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Akosah YA, Kostennikova ZS, Lutfullin MT, Lutfullina GF, Afordoanyi DM, Vologin SG, Mardanova AM. Induced Expression of CYP51a and HK1 Genes Associated with Penconazole and Fludioxonil Resistance in the Potato Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1257. [PMID: 37317231 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing antifungal resistance development and identifying pathogens with high, medium, and low risk of resistance development to a particular fungicide or fungicide class is crucial in the fight against phytopathogens. We characterized the sensitivity of potato wilt-associated Fusarium oxysporum isolates to fludioxonil and penconazole and assessed the effect of these fungicides on the expression of fungal sterol-14-α-demethylase (CYP51a) and histidine kinase (HK1) genes. Penconazole stunted the growth of F. oxysporum strains at all concentrations used. While all isolates were susceptible to this fungicide, concentrations of up to 1.0 μg/mL were insufficient to cause a 50% inhibition. At low concentrations (0.63 and 1.25 μg/mL), fludioxonil stimulated growth in F. oxysporum. With an increase in the concentration of fludioxonil, only one strain (F. oxysporum S95) exhibited moderate sensitivity to the fungicide. Interaction of F. oxysporum with penconazole and fludioxonil leads to respective elevated expressions of the CYP51a and HK1 genes, which upsurge with increasing concentration of the fungicides. The data obtained indicate that fludioxonil may no longer be suitable for potato protection and its continuous use could only lead to an increased resistance with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw A Akosah
- Department of Molecular Pathology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Zarina S Kostennikova
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Marat T Lutfullin
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Guzel F Lutfullina
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Daniel M Afordoanyi
- Department of Agrobiological Research, Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420059, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Methods, Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420059, Russia
| | - Semyon G Vologin
- Department of Agrochemical and Biochemical Analysis, Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture, Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420059, Russia
| | - Ayslu M Mardanova
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
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MaSln1, a Conserved Histidine Protein Kinase, Contributes to Conidiation Pattern Shift Independent of the MAPK Pathway in Metarhizium acridum. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0205121. [PMID: 35343772 PMCID: PMC9045129 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02051-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a conserved sensor kinase in the HOG-MAPK pathway, Sln1 plays distinct functions in different fungi. In this study, the roles of MaSln1 in Metarhizium acridum were analyzed using gene knockout and rescue strategies. Deletion of MaSln1 did not affect conidial germination, conidial yield, or resistance to chemical agents. However, fungal tolerance to heat shock and UV-B were significantly reduced after deletion of MaSln1. Insect bioassays showed that fungal pathogenicity was significantly impaired when MaSln1 was deleted. Further studies showed that MaSln1 did not affect either germination or appressorium formation of M. acridum on locust wings, but it significantly increased appressorium turgor pressure. In addition, disruption of MaSln1 resulted in a conidiation pattern shift in M. acridum. Microscopic observation revealed, however, that some genes located in the MAPK signaling pathway, including MaSho1, MaHog1, MaMk1, and MaSlt2, were not involved in the conidiation pattern shift on SYA medium (microcycle medium). Meanwhile, of the 143 differently expressed genes (DEGs) identified by RNA-seq, no genes related to the MAPK pathway were found, suggesting that MaSln1 regulation of the conidiation pattern shift was probably independent of the conserved MAPK signaling pathway. It was found that 22 of the 98 known DEGs regulated by MaSln1 were involved in mycelial growth, cell division, and cytoskeleton formation, indicating that MaSln1 likely regulates the expression of genes related to cell division and morphogenesis, thus regulating the conidiation pattern shift in M. acridum. IMPORTANCE The productivity and quality of conidia are both crucial for mycopesticides. In this study, we systematically analyzed the roles of MaSln1 in fungal pathogens. Most importantly, our results revealed that deletion of MaSln1 resulted in a conidiation pattern shift in M. acridum. However, some other genes, located in the MAPK signaling pathway, were not involved in the conidiation pattern shift. RNA-seq revealed no genes related to the MAPK pathway, suggesting that the regulation of the conidiation pattern shift by MaSln1 was probably independent of the conserved MAPK signaling pathway. This study provided a new insight into the functions of Sln1 and laid a foundation for exploring the mechanisms of conidiation pattern shifts in M. acridum.
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Jiang L, Zhang S, Su J, Peck SC, Luo L. Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways in Plant- Colletotrichum Interaction. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:829645. [PMID: 35126439 PMCID: PMC8811371 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.829645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthracnose is a fungal disease caused by members of Colletotrichum that affect a wide range of crop plants. Strategies to improve crop resistance are needed to reduce the yield losses; and one strategy is to manipulate protein kinases that catalyze reversible phosphorylation of proteins regulating both plant immune responses and fungal pathogenesis. Hence, in this review, we present a summary of the current knowledge of protein kinase signaling pathways in plant-Colletotrichum interaction as well as the relation to a more general understanding of protein kinases that contribute to plant immunity and pathogen virulence. We highlight the potential of combining genomic resources and phosphoproteomics research to unravel the key molecular components of plant-Colletotrichum interactions. Understanding the molecular interactions between plants and Colletotrichum would not only facilitate molecular breeding of resistant cultivars but also help the development of novel strategies for controlling the anthracnose disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Jiang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Shizi Zhang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jianbin Su
- Division of Plant Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Scott C. Peck
- Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Lijuan Luo
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Nabi A, Lateef I, Nisa Q, Banoo A, Rasool RS, Shah MD, Ahmad M, Padder BA. Phaseolus vulgaris-Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Pathosystem in the Post-Genomic Era: An Update. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:36. [PMID: 34982236 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phaseolus vulgaris-Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one among the oldest host and pathogen interface. Researchers have taken painstaking efforts across the world for understanding the dialogue during early and late phases of interaction. Collectively, these efforts resulted in the deluge of information that helped the researchers to underpin the interface. The latest molecular biology techniques furnished novel detection methods for the anthracnose pathogen, refined the understanding of pathogen population dynamics, and provided the insights on co-evolutionary common bean resistance and C. lindemuthianum virulence dynamics. One of the important breakthroughs came when the Phaseolus vulgaris and its corresponding anthracnose pathogen (C. lindemuthianum) genomes were decoded in 2014 and 2017, respectively. Availability of both the genomes yielded a significant genomic information that helped bean communities to fine map the economically important traits and to identify the pathogenicity determinants and effector molecules. The interface is in a continuous development as knowledge of the anthracnose resistance genes, their precise physical locations, and the identification of effector proteins; the fungus arsenals are being routinely updated. Hence, we revisited the interface and tried to provide an overview of host pathogen dialogue in the genomic era. Additionally, we compiled the sporadic information on this pathosystem from India and provided its futuristic road map to shape its research in the world and northern India, the major dry bean area in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasiya Nabi
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Irtifa Lateef
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Qadrul Nisa
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Aqleema Banoo
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Rovidha S Rasool
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - M D Shah
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India
| | - Bilal A Padder
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 190025, India.
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Nabi A, Banoo A, Rasool RS, Dar MS, Mubashir SS, Masoodi KZ, Shah MD, Khan AA, Khan I, Padder BA. Optimizing the Agrobacterium tumifaciens mediated transformation conditions in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum: A step forward to unravel the functions of pathogenicity arsenals. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 75:293-307. [PMID: 34398478 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is a hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen that causes bean anthracnose and it is rated among the top 10 important diseases infecting beans. Currently our knowledge on molecular mechanisms underlying C. lindemuthianum pathogenesis is limited. About five pathogenicity genes have been identified in C. lindemuthianum using Restricted Enzyme Mediated Integration (REMI) and the transformation using Agroinfection has not been optimized. In this study, a series of experiments were conducted to optimize the key parameters affecting the Agrobacterium tumefaciens- mediated transformation (ATMT) for C. lindemuthianum. The transformation efficiency increased with increase in spore concentration and co-cultivation time. However, the optimum conditions that yielded significant number of transformants were 106 ml-1 spore concentration, co-cultivation time of 72 h, incubation at 25ºC and using a cellulose membrane filter for the co-cultivation. The optimized protocol resulted in establishment of large mutant library (2400). A few mutants were melanin deficient and a few were unable to produce conidia. To determine the altered pathogenicity, two new approaches such as detached leaf and twig techniques proved reliable and require fewer resources to screen the large mutant libraries in a short time. Among the 1200 transformants tested for virulence, 90% transformants were pathogenically similar to wild type (race 2047), 96 and 24 were reduced and impaired, respectively. The altered avirulent transformants can prove vital for understanding the missing link between growth and developmental stages of pathogen with virulence. This platform will help to develop strategies to determine the potential pathogenicity genes and to decipher molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasiya Nabi
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - Aqleema Banoo
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - Rovidha S Rasool
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - M S Dar
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - Syed Shoaib Mubashir
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - Khalid Z Masoodi
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - M D Shah
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - Akhtar A Khan
- Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - Imran Khan
- Division of Agricultural Statistics, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
| | - Bilal A Padder
- Plant Virology and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, 190 025
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The repertoire of effector candidates in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum reveals important information about Colletotrichum genus lifestyle. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:2295-2309. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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