1
|
Porous aromatic framework coated stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with gas chromatography for the analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric particles and environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463139. [PMID: 35584565 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) with different pore size were evaluated for simultaneous adsorption of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with large difference in polarity and molecular size. Two other porous organic polymers containing electron pushing/withdrawing group were investigated along for a comparison, and PAF-120 with the pore size of appr. 2.1 nm exhibited the highest extraction efficiency. Based on water contact angle and molecular dynamics simulation, the adsorption of 16 PAHs on PAF-120 was attributed to hydrophobic interaction, π-π interaction and molecular sieving effect. PAF-120/PDMS coated stir bar was then prepared by physical adhesion, and a method of stir bar sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-flame ionization detector was established for trace PAHs analysis in environmental samples. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (S/N = 3) for 16 PAHs were found to be in the range of 42-375 ng/L, with the relative standard deviations of 4.1-14.6% (n = 7). The enrichment factors varied from 31 (Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene) to 80-fold (anthracene), with the maximal enrichment factor of 100-fold. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of PAHs in local environmental water and atmospheric particle samples. None of the 16 PAHs were detected in the collected water samples. While for the collected atmospheric particles, 12 PAHs were detected in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) within the range of 0.6-2.8 ng/m3. For inhalable particulate matter (PM10) and total suspended particulate matter (TSP), 16 PAHs were all detected in the range of 0.6-3.8 ng/m3 and 0.6-5.9 ng/m3, respectively. Quantitative recoveries were obtained in recovery test, demonstrating the accuracy and application potential of the proposed method.
Collapse
|
2
|
Mollahosseini A, Alamshahi M, Rastegari M. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in non-alcoholic beer by mechanical stir bar sorptive extraction-gas chromatography. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 57:3792-3800. [PMID: 32904048 PMCID: PMC7447716 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Mollahosseini
- Research Laboratory of Spectroscopy and Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846/11367, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Alamshahi
- Research Laboratory of Spectroscopy and Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846/11367, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rastegari
- Environmental Research Laboratory, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jalili V, Barkhordari A, Ghiasvand A. Solid-phase microextraction technique for sampling and preconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A review. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
4
|
Manousi N, Zachariadis GA. Recent Advances in the Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Environmental Samples. Molecules 2020; 25:E2182. [PMID: 32392764 PMCID: PMC7249015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) comprise a group of chemical compounds consisting of two or more fused benzene rings. PAHs exhibit hydrophobicity and low water solubility, while some of their members are toxic substances resistant to degradation. Due to their low levels in environmental matrices, a preconcentration step is usually required for their determination. Nowadays, there is a wide variety of sample preparation techniques, including micro-extraction techniques (e.g., solid-phase microextraction and liquid phase microextraction) and miniaturized extraction techniques (e.g., dispersive solid-phase extraction, magnetic solid-phase extraction, stir bar sorptive extraction, fabric phase sorptive extraction etc.). Compared to the conventional sample preparation techniques, these novel techniques show some benefits, including reduced organic solvent consumption, while they are time and cost efficient. A plethora of adsorbents, such as metal-organic frameworks, carbon-based materials and molecularly imprinted polymers, have been successfully coupled with a wide variety of extraction techniques. This review focuses on the recent advances in the extraction techniques of PAHs from environmental matrices, utilizing novel sample preparation approaches and adsorbents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Manousi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George A. Zachariadis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou DB, Han F, Ding L, Song W, Lv YN, Hu YY, Liu YX, Sheng X, Zheng P. Magnetic C 60 nanospheres based solid-phase extraction coupled with isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Chinese herbal medicines. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1144:122076. [PMID: 32222675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
C60-based magnetic nanospheres were synthesized by coating Fe3O4 nanospheres with silica, then modifying with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as a linker and a C60 fullerene stationary phase. The morphologies, magnetic properties, infrared absorption and carbon content of magnetic nanospheres were studied by TEM, VSM, FTIR and carbon and sulfur analyzer. The magnetic nanospheres were employed for the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in nine Chinese herbal medicines. The analyses were conducted by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main parameters influencing the extraction, including extraction solvent, adsorbent amount, and extraction time were optimized. Method validation showed that the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.02-0.11 µg/kg, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.07-0.36 µg/kg. The spiked recoveries rates for 16 PAHs in white peony root were 84.7-107.2%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.7-8.4%. The established method was further used for the determination 16 PAHs in nine Chinese herbal medicines. Total content of 16 PAHs varied from 73.6 µg/kg (fructus lycii) to 2172.6 µg/kg (astragalus root). The results indicate that the pollution of PAHs in Chinese herbal medicines is serious. The established method can effective detect PAHs contamination in Chinese herbal medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Bing Zhou
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China.
| | - Fang Han
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Lei Ding
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Wei Song
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Ya-Ning Lv
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Yan-Yun Hu
- Instruments' Center for Physical Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China; School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Yu-Xin Liu
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Xuan Sheng
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mollahosseini A, Rastegari M, Hatefi N. Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile as a New Coating for Mechanical Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Water Samples. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-020-03874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
7
|
Electrochemical exfoliation of pencil graphite for preparation of graphene coating as a new versatile SPME fiber for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:861. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
8
|
Amiri A, Ghaemi F, Maleki B. Hybrid nanocomposites prepared from a metal-organic framework of type MOF-199(Cu) and graphene or fullerene as sorbents for dispersive solid phase extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:131. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
9
|
Zhou DB, Sheng X, Han F, Hu YY, Ding L, Lv YL, Song W, Zheng P. Magnetic solid-phase extraction based on [60]fullerene functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles for the determination of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tea samples. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1578:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
10
|
Valera-Tarifa NM, López-Martínez JC, Martínez Vidal JL, Garrido Frenich A. Development and validation of a GC-MS/MS method for priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons quantification in different types of water samples. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201800098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noelia María Valera-Tarifa
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
- Laboratorio Analítico Bioclínico LAB; PITA Almería Science and Technology Park; Almería Spain
| | - Juan Carlos López-Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
- Laboratorio Analítico Bioclínico LAB; PITA Almería Science and Technology Park; Almería Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez Vidal
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Conductometric Sensor for PAH Detection with Molecularly Imprinted Polymer as Recognition Layer. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18030767. [PMID: 29510479 PMCID: PMC5876665 DOI: 10.3390/s18030767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A conductometric sensor based on screen-printed interdigital gold electrodes on glass substrate coated with molecularly imprinted polyurethane layers was fabricated to detect polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water. The results prove that screen-printed interdigital electrodes are very suitable transducers to fabricate low-cost sensor systems for measuring change in resistance of PAH-imprinted layers while exposing to different PAHs. The sensor showed good selectivity to its templated molecules and high sensitivity with a detection limit of 1.3 nmol/L e.g., for anthracene in water which is lower than WHO’s permissible limit.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang X, Wang P, Han Q, Li H, Wang T, Ding M. Metal-organic framework based in-syringe solid-phase extraction for the on-site sampling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1856-1863. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Control Technology for Toxic, Hazardous, Flammable and Explosive Sources of City; Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Peiyi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Control Technology for Toxic, Hazardous, Flammable and Explosive Sources of City; Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qiang Han
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Environmental Remediation; Zhongyan Technology Co. Ltd.; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Control Technology for Toxic, Hazardous, Flammable and Explosive Sources of City; Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Ministry of Education; Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
López-López JA, Ogalla-Chozas E, Lara-Martín PA, Pintado-Herrera MG. Solvent bar micro-extraction (SBME) based determination of PAHs in seawater samples. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 598:58-63. [PMID: 28437771 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the impact of PAHs in seawater samples is often difficult due to the low concentrations in which they appear and the complexity of the sample matrix. Traditional methods for sample preparation such as liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction require the use of excessive amounts of solvents and reagents, and sample handling. In this work, hollow fiber liquid phase micro-extraction (HFLPME), in the configuration of solvent bar micro-extraction (SBME), was proposed as an environmentally friendly and more effective tool, for the extraction of the 16 priority PAHs from seawater samples. Extraction was conducted using hexane as a solvent. Enrichment factors from 45 to 163 were obtained after 60min at a stirring rate of 500rpm in the sample. Moreover, a negative linear relationship was observed between the enrichment factor and the molecular weight of the PAHs. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection were in the range from 0.21 to 0.82ngL-1, the method showed a linear response up to 500μgL-1, and the average relative standard deviation for seawater samples spiked with 5ngL-1 was 11.6%. After calibration, the SBME was applied to extract PAHs in seawater samples from the Bay of Cadiz (SW Spain), showing an average recovery of 99%. In conclusion, the SBME is an environmentally friendly, one-step alternative for sample preparation in the determination of PAHs in seawater samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A López-López
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Esther Ogalla-Chozas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Pablo A Lara-Martín
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Marina G Pintado-Herrera
- Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Amiri A, Ghaemi F. Graphene grown on stainless steel mesh as a highly efficient sorbent for sorptive microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 994:29-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
15
|
Kamankesh M, Mohammadi A, Mollahosseini A, Jazaeri S, Shahdoostkhany M. Vitamin D3: Preconcentration and Determination in Cereal Samples Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Microextraction Method. Cereal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-08-16-0209-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Kamankesh
- Research Laboratory of Spectroscopy and Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdorreza Mohammadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Mollahosseini
- Research Laboratory of Spectroscopy and Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Jazaeri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Shahdoostkhany
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Beni Á, Lajtha K, Kozma J, Fekete I. Application of a Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction sample preparation method with HPLC for soil fungal biomass determination in soils from a detrital manipulation study. J Microbiol Methods 2017; 136:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
17
|
Single layer graphitic carbon nitride-modified graphene composite as a fiber coating for solid-phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
18
|
Wilson WB, Sander LC, Oña-Ruales JO, Mössner SG, Sidisky LM, Lee ML, Wise SA. Retention behavior of alkyl-substituted polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycle isomers in gas chromatography on stationary phases of different selectivity. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1484:73-84. [PMID: 28089274 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Retention indices for 10 sets of alkyl-substituted polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs) isomers (total of 80 PASHs) were determined using gas chromatography with three different stationary phases: a 50% phenyl phase, a 50% liquid crystalline dimethylpolysiloxane (LC-DMPS) phase, and an ionic liquid (IL) phase. Correlations between the retention behavior on the three stationary phases and PASH geometry [length-to-breadth (L/B) and thickness (T)] were investigated for the following PASHs: 4 methyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes (DBTs), 3 ethyl-substituted DBTs, 15 dimethyl-substituted DBTs, 8 trimethyl-substituted DBTs, 15 methyl-substituted naphthothiophenes, 30 methyl-substituted benzonaphthothiophenes, and 5 methyl-substituted tetrapheno[1,12-bcd]thiophene. Correlation coefficients for retention on the 50% phenyl phase vs L/B ranged from r=-0.28 (MeBbN23Ts) to r=0.92 (EtDBTs). Correlation coefficients for retention on the IL phase vs L/B ranged from r=0.13 (MeN12Ts) to r=0.83 (EtDBTs). Correlation coefficients for retention on the 50% LC-DMPS phase vs L/B ranged from r=0.22 (MeDBTs) to r=0.84 (TriMeDBTs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter B Wilson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States.
| | - Lane C Sander
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Jorge O Oña-Ruales
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Stephanie G Mössner
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Leonard M Sidisky
- MilliporeSigma, A Business of Merck KGaA, Bellefonte, PA 16823, United States
| | - Milton L Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Stephen A Wise
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Preconcentration of carbamate insecticides in water samples by using modified stir bar with ZnS nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon and their HPLC determination: Response surface methodology. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|