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Association of envelope-specific B-cell differentiation and viral selective pressure signatures in HIV-1 CRF01_AE infection. AIDS 2022; 36:1629-1641. [PMID: 35848590 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection, virus-specific B-cell and neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses are impaired but exert selective pressure on target viral Envelope (Env) resulting in prominent sequence diversification among geographical areas. The basal induction patterns of HIV Env-specific B cells and their interaction with HIV Env awaits clarification. DESIGN We investigated the relationship of Env polymorphisms and Env-specific B-cell responses in treatment-naive HIV-1 CRF01_AE-infected Vietnamese. METHODS Samples of 43 HIV-1 CRF01_AE infection-identified individuals were divided into acute-phase ( n = 12) and chronic-phase ( n = 31) by combined criteria of serological recent-infection assay and clinical parameters. We quantified subcloning-based polymorphic residue site numbers in plasma-derived Env variable region 1-5 (V1-V5)-coding regions within each individual, designating their summation within each region as variant index. Peripheral blood Env gp 140-specific B-cell responses and plasma neutralizing activity of Env pseudoviruses were examined to analyze their relationship with variant index. RESULTS HIV-1 CRF01_AE Env gp140-specific total B-cell and plasma cell (CD19 + IgD - CD27 + CD38 + CD138 + ) responses were determined. In chronic-phase samples, significant correlation of variant index in all Env V1-V5 regions with Env-specific plasma cell responses was shown, and V1-V5 total variant index correlated stronger with Env-specific plasma cell as compared with total Env-specific B-cell responses. Env V5 variant index was significantly higher in chronic-phase cross-neutralizers of V5-polymorphic/VRC01-insensitive CRF01_AE Env. CONCLUSION Results revealed the association between circulating Env-specific plasma cell responses and Env polymorphisms, implicating selective pressure on Env by plasma cell-derived antibodies and conversely suggests that Env-specific B-cell induction alone is insufficient for exerting Env selective pressure in HIV infection.
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Farinre O, Gounder K, Reddy T, Tongo M, Hare J, Chaplin B, Gilmour J, Kanki P, Mann JK, Ndung'u T. Subtype-specific differences in Gag-protease replication capacity of HIV-1 isolates from East and West Africa. Retrovirology 2021; 18:11. [PMID: 33952315 PMCID: PMC8097975 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-021-00554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The HIV-1 epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa is heterogeneous with diverse unevenly distributed subtypes and regional differences in prevalence. Subtype-specific differences in disease progression rate and transmission efficiency have been reported, but the underlying biological mechanisms have not been fully characterized. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the subtypes prevalent in the East Africa, where adult prevalence rate is higher, have lower viral replication capacity (VRC) than their West African counterparts where adult prevalence rates are lower. RESULTS Gag-protease sequencing was performed on 213 and 160 antiretroviral-naïve chronically infected participants from West and East Africa respectively and bioinformatic tools were used to infer subtypes and recombination patterns. VRC of patient-derived gag-protease chimeric viruses from West (n = 178) and East (n = 114) Africa were determined using a green fluorescent protein reporter-based cell assay. Subtype and regional differences in VRC and amino acid variants impacting VRC were identified by statistical methods. CRF02_AG (65%, n = 139), other recombinants (14%, n = 30) and pure subtypes (21%, n = 44) were identified in West Africa. Subtypes A1 (64%, n = 103), D (22%, n = 35), or recombinants (14%, n = 22) were identified in East Africa. Viruses from West Africa had significantly higher VRC compared to those from East Africa (p < 0.0001), with subtype-specific differences found among strains within West and East Africa (p < 0.0001). Recombination patterns showed a preference for subtypes D, G or J rather than subtype A in the p6 region of gag, with evidence that subtype-specific differences in this region impact VRC. Furthermore, the Gag A83V polymorphism was associated with reduced VRC in CRF02_AG. HLA-A*23:01 (p = 0.0014) and HLA-C*07:01 (p = 0.002) were associated with lower VRC in subtype A infected individuals from East Africa. CONCLUSIONS Although prevalent viruses from West Africa displayed higher VRC than those from East Africa consistent with the hypothesis that lower VRC is associated with higher population prevalence, the predominant CRF02_AG strain in West Africa displayed higher VRC than other prevalent strains suggesting that VRC alone does not explain population prevalence. The study identified viral and host genetic determinants of virus replication capacity for HIV-1 CRF02_AG and subtype A respectively, which may have relevance for vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omotayo Farinre
- HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kamini Gounder
- HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Tarylee Reddy
- Biostatistics Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
| | - Marcel Tongo
- Centre of Research for Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases (CREMER), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jonathan Hare
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) Human Immunology Laboratory (HIL), Imperial College, London, UK
- IAVI Global Headquarters, 125 Broad Street, 9th Floor,, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beth Chaplin
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill Gilmour
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) Human Immunology Laboratory (HIL), Imperial College, London, UK
- IAVI Global Headquarters, 125 Broad Street, 9th Floor,, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phyllis Kanki
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jaclyn K Mann
- HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thumbi Ndung'u
- HIV Pathogenesis Programme, The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa.
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
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Adusei-Poku MA, Matsuoka S, Bonney EY, Abana CZ, Duker EO, Nii-Trebi NI, Ofori SB, Mizutani T, Ishizaka A, Shiino T, Kawana-Tachikawa A, Ishikawa K, Ampofo WK, Matano T. Human Leukocyte Antigen-Associated HIV-1 CRF02_AG gag and vif Polymorphisms in Ghana. Jpn J Infect Dis 2019; 72:374-380. [PMID: 31257246 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2019.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infections, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses targeting human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted viral epitopes exert strong suppressive pressure on viral replication and frequently select for mutations resulting in viral escape from CTL recognition. Numerous data on these HLA-associated mutations in HIV-1 subtypes B and C have been amassed with few reports described in other subtypes. In the present study, we investigated the HLA-associated mutations in HIV-1 subtype CRF02_AG prevailing in Ghana, Western Africa. We determined viral gag sequences in 246 out of 324 HIV-1-infected Ghanaians. Phylogeny analysis revealed that 200 (81.3%) individuals were infected with HIV-1 CRF02_AG. Full gag and vif sequences were obtained from 199 and 138, respectively, out of the 200 individuals infected with CRF02_AG and subjected to determination of HLA-associated mutations. The analysis found HLA-associated HIV-1 CRF02_AG non-synonymous polymorphisms at 19 sites; 13 in gag and six in vif, including those that were newly determined. Generation of this data is an important contribution to our understanding of HIV-1 CRF02_AG and host T cell interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mildred A Adusei-Poku
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University.,AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Saori Matsuoka
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - Evelyn Y Bonney
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana
| | - Christopher Z Abana
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana
| | - Ewurabena O Duker
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana
| | - Nicholas I Nii-Trebi
- School of Biomedical and Allied Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana
| | | | | | - Aya Ishizaka
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | | | - Ai Kawana-Tachikawa
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University.,AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | - Koichi Ishikawa
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | - William K Ampofo
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana
| | - Tetsuro Matano
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University.,AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
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