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Antioxidant activity of fruit jellies enriched with phytochemicals from Pinus sylvestris L. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Roberts TM, Kaltenbach HM, Rudolf F. Development and optimisation of a defined high cell density yeast medium. Yeast 2020; 37:336-347. [PMID: 32065695 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells grown in a small volume of chemically defined media neither reach the desired cell density nor grow at a fast enough rate to scale down the volume and increase the sample number of classical biochemical assays, as the detection limit of the readout often requires a high number of cells as an input. To ameliorate this problem, we developed and optimised a new high cell density (HCD) medium for S. cerevisiae. Starting from a widely used synthetic medium composition, we systematically varied the concentrations of all components without the addition of other compounds. We used response surface methodology to develop and optimise the five components of the medium: glucose, yeast nitrogen base, amino acids, monosodium glutamate, and inositol. We monitored growth, cell number, and cell size to ensure that the optimisation was towards a greater density of cells rather than just towards an increase in biomass (i.e., larger cells). Cells grown in the final medium, HCD, exhibit growth more similar to the complex medium yeast extract peptone dextrose (YPD) than to the synthetic defined (SD) medium. Whereas the final cell density of HCD prior to the diauxic shift is increased compared with YPD and SD about threefold and tenfold, respectively. We found normal cell-cycle behaviour throughout the growth phases by monitoring DNA content and protein expression using fluorescent reporters. We also ensured that HCD media could be used with a variety of strains and that they allow selection for all common yeast auxotrophic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Michelle Roberts
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstr. 26, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Michael Kaltenbach
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstr. 26, Basel, 4058, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Rudolf
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstr. 26, Basel, 4058, Switzerland.,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
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Getz RA, Kwak G, Cornell S, Mbugua S, Eberhard J, Huang SX, Abbasi Z, de Medeiros AS, Thomas R, Bukowski B, Dranchak PK, Inglese J, Hoffman CS. A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening. Cell Signal 2019; 60:114-121. [PMID: 31026495 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe uses a cAMP signaling pathway to link glucose-sensing to Protein Kinase A activity in order to regulate cell growth, sexual development, gluconeogenesis, and exit from stationary phase. We previously used a PKA-repressed fbp1-ura4 reporter to conduct high throughput screens (HTSs) for inhibitors of heterologously-expressed mammalian cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Here, we describe the successful expression of all ten mammalian adenylyl cyclase (AC) genes, along with the human GNAS Gαs gene. By measuring expression of an fbp1-GFP reporter together with direct measurements of intracellular cAMP levels, we can detect both basal AC activity from all ten AC genes as well as GNAS-stimulated activity from eight of the nine transmembrane ACs (tmACs; AC2-AC9). The ability to use this platform to conduct HTS for novel chemical probes that reduce PKA activity was demonstrated by a pilot screen of the LOPAC®1280 library, leading to the identification of diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) as an inhibitor of basal AC activity. This screening technology could open the door to the development of therapeutic compounds that target GNAS or the ACs, an area in which there is significant unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Getz
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Grace Kwak
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Stacie Cornell
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Samuel Mbugua
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | - Jeremy Eberhard
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | - Sheng Xiang Huang
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | - Zainab Abbasi
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | | | - Rony Thomas
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | - Brett Bukowski
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | - Patricia K Dranchak
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - James Inglese
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Charles S Hoffman
- Biology Department, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
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Manganese Suppresses the Haploinsufficiency of Heterozygous trpy1Δ/TRPY1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells and Stimulates the TRPY1-Dependent Release of Vacuolar Ca 2+ under H₂O₂ Stress. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020079. [PMID: 30678234 PMCID: PMC6406398 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient potential receptor (TRP) channels are conserved cation channels found in most eukaryotes, known to sense a variety of chemical, thermal or mechanical stimuli. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae TRPY1 is a TRP channel with vacuolar localization involved in the cellular response to hyperosmotic shock and oxidative stress. In this study, we found that S. cerevisiae diploid cells with heterozygous deletion in TRPY1 gene are haploinsufficient when grown in synthetic media deficient in essential metal ions and that this growth defect is alleviated by non-toxic Mn2+ surplus. Using cells expressing the Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein aequorin we found that Mn2+ augmented the Ca2+ flux into the cytosol under oxidative stress, but not under hyperosmotic shock, a trait that was absent in the diploid cells with homozygous deletion of TRPY1 gene. TRPY1 activation under oxidative stress was diminished in cells devoid of Smf1 (the Mn2+-high-affinity plasma membrane transporter) but it was clearly augmented in cells lacking Pmr1 (the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi located ATPase responsible for Mn2+ detoxification via excretory pathway). Taken together, these observations lead to the conclusion that increased levels of intracytosolic Mn2+ activate TRPY1 in the response to oxidative stress.
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