hemoglobin or heme was supplied as the sole iron sources, Δhp0876 had growth curves similar to the wild-type strain. The growth competition experiments in vitro also showed that Δhp0876 retained the ability for iron acquisition. Furthermore, IL-8 production in human gastric epithelial cells co-cultured with Δhp0876 and wild-type strain was compared, and our results indicated that lack of HP0876 affected the IL-8 release. And Δhp0876 exhibited significantly increased adherence to gastric epithelial cells. Together, our data suggests that HP0876 is dispensable for H. pylori heme-iron uptake, but it may attenuate H. pylori adherence to gastric epithelial cells, which induced decreased production of H. pylori-induced IL-8 production in gastric epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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15
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Saleem M, Prince SM, Patel H, Chan H, Feavers IM, Derrick JP. Refolding, purification and crystallization of the FrpB outer membrane iron transporter from Neisseria meningitidis. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2012; 68:231-5. [PMID: 22298007 PMCID: PMC3274411 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309111056028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
FrpB is an integral outer membrane protein from the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis. It is a member of the TonB-dependent transporter family and promotes the uptake of iron across the outer membrane. There is also evidence that FrpB is an antigen and hence a potential component of a vaccine against meningococcal meningitis. FrpB incorporating a polyhistidine tag was overexpressed in Escherichia coli into inclusion bodies. The protein was then solubilized in urea, refolded and purified to homogeneity. Two separate antigenic variants of FrpB were crystallized by sitting-drop vapour diffusion. Crystals of the F5-1 variant diffracted to 2.4 Å resolution and belonged to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 176.5, b = 79.4, c = 75.9 Å, β = 98.3°. Crystal-packing calculations suggested the presence of a monomer in the asymmetric unit. Crystals of the F3-3 variant also diffracted to 2.4 Å resolution and belonged to space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 85.3, b = 104.6, c = 269.1 Å. Preliminary analysis suggested the presence of an FrpB trimer in the asymmetric unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- Michael Smith Building, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, England
| | - Stephen M. Prince
- Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, England
| | - Hema Patel
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Health Protection Agency, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, England
| | - Hannah Chan
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Health Protection Agency, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, England
| | - Ian M. Feavers
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Health Protection Agency, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, England
| | - Jeremy P. Derrick
- Michael Smith Building, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, England
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16
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Saleem M, Moore J, Derrick JP. Expression, purification, and crystallization of neisserial outer membrane proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 799:91-106. [PMID: 21993641 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-346-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Integral outer membrane proteins (OMPs) play key roles in solute transport, adhesion, and other processes. In Neisseria, they can also function as major protective antigens. Structural, biophysical, and immunological studies of Neisserial OMPs require their isolation in milligram quantities. Purification of any OMP directly from Neisseria would require the growth of large quantities of cell mass, with attendant concerns about safety and convenience. As a result, many investigators have developed methods for expression of OMPs into inclusion bodies in E. coli, followed by refolding of the resolubilized protein. Here we describe such a method, as optimized for the PorA porin but which can be applied, with suitable adaptation, to other OMPs. We also describe an approach to the crystallization of PorA.
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17
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Functioning of outer membrane protein assembly factor Omp85 requires a single POTRA domain. EMBO Rep 2007; 8:1149-54. [PMID: 18007659 DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.7401092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2007] [Revised: 09/13/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
beta-Barrel proteins are present in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts. The central component of their assembly machinery is called Omp85 in bacteria. Omp85 is predicted to consist of an integral membrane domain and an amino-terminal periplasmic extension containing five polypeptide-transport-associated (POTRA) domains. We have addressed the function of these domains by creating POTRA domain deletions in Omp85 of Neisseria meningitidis. Four POTRA domains could be deleted with only slight defects in Omp85 function. Only the most carboxy-terminal POTRA domain was essential, as was the membrane domain. Thus, similar to the mitochondrial Omp85 homologue, the functional core of bacterial Omp85 consists of its membrane domain and a single POTRA domain, that is, POTRA5.
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18
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Weynants VE, Feron CM, Goraj KK, Bos MP, Denoël PA, Verlant VG, Tommassen J, Peak IRA, Judd RC, Jennings MP, Poolman JT. Additive and synergistic bactericidal activity of antibodies directed against minor outer membrane proteins of Neisseria meningitidis. Infect Immun 2007; 75:5434-42. [PMID: 17664268 PMCID: PMC2168297 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00411-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B is a major cause of bacterial meningitis in younger populations. The available vaccines are based on outer membrane vesicles obtained from wild-type strains. In children less than 2 years old they confer protection only against strains expressing homologous PorA, a major, variable outer membrane protein (OMP). We genetically modified a strain in order to eliminate PorA and to overproduce one or several minor and conserved OMPs. Using a mouse model mimicking children's PorA-specific bactericidal activity, it was demonstrated that overproduction of more than one minor OMP is required to elicit antibodies able to induce complement-mediated killing of strains expressing heterologous PorA. It is concluded that a critical density of bactericidal antibodies needs to be reached at the surface of meningococci to induce complement-mediated killing. With minor OMPs, this threshold is reached when more than one antigen is targeted, and this allows cross-protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E Weynants
- GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rue de l'Institut 89, B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium
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19
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Wedege E, Bolstad K, Aase A, Herstad TK, McCallum L, Rosenqvist E, Oster P, Martin D. Functional and specific antibody responses in adult volunteers in new zealand who were given one of two different meningococcal serogroup B outer membrane vesicle vaccines. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2007; 14:830-8. [PMID: 17494638 PMCID: PMC1951067 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00039-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2007] [Revised: 02/25/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study presents detailed analyses of total and specific serum antibody levels among 26 and 24 adult volunteers before vaccination and after the third dose of the meningococcal serogroup B outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines MeNZB and MenBvac, respectively, in a clinical trial in New Zealand (V. Thornton, D. Lennon, K. Rasanathan, J. O'Hallahan, P. Oster, J. Stewart, S. Tilman, I. Aaberge, B. Feiring, H. Nokleby, E. Rosenqvist, K. White, S. Reid, K. Mulholland, M. J. Wakefield, and D. Martin, Vaccine 24:1395-1400, 2006). With the homologous vaccine strains as targets, both vaccines induced significant increases in serum bactericidal and opsonophagocytic activities and in the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to OMV antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and to live meningococci by flow cytometry. They also induced high levels of activity against the heterologous strains, particularly in terms of opsonophagocytic activity and IgG binding to live bacteria. The antibody levels with the homologous and heterologous strains in the four assays showed high and significant positive correlations. Specific IgG binding to 10 major OMV antigens in each vaccine was measured by scanning of immunoblots; ELISAs for two antigens, lipopolysaccharide and Neisseria surface protein A (NspA), were also performed. Both vaccines elicited significant increases in IgG binding to all homologous and heterologous OMV antigens except NspA. The total IgG band intensity on the blots correlated significantly with the IgG levels determined by the OMV ELISA and flow cytometry. In conclusion, the results of the various immunological assays showed that both OMV vaccines gave rise to high levels of specific and cross-reacting antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wedege
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway.
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20
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Marsh JW, O'Leary MM, Shutt KA, Harrison LH. Deletion of fetA gene sequences in serogroup B and C Neisseria meningitidis isolates. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45:1333-5. [PMID: 17287336 PMCID: PMC1865809 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02422-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunogenic iron-regulated FetA outer membrane protein of Neisseria meningitidis is one of various outer membrane proteins that have been considered potential meningococcal vaccine candidates. In this report, we describe the characterization of three meningococcal isolates that have deleted fetA sequences through genetic recombination at repetitive elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane W Marsh
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 865 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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