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Firoozeh F, Zibaei M, Badmasti F, Khaledi A. Virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance and the relationship between these characteristics in uropathogenic Escherichia coli. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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2
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Qasemi A, Rahimi F, Katouli M. Genetic diversity and virulence characteristics of biofilm-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Int Microbiol 2021; 25:297-307. [PMID: 34705131 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains exhibit different levels of biofilm formation that help adhesion of the bacteria to uroepithelial cells. We investigated the genetic diversity and virulence-associated genes (VAGs) of biofilm-producing UPEC. A collection of 107 biofilm-producing (BFP) UPEC strains isolated from patients with UTI in Iran were divided into three groups of strong, moderate, and weak BFPs after a quantitative microtiter plate assay, and the involvement of curli and cellulose in adhesion of the strains to T24 cell line was confirmed by the construction of csgD and yedQ mutants of two representative UPEC strains. BFP strains were tested for their genetic diversity, phylogenetic groups, and the presence of 15 VAGs. A significant decrease in adhesion of csgD and yedQ mutant strains confirmed the role of biofilm production in adhesion to uroepithelial cells. A high diversity was found among all three groups of strong (Di = 0.998), moderate (Di = 0.998), and weak (Di = 0.988) BFPs with majority of the strains belonging to phylogroups B2 (44.9%) and A (24.3%). Strong BFP strains carried significantly higher level papEF, hlyA, and iutA than other BFP groups. In contrast, the presence of fimH, focG, sfaS, set-1, and cvaC was more pronounced among weak BFP strains. There exists a high genetic diversity among the BFP strains with different VGA profiles. However, the high prevalence of phylogroup A among BFP strains suggests the fitness of commensal E. coli strains to cause UTI in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Qasemi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezarjarib St., Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fateh Rahimi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezarjarib St., Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Katouli
- Genecology Research Center, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia.,School of Science, Technology and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
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3
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns, and the correlation between biofilm formation with virulence factors in uropathogenic E. coli isolated from urinary tract infections. Microb Pathog 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104196 [doi link]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns, and the correlation between biofilm formation with virulence factors in uropathogenic E. coli isolated from urinary tract infections. Microb Pathog 2020; 144:104196. [PMID: 32283258 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by the invasion of the pathogen in the urinary system that can manifest as symptomatic or asymptomatic bacteriuria. This study was conducted to investigate antibiotic resistance patterns, and the correlation between biofilm formations with virulence factors in uropathogenic E. coli isolates retrieved from UTI. We searched Scopus and Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of sciences for studies published in the English language between 1st 2005 to 31st December 2019. The Mesh terms and text words included "biofilms", OR "biofilm formation", AND "antibiotic resistance", OR "drug-resistance", OR "antimicrobial drug resistance", AND "urinary tract infections", OR "UTI", AND "biofilm related-genes", AND "virulence factors" AND "correlation", AND "Uropathogenic Escherichia coli", OR "Uropathogenic E. coli" AND "prevalence" AND "Iran". Data analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. The random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval (CI). The combined rates of biofilm formation in Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) isolates were achieved as 84.6% (95% CI: 72.7-91.9). Also, 24.8%, 26.1% and 44.6% of UPEC isolates were able to create strong, moderate and weak biofilm, respectively. The highest pooled antibiotic resistance was against Ampicillin followed by Tetracycline with resistance rates of 74.6% and 64.9%, respectively. Accordingly, some studies reported that biofilm production was significantly associated with antibiotic resistance and virulence genes (p < 0.05). This study showed a high tendency among UPEC isolates to form biofilm (more than 84%), also, most studies included in the present review reported a significant correlation between biofilm formation with antibiotic resistance and virulence factors.
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5
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Düzgün AÖ, Okumuş F, Saral A, Çiçek AÇ, Cinemre S. Determination of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from Turkish patients with urinary tract infection. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019; 52:e20180499. [PMID: 31271618 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0499-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Escherichia coli ranks among the most common sources of urinary tract infections (UTI). METHODS Between November 2015 and August 2016, 90 isolates of E. coli were isolated from patients at Rize Education and Research Hospital in Turkey. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined for all isolates using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. These E. coli isolates were also screened for virulence genes, β-lactamase coding genes, quinolone resistance genes, and class 1 integrons by PCR. RESULTS With respect to the antibiotic resistance profile, imipenem and meropenem were effective against 98% and 90% of isolates, respectively. A high percentage of the isolates showed resistance against β lactam/β lactamase inhibitor combinations, quinolones, and cephalosporins. PCR results revealed that 63% (57/90) of the strains carried class 1 integrons. In addition, a high predominance of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) was observed. The qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes were found in 24 (26.6%), 6 (6.6%), and 3 (3.3%), isolates, respectively. The most common virulence gene was fim (82.2%).The afa, hly, and cnf1 genes were detected in 16.6%, 16.6%, and 3.3% of isolates, respectively. Moreover, we observed eleven different virulence patterns in the 90 E. coli isolates. The most prevalent pattern was fım, while hly-fım, afa-aer-cnf-fım, aer-cnf, afa-aer, and afa-cnf-fım patterns were less common. CONCLUSIONS Most of the E. coli virulence genes investigated in this study were observed in E. coli isolates from UTI patients. Virulence genes are very important for the establishment and maintenance of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azer Özad Düzgün
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gumushane University, Gümüşhane, Turkey
| | - Funda Okumuş
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Gumushane University, Gümüşhane, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Saral
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Çopur Çiçek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sedanur Cinemre
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Gumushane University, Gümüşhane, Turkey
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6
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Mostafavi SKS, Najar‐Peerayeh S, Mobarez AM, Parizi MK. Characterization of uropathogenic
E. coli
O25b‐B2‐ST131, O15:K52:H1, and CGA: Neutrophils apoptosis, serum bactericidal assay, biofilm formation, and virulence typing. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18272-18282. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahin Najar‐Peerayeh
- Department of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Kardoust Parizi
- Department of Urology Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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7
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Raeispour M, Ranjbar R. Antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and genotyping of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2018; 7:118. [PMID: 30305891 PMCID: PMC6171155 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-018-0411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The way of treating different types of infectious diseases is really important. Using genotyping method, we can determine the genetic relatedness between the organisms with different resistance profile from different sources. The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic resistance and genotyping of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Method Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains were recovered from the patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) whom admitted in several major hospitals in Tehran. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done according to CLSI guideline. The present of some virulence factor have been detected using PCR assay. Genotyping of the strains was performed by PFGE and all PFGE profiles were subjected to data processing. Result In total, 60 E. coli strains were subjected to the study. Most of E. coli isolates were resistant to cefepime (100%) and cephalothin (74%) and susceptible to imipenem (100%), vancomycin (100%) and doxycycline (100%). Among the UPEC isolates the prevalence of fimbriae type I (fimH), hemolysin (hlyA) and aerobactin (aer) genes were 89%, 60% and 90%, respectively. The PFGE differentiated E. coli strains into 33 different genetic clusters. Majority (30%) of them including PFGE type 11 generated 15 bands, while PFGE type 2 was the lowest (2%) prevalent group with 9 bands. Conclusion The result showed that the antibiotic resistance is escalating rapidly. UPEC strains causing infections are more likely to harbor certain virulence genes. Our finding also showed E. coli strains isolated under the study were belonged to the diverse clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Raeispour
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Nunes KO, Santos ACP, Bando SY, Silva RM, Gomes TAT, Elias WP. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli with uropathogenic characteristics are present in feces of diarrheic and healthy children. Pathog Dis 2018; 75:4111144. [PMID: 28961708 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftx106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) has been recently associated with urinary tract infections (UTI). Since EAEC are found in feces of both diarrheic and asymptomatic individuals, their presence in the intestine may be a source of UTI. In this study, we detected in feces of diarrheic and healthy children a subset of EAEC strains with genetic markers of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). MLST grouped these EAEC with ExPEC markers in three main clusters along with prototypes strains of EAEC, uropathogenic E. coli and UTI-causing EAEC. Interestingly, the latter cluster was composed by EAEC with ExPEC markers belonging to phylogroup A and closely related to the uropathogenic EAEC O78:H10 strain. Such attributes suggest that these strains have uropathogenic abilities. Therefore, intestinal carriers of these strains are potentially in risk to develop UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila O Nunes
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP-05503-900, Brazil
| | - Adriana C P Santos
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP-05503-900, Brazil
| | - Silvia Y Bando
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP- 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Rosa M Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP- 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Tânia A T Gomes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP- 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Waldir P Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP-05503-900, Brazil
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Shookohi M, Rashki A. Prevalence of Toxigenic Genes in Escherichia Coli Isolates From Hospitalized Patients in Zabol, Iran. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENTERIC PATHOGENS 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/ijep29222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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10
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Tajbakhsh E, Ahmadi P, Abedpour-Dehkordi E, Arbab-Soleimani N, Khamesipour F. Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility, serogroups and virulence genes of uropathogenic E. coli isolated from clinical samples in Iran. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2016; 5:11. [PMID: 27042294 PMCID: PMC4818419 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-016-0109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uropathogenic Escherichia coli O- Serogroups with their virulence factors are the most prevalent causes of UTIs. The present research performed to track common uropathogenic E.coli serogroups, antibiotic resistance pattern of strains and prevalence of virulence genes in isolations having the ability to constitute biofilm. METHODS In this research 130 E.coli isolation from patients having UTI symptoms were collected and antimicrobial resistance pattern was performed by Kirby-Bauer method. Polymerase chain reaction was done using primer pairs to identify common serogroups of uropathogenic E.coli and studying virulence genes in isolations creating biofilm. RESULTS Among 130 E.coli isolates, 80 (61.53 %) were able to make biofilm that 15 isolates (18.75 %) indicated strong reaction, 20 (25 %) of medium and 45 (56.25 %) of weak biofilm reaction. Among isolations creating biofilm, the highest resistance reported to Ampicillin (87.5 %) and the lowest to Nitrofurantoin (3.75 %). The frequency of fimH, pap, sfa and afa genes in isolations having the ability to create strong biofilm reported 93.33 %, 86.66 %, 86.66 % and 66.66 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated the importance of virulence genes in serogroups producing uropathogenic E.coli biofilm. It is recommended that strains producing biofilm before antibiotic use should be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Tajbakhsh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Parvin Ahmadi
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | | | - Faham Khamesipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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11
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Paniagua-Contreras GL, Monroy-Pérez E, Rodríguez-Moctezuma JR, Domínguez-Trejo P, Vaca-Paniagua F, Vaca S. Virulence factors, antibiotic resistance phenotypes and O-serogroups of Escherichia coli strains isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infection patients in Mexico. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2015; 50:478-485. [PMID: 26433755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains isolated from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) were assessed to determine the prevalence of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance, and the O-serogroup of the strains. METHODS Consenting patients with community-acquired UTI were enrolled at Unidad Médica Familiar Number 64 (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Estado de Mexico, Mexico) and 321 urine samples were collected. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to assess 24 virulence genes and 14 O-serogroups. The Kirby-Bauer method was used to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated strains to 12 commonly used antibiotics. RESULTS A total of 194 strains were identified as E. coli using standard biochemical tests, followed by PCR amplification of 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Only 58.2% of the strains belonged to the assessed 14 O-serogroups. The serogroups O25, O15, O8, and O75 were present in 20.6%, 17%, 6.1%, and 4.6% of strains, respectively. The most frequently occurring virulence genes among UPEC strains included kpsMT (92.2% strains), usp (87.1%), irp2 (79.3%), iha (64.9%), fim (61.3%), set (36%), astA (33.5%), pap (24.7%), and papGII (21.1%). In addition, 97% of the strains were multi-drug resistant (coresistance to 3-11 antibiotics). CONCLUSION The isolated UPEC strains predominantly belonged to three serogroups (O25, O15, and O8), harboured numerous virulence genes, and are multiresistant to antibiotics. The findings of this study could be used to orient UTI treatment strategies and in epidemiological studies in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Monroy-Pérez
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Pablo Domínguez-Trejo
- Unidad Médica Familiar Number 64, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Juárez, Mexico
| | | | - Sergio Vaca
- FES Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
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Mirzarazi M, Rezatofighi SE, Pourmahdi M, Mohajeri MR. Occurrence of genes encoding enterotoxins in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates. Braz J Microbiol 2015. [PMID: 26221102 PMCID: PMC4512059 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246120130860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the presence of some toxins of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli
(DEC) in uropathogenic E. coli
(UPEC), 138 urinary tract infection (UTI)-causing UPECs were analyzed. The astA
, set
, sen
and cdtB
genes were detected in 13 (9.4%), 2 (1.3%), 13 (9.4%) and 0 (0%) of UPEC isolates respectively. The results show that some genes encoding toxins can be transferred from DEC pathotypes to UPECs therefore these isolates can transform into potential diarrhea-causing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mirzarazi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Pourmahdi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Omar KB, Barnard TG. Detection of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli in clinical and environmental water sources in South Africa using single-step 11-gene m-PCR. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 30:2663-71. [PMID: 24969140 PMCID: PMC4150989 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1690-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) consists of commensal (ComEC) and diarrhoeagenic (DEC) groups. ComEC are detected using traditional culture methods. Conformational steps are performed after culturing if it is required to test for the presence of DEC, increasing cost and time in obtaining the results. The aim of this study was to develop a single-step multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) that can simultaneously amplify genes associated with DEC and ComEC, with the inclusion of controls to monitor inhibition. A total of 701 samples, taken from clinical and environmental water sources in South Africa, were analysed with the optimised m-PCR which targeted the eaeA, stx1, stx2, lt, st, ial, eagg, astA and bfp virulence genes. The mdh and gapdh genes were included as an internal and external control, respectively. The presence of the external control gapdh gene in all samples excluded any possible PCR inhibition. The internal control mdh gene was detected in 100 % of the environmental and 85 % of the clinical isolates, confirming the classification of isolates as E. coli PCR positive samples. All DEC types were detected in varying degrees from the mdh positive environmental and clinical isolates. Important gene code combinations were detected for clinical isolates of 0.4 % lt and eagg. However, 2.3 % of eaeA and ial, and 8.7 % of eaeA and eagg were reported for environmental water samples. The E. coli astA toxin was detected as positive at 35 and 17 % in environmental isolates and clinical isolates, respectively. Interestingly, 25 % of the E. coli astA toxin detected in environmental isolates and 17 % in clinical isolates did not contain any of the other virulence genes tested. In conclusion, the optimised single-step 11-gene m-PCR reactions could be successfully used for the identification of pathogenic and non-pathogenic E. coli types. The m-PCR was also successful in showing monitoring for PCR inhibition to ensure correct reporting of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. B. Omar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Water and Health Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028 South Africa
| | - T. G. Barnard
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Water and Health Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028 South Africa
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Dormanesh B, Safarpoor Dehkordi F, Hosseini S, Momtaz H, Mirnejad R, Hoseini MJ, Yahaghi E, Tarhriz V, Khodaverdi Darian E. Virulence factors and o-serogroups profiles of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from Iranian pediatric patients. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e14627. [PMID: 24719745 PMCID: PMC3965878 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.14627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli O- Serogroups with their virulence factors are the most prevalent causes of UTIs. Objectives: The present investigation was performed to study the virulence factors and O-Serogroups profiles of UPEC isolated from Iranian pediatric patients. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional investigation was performed on 100 urine samples collected from hospitalized pediatrics of Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Midstream urine was collected to decrease potential bacterial, cellular and artifactual contamination. All samples were cultured and those with positive results were subjected to polymerase chain reactions to detect pap, cnf1, afa, sfa and hlyA genes and various O- Serogroups. Results: We found that 37.5% of boys and 75% of girls had positive results for Escherichia coli. We also found that O1 (19.33%), O2 (13.33%), O6 (13.33%), O4 (11.66%), and O18 (11.66 %) were the most commonly detected Serogroups. Totally, the serogroup of 5% of all strains were not detected. In addition, all of these O- Serogroups were pap+, cnf1+, hlyA+, and afa+. Totally, pap (70 %), cnf1 (56.66 %), and hlyA (43.33 %) were the most commonly detected virulence genes in the both studied groups of children. The sfa (30 %) and afa (26.66 %) genes had the lowest incidence rates. Conclusions: Special health care should be performed on UTIs management in Iranian pediatric patients. Extended researches should be performed to evaluate relation between other O-Serogroups and virulent genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafshe Dormanesh
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Sahar Hosseini
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, IR Iran
| | - Hassan Momtaz
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, IR Iran
| | - Reza Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Hoseini
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Emad Yahaghi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Ebrahim Khodaverdi Darian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Ebrahim Khodaverdi Darian, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, IR Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-26334403125, E-mail:
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15
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Characterization of Escherichia coli isolates from hospital inpatients or outpatients with urinary tract infection. J Clin Microbiol 2013; 52:407-18. [PMID: 24478469 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02069-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common cause of community- and hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs). Isolates from uncomplicated community-acquired UTIs express a variety of virulence traits that promote the efficient colonization of the urinary tract. In contrast, nosocomial UTIs can be caused by E. coli strains that differ in their virulence traits from the community-acquired UTI isolates. UPEC virulence markers are used to distinguish these facultative extraintestinal pathogens, which belong to the intestinal flora of many healthy individuals, from intestinal pathogenic E. coli (IPEC). IPEC is a diarrheagenic pathogen with a characteristic virulence gene set that is absent in UPEC. Here, we characterized 265 isolates from patients with UTIs during inpatient or outpatient treatment at a hospital regarding their phylogenies and IPEC or UPEC virulence traits. Interestingly, 28 of these isolates (10.6%) carried typical IPEC virulence genes that are characteristic of enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (aEPEC), although IPEC is not considered a uropathogen. Twenty-three isolates harbored the astA gene coding for the EAEC heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1), and most of them carried virulence genes that are characteristic of UPEC and/or EAEC. Our results indicate that UPEC isolates from hospital patients differ from archetypal community-acquired isolates from uncomplicated UTIs by their spectrum of virulence traits. They represent a diverse group, including EAEC, as well as other IPEC pathotypes, which in addition contain typical UPEC virulence genes. The combination of typical extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and IPEC virulence determinants in some isolates demonstrates the marked genome plasticity of E. coli and calls for a reevaluation of the strict pathotype classification of EAEC.
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Momtaz H, Karimian A, Madani M, Safarpoor Dehkordi F, Ranjbar R, Sarshar M, Souod N. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Iran: serogroup distributions, virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance properties. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2013; 12:8. [PMID: 23627669 PMCID: PMC3651382 DOI: 10.1186/1476-0711-12-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections with global expansion. These infections are predominantly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). METHODS Totally, 123 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from UTIs patients, using bacterial culture method were subjected to polymerase chain reactions for detection of various O- serogroups, some urovirulence factors, antibiotic resistance genes and resistance to 13 different antibiotics. RESULTS According to data, the distribution of O1, O2, O6, O7 and O16 serogroups were 2.43%, besides O22, O75 and O83 serogroups were 1.62%. Furthermore, the distribution of O4, O8, O15, O21 and O25 serogroups were 5.69%, 3.25%, 21.13%, 4.06% and 26.01%, respectively. Overall, the fim virulence gene had the highest (86.17%) while the usp virulence gene had the lowest distributions of virulence genes in UPEC strains isolated from UTIs patients. The vat and sen virulence genes were not detected in any UPEC strains. Totally, aadA1 (52.84%), and qnr (46.34%) were the most prevalent antibiotic resistance genes while the distribution of cat1 (15.44%), cmlA (15.44%) and dfrA1 (21.95%) were the least. Resistance to penicillin (100%) and tetracycline (73.98%) had the highest while resistance to nitrofurantoin (5.69%) and trimethoprim (16.26%) had the lowest frequencies. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that the UPEC strains which harbored the high numbers of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes had the high ability to cause diseases that are resistant to most antibiotics. In the current situation, it seems that the administration of penicillin and tetracycline for the treatment of UTIs is vain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Momtaz
- Department of Microbiology, ShahreKord Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 166, ShahreKord, Iran.
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Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O78:H10, the cause of an outbreak of urinary tract infection. J Clin Microbiol 2012; 50:3703-11. [PMID: 22972830 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01909-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1991, multiresistant Escherichia coli O78:H10 strains caused an outbreak of urinary tract infections in Copenhagen, Denmark. The phylogenetic origin, clonal background, and virulence characteristics of the outbreak isolates, and their relationship to nonoutbreak O78:H10 strains according to these traits and resistance profiles, are unknown. Accordingly, we extensively characterized 51 archived E. coli O78:H10 isolates (48 human isolates from seven countries, including 19 Copenhagen outbreak isolates, and 1 each of calf, avian, and unknown-source isolates), collected from 1956 through 2000. E. coli O78:H10 was clonally heterogeneous, comprising one dominant clonal group (61% of isolates, including all 19 outbreak isolates) from ST10 (phylogenetic group A) plus several minor clonal groups (phylogenetic groups A and D). All ST10 isolates, versus 25% of non-ST10 isolates, were identified by molecular methods as enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (P < 0.001). Genes present in >90% of outbreak isolates included fimH (type 1 fimbriae; ubiquitous in E. coli); fyuA, traT, and iutA (associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli [ExPEC]); and sat, pic, aatA, aggR, aggA, ORF61, aaiC, aap, and ORF3 (associated with EAEC). An outbreak isolate was lethal in a murine subcutaneous sepsis model and exhibited characteristic EAEC "stacked brick" adherence to cultured epithelial cells. Thus, the 1991 Copenhagen outbreak was caused by a tight, non-animal-associated subset within a broadly disseminated O78:H10 clonal group (ST10; phylogenetic group A), members of which exhibit both ExPEC and EAEC characteristics, whereas O78:H10 isolates overall are phylogenetically diverse. Whether ST10 O78:H10 EAEC strains are both uropathogenic and diarrheagenic warrants further investigation.
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Identification of Escherichia coli genes associated with urinary tract infections. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 50:449-56. [PMID: 22075599 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00640-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs). E. coli genes epidemiologically associated with UTIs are potentially valuable in developing strategies for treating and/or preventing such infections as well as differentiating uropathogenic E. coli from nonuropathogenic E. coli. To identify E. coli genes associated with UTIs in humans, we combined microarray-based and PCR-based analyses to investigate different E. coli source groups derived from feces of healthy humans and from patients with cystitis, pyelonephritis, or urosepsis. The cjrABC-senB gene cluster, sivH, sisA, sisB, eco274, and fbpB, were identified to be associated with UTIs. Of these, cjrABC-senB, sisA, sisB, and fbpB are known to be involved in urovirulence in the mouse model of ascending UTI. Our results provide evidence to support their roles as urovirulence factors in human UTIs. In addition, the newly identified UTI-associated genes were mainly found in members of phylogenetic groups B2 and/or D.
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