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Xie J, Li B, Li J, Zhang K, Ran L, Ge B. Effect of Combining Wuyiencin and Pyrimethanil on Controlling Grape Gray Mold and Delaying Resistance Development in Botrytis cinerea. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1383. [PMID: 39065151 PMCID: PMC11279109 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
By screening the compounding combination of Wuyiencin and chemical agents, this study aims to delay the emergence of chemical agent resistance, and provide a technical reference for scientific and rational fungicides technology. This study investigated the impacts of the antibiotic wuyiencin derived from Streptomyces albulus var. wuyiensis and its combination with pyrimethanil on the inhibition of Botrytis cinerea. Treatment with wuyiencin (≥80 µg mL-1) strongly inhibited the pathogenicity of B. cinerea and activated the plant defense response against B. cinerea. Application of 80-100 µg mL-1 wuyiencin effectively controlled grape gray mold (by 57.6-88.1% on leaves and 46.7-96.6% on fruits). Consequently, the application of 80-100 µg mL-1 wuyiencin effectively mitigated grape gray mold incidence, leading to a substantial reduction in disease symptoms to nearly imperceptible levels. When wuyiencin (at the median effective concentration [EC50]) was combined with pyrimethanil (EC50) at a ratio of 7:3, it exhibited the highest efficacy in inhibiting B. cinerea growth. This combination was significantly more potent (p < 0.05) than using wuyiencin or pyrimethanil alone in controlling gray mold on grape leaves and fruits. Furthermore, the combination effectively delayed resistance development in gray mold. The experimental results show that wuyiencin can delay resistance development by affecting the expression of methionine biosynthesis genes and reducing the activity of the cell wall-degrading enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.X.); (B.L.); (K.Z.)
| | - Boya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.X.); (B.L.); (K.Z.)
- College of Forestry Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Kecheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.X.); (B.L.); (K.Z.)
| | - Longxian Ran
- College of Forestry Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Beibei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.X.); (B.L.); (K.Z.)
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Characterization and Assessment of 2, 4-Diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG)-Producing Pseudomonas fluorescens VSMKU3054 for the Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081508. [PMID: 35893565 PMCID: PMC9330548 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial bio-products are becoming an appealing and viable alternative to chemical pesticides for effective management of crop diseases. These bio-products are known to have potential to minimize agrochemical applications without losing crop yield and also restore soil fertility and productivity. In this study, the inhibitory efficacy of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens VSMKU3054 against Ralstonia solanacearum was assessed. Biochemical and functional characterization study revealed that P. fluorescens produced hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA) and hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, protease, cellulase and chitinase, and had the ability to solubilize phosphate. The presence of the key antimicrobial encoding gene in the biosynthesis of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) was identified by PCR. The maximum growth and antimicrobial activity of P. fluorescens was observed in king’s B medium at pH 7, 37 °C and 36 h of growth. Glucose and tryptone were found to be the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. DAPG was separated by silica column chromatography and identified by various methods such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. When R. solanacearum cells were exposed to DAPG at 90 µg/mL, the cell viability was decreased, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased and chromosomal DNA was damaged. Application of P. fluorescens and DAPG significantly reduced the bacterial wilt incidence. In addition, P. fluorescens was also found effective in promoting the growth of tomato seedlings. It is concluded that the indigenous isolate P. fluorescens VSMKU3054 could be used as a suitable biocontrol agent against bacterial wilt disease of tomato.
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Wang Z, Zhang Y, Bo G, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Shen M, Zhang P, Li G, Zhou J, Li Z, Yang J. Ralstonia solanacearum Infection Disturbed the Microbiome Structure Throughout the Whole Tobacco Crop Niche as Well as the Nitrogen Metabolism in Soil. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:903555. [PMID: 35800334 PMCID: PMC9253565 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.903555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections of Ralstonia solanacearum result in huge agricultural and economic losses. As known, the proposal of effective biological measures for the control of soil disease depends on the complex interactions between pathogens, soil microbiota and soil properties, which remains to be studied. Previous studies have shown that the phosphorus availability increased pathobiome abundance and infection of rhizosphere microbial networks by Ralstonia. Similarly, as a nutrient necessary for plant growth, nitrogen has also been suggested to be strongly associated with Ralstonia infection. To further reveal the relationship between soil nitrogen content, soil nitrogen metabolism and Ralstonia pathogens, we investigated the effects of R. solanacearum infection on the whole tobacco niche and its soil nitrogen metabolism. The results demonstrated that Ralstonia infection resulted in a reduction of the ammonium nitrogen in soil and the total nitrogen in plant. The microbes in rhizosphere and the plant’s endophytes were also significantly disturbed by the infection. Rhodanobacter which is involved in nitrogen metabolism significantly decreased. Moreover, the load of microbial nitrogen metabolism genes in the rhizosphere soil significantly varied after the infection, resulting in a stronger denitrification process in the diseased soil. These results suggest that the application management strategies of nitrogen fertilizing and a balanced regulation of the rhizosphere and the endophytic microbes could be promising strategies in the biological control of soil-borne secondary disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobao Wang
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guodong Bo
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Minchong Shen
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Guitong Li
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhengfeng Li
- China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming, China
| | - Jianming Yang
- Energy-Rich Compounds Production by Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Jianming Yang,
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Yuan W, Ruan S, Qi G, Wang R, Zhao X. Plant growth-promoting and antibacterial activities of cultivable bacteria alive in tobacco field against Ralstonia solanacearum. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:1411-1429. [PMID: 35112429 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum leads to decrease of crops yield. Investigation of cultivable bacteria diversity provides more microbial species for screening antagonistic bacteria. In the present study, a variety of cultivation methods were used to investigate the diversity of cultivable bacteria alive in tobacco field. A total of 441 bacterial strains were obtained that belonged to four phyla, 49 genera and 146 species. Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla. Agrobacterium, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Paenarthrobacter, Pseudomonas and Pseudarthrobacter were the dominant genera. Some rare genera were discovered including Bosea, Cedecea, Delftia and Dyella. Diversity, species and abundances of bacteria altered under different cultivation conditions. One hundred three bacterial strains showed plant growth-promoting attributes. Twenty Bacillus strains showed high antibacterial activity against R. solanacearum. In field experiments, individual strain and consortia of Bacillus subtilis, B. siamensis and B. vallismortis effectively inhibited bacterial wilt. The core genes that controlled synthesis of secondary metabolites were knocked out in B. vallismortis SSB-10. Difficidin, which was synthesized by dif operon and controlled by sfp gene, was the antibacterial substance produced by SSB-10. Difficidin destroyed cell wall and cell membrane of R. solanacearum and inhibited its motility, production of extracellular polysaccharides and cellulase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Yuan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Song Ruan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gaofu Qi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiuyun Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Lou H, Wang X, Chen J, Wang B, Wang W. Transcriptomic response of Ralstonia solanacearum to antimicrobial Pseudomonas fluorescens SN15-2 metabolites. Can J Microbiol 2018; 64:816-825. [PMID: 29852076 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2018-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To develop efficient biocontrol agents, it is essential to investigate the response of soil-borne plant pathogens to such agents. For example, the response of Ralstonia solanacearum, the tomato wilt pathogen, to antimicrobial metabolites of Pseudomonas fluorescens is unknown. Thus, we assessed the effects of P. fluorescens SN15-2 fermentation broth on R. solanacearum by transmission electron microscopy and transcriptome technology. RNA sequencing identified 109 and 155 genes that are significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in response to P. fluorescens metabolites, many of which are associated with the cell membrane and cell wall, and with nucleotide acid metabolism, iron absorption, and response to oxidative stress. This study highlights the effectiveness of P. fluorescens metabolites against the tomato wilt pathogen and helps clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Lou
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jun Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bozhi Wang
- b School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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