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de Oliveira CH, Moreno LZ, Cardoso PHM, Silva APS, Gomes VTM, Barbosa MRF, Balian SC, Moreno AM. Characterization of Aeromonas Isolates from Ornamental Fish: Species, Virulence Genes, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility. Microorganisms 2024; 12:176. [PMID: 38258002 PMCID: PMC10819562 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize 300 Aeromonas spp. strains isolated from 123 ornamental fish of 32 different species presenting with septicemia, skin lesions, and/or eye lesions. Within the 300 strains, 53.0% were identified as A. veronii, 41.3% as A. hydrophila, and 5.7% as A. caviae. Among the six virulence genes investigated, the most frequent were act (90.3%) and aer (79.3%). More than 50% of A. hydrophila strains were positive for all the studied genes. A total of 30 virulence profiles were identified, with the five main profiles identified comprising 75% of strains. Only five strains were negative for all genes and were identified as A. caviae and A. veronii. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was performed for 234 strains, with sulfonamides presenting more than 50% of the resistance rates. Susceptibility was observed mainly for cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol and piperacillin-tazobactam. Multidrug resistance was detected in 82.5% of the studied strains, including A. caviae with 100% multidrug resistance, and A. hydrophila with 90.9% multidrug resistance. The SE-AFLP analysis resulted in 66 genotypes of A. hydrophila, 118 genotypes of A. veronii, and 14 genotypes of A. caviae, demonstrating the greater heterogeneity of A. veronii and A. caviae. However, no direct correlation was observed between the genotypes and the strains' origins or virulence and resistance profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina H. de Oliveira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (C.H.d.O.); (L.Z.M.); (P.H.M.C.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Luisa Z. Moreno
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (C.H.d.O.); (L.Z.M.); (P.H.M.C.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Pedro H. M. Cardoso
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (C.H.d.O.); (L.Z.M.); (P.H.M.C.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Ana Paula S. Silva
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (C.H.d.O.); (L.Z.M.); (P.H.M.C.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Vasco T. M. Gomes
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (C.H.d.O.); (L.Z.M.); (P.H.M.C.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Mikaela R. F. Barbosa
- Division of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Environmental Analysis, Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB), Av. Prof. Frederico Hermann Júnior 345, São Paulo 05459-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Simone C. Balian
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (C.H.d.O.); (L.Z.M.); (P.H.M.C.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Andrea M. Moreno
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil; (C.H.d.O.); (L.Z.M.); (P.H.M.C.); (A.P.S.S.); (V.T.M.G.); (S.C.B.)
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