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A simple sampling method for quantification of hazardous volatile organic compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke: Method development and prestudy validation. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Anand B, Kim KH, Sonwani RK, Szulejko JE, Heynderickx PM. Removal of gaseous benzene by a fixed-bed system packed with a highly porous metal-organic framework (MOF-199) coated glass beads. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112655. [PMID: 34998811 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The utility of nanomaterial adsorbents is often limited by their physical features, especially fine particle size. For example, a large bed-pressure drop is accompnied inevitably, if fine-particle sorbents are used in a packed bed system. To learn more about the effect of adsorbent morphology on uptake performance, we examined the adsorption efficiency of metal-organic framework 199 (MOF-199) in the pristine (fine powder) form and after its binding on to glass beads as an inert support. Most importantly, we investigated the effect of such coatings on adsorption of gaseous benzene (0.1-10 Pa) in a dry N2 stream, particularly as a function of the amount of MOF-199 loaded on glass beads (MOF-199@GB) (i.e., 0,% 1%, 3%, 10%, and 20%, w/w) at near-ambient conditions (298 K and 1 atm). A 1% MOF-199 load gave optimal performance against a 0.1 Pa benzene vapor stream in 1 atm of N2, with a two-to five-fold improvement (e.g., in terms of 10% breakthrough volume [BTV] (46 L atm [g.MOF-199)-1], partition coefficient at 100% BTV (3 mol [kg.MOF-199]-1 Pa-1), and adsorption capacity at 100% BTV (20 mg [g.MOF-199]-1 (areal capacity: 8.8 × 10-7 mol m-2) compared with those of 3%, 10%, and 20% loading. The relative performance of benzene adsorption was closely associated with the content of MOF-199@GB (e.g., 1% > 3% > 10% > 20%) and the surface availability (m2 [g.MOF-199]-1) such as 291 > 221 > 198 > 181, respectively. This study offers new insights into the strategies needed to expand the utility of finely powdered MOFs in various environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Anand
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ravi Kumar Sonwani
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy (IIPE), Visakhapatnam, 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jan E Szulejko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Philippe M Heynderickx
- Center for Environmental and Energy Research (CEER) - Engineering of Materials Via Catalysis and Characterization, Ghent University Global Campus, 119-5 Songdomunhwa-Ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon, 406-840 South Korea; Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, B.9000, Belgium
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Lee YS, Maitlo HA, Kim KH, Kwon EE, Lee MH, Kim JC, Song HN, Szulejko JE. Utilization of activated carbon as an effective replacement for a commercialized three-bed sorbent (Carbopack) to quantitate aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108802. [PMID: 31629181 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The potential use of activated carbon (AC) as an inexpensive and effective alternative sorbent material in thermal desorption is presented and validated for the analysis of aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and styrene (BTXS) in air. The optimum desorption conditions of an AC sampling tube (2 mg AC bed) were determined and compared with a commercial three-bed (Carbopack; C + B + X) tube sampler as a reference. The AC sampler exhibited good linearity (R2 > 0.99) and reproducibility (RSE of 2.38 ± 0.21%) for BTXS analysis. The AC tube sampler showed good storability (up to 3 d) and excellent recyclability (up to 50 cycles). An analysis of BTXS in ambient air showed excellent agreement between AC and CBX (bias < 5%). The 1% breakthrough volume values for 2 mg AC, when tested at 100 ppb of benzene as a sole component or in a BTXS mixture, were 10,000 or 5000 L g-1, respectively. The results of this study support the performance of AC as a suitable medium for sampling VOCs as reliable as high-cost commercial sorbent products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Seo Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hubdar Ali Maitlo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jo-Chun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| | - Hee-Nam Song
- ACEN Co., Ltd, Yeongtong-Gu Dukyong Dearo 1556-16, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 16670, Republic of Korea
| | - Jan E Szulejko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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Szulejko JE, Kim KH, Parise J. Seeking the most powerful and practical real-world sorbents for gaseous benzene as a representative volatile organic compound based on performance metrics. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Khan A, Szulejko JE, Kim KH, Sammadar P, Lee SS, Yang X, Ok YS. A comparison of figure of merit (FOM) for various materials in adsorptive removal of benzene under ambient temperature and pressure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 168:96-108. [PMID: 30296641 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To effectively remove gaseous pollutants from air using sorbents, a thorough knowledge of the actual sorption performance is needed at ambient conditions rather than at unrealistically high-pressure conditions, as is commonly presented in the literature. To this end, the sorbent capacities of gaseous benzene were evaluated at a constant sorbent bed inlet pressure (50 ppm or ~5 Pa) in 1 atm of N2, room temperature (298 K), a fixed flow rate (50 mL min-1), and equal outlet sampling intervals (5 min). The benzene adsorption patterns were investigated against six sorbent types in a total of 17 different forms: 1- zeolite in five forms: beads (ZB), ground to 212 µm (ZG212), beads ground to 300 µm (ZG300), coarsely ground/washed zeolite (ZWc), and coarsely ground/washed/thermally treated zeolite (ZTc), 2- activated carbon in two forms: 212 µm (ACd212) and granular (ACdg), 3- Carbopack-X (CX), 4- Tenax TA (TA), 5- used black tea leaves of 150 or 300 µm in three forms: dry (TD150/TD300), wet (TW150/TW300), and wet dust (TWd), and 6- used ground coffee in either dry (CD) or wet forms (CW). Accordingly, the largest adsorption capacities at 5 Pa (e.g., >10 mg g-1) were observed for ACd212 (79.1) and ACdg (73.6). Moderate values (e.g., 5 < < 10 mg g-1) were obtained for ZG212 (7.98), CX (6.79), ZG300 (5.70), and ZB (5.58), while the remainder were far lower at < 5 mg g-1 (e.g., tea leaves, ground coffee, TA, ZWc, and ZTc). The experimental benzene capacities of the tested sorbents were further assessed by the Langmuir, Henry's law, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Elovich isotherm models. The linearized Langmuir adsorption isotherms of ACd212, ACdg, and CX showed the presence of more than one adsorption site (i.e., retrograde at the lowest pressures and two others at higher pressures). However, TA, zeolite, tea leaves, and ground coffee exhibited a type-V isotherm, wherein the sorption capacity continued to increase with loaded volume (i.e., multilayer adsorption). Thus, ACd212 has the best figure-of-merit based on a high 10% breakthrough volume (BTV) and low cost for real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmatullah Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jan E Szulejko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Pallabi Sammadar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiao Yang
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Merlen C, Verriele M, Crunaire S, Ricard V, Kaluzny P, Locoge N. A preconcentration method based on a new sorbent for the measurement of selected reduced sulfur compounds at ppb level in ambient air. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Quantitative or only qualitative measurements of sulfur compounds in ambient air at ppb level? Uncertainties assessment for active sampling with Tenax TA®. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jo SH, Kim KH, Kwon K. The combined effects of sampling parameters on the sorbent tube sampling of phthalates in air. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45677. [PMID: 28361993 PMCID: PMC5374508 DOI: 10.1038/srep45677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption properties of various sorbent materials were investigated to assess the factors affecting biases in the sorbent tube (ST) sampling of airborne phthalates. The recovery of phthalates was assessed critically in relation to four key sampling parameters: (1) three types of sorbent materials (quartz wool (QW), glass wool (GW), and quartz wool plus Tenax TA (QWTN)), (2) the concentration level of phthalate standards, (3) purge flow rate, and (4) purge volume for analysis based on a 'sorbent tube-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ST-TD-GC-MS)' system. Among these parameters, the type of ST was the most influential in determining the recovery of phthalates. For a given ST type, the recovery of phthalates tends to improve with increases in the concentration level of standards. In case of QW and QWTN tubes, the breakthrough of phthalates was not observed up to the maximum purge volume (100 L) tested in this work; however, in case of GW, the recovery decreased drastically to 60% even at a purge volume of 1 L for low molecular weight phthalates. The results of our study demonstrate that accurate analysis of airborne phthalates can be achieved through proper control of key sampling parameters, particularly the choice of sorbent material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hee Jo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Kyenghee Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Dongkuk University, Goyang-si 10326, Korea
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Kim KH, Szulejko JE, Kwon E, Deep A. A critical review on the diverse preconcentration procedures on bag samples in the quantitation of volatile organic compounds from cigarette smoke and other combustion samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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