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Zhang T, Wu H, Qiu C, Wang M, Wang H, Zhu S, Xu Y, Huang Q, Li S. Ultrasensitive Hierarchical AuNRs@SiO 2@Ag SERS Probes for Enrichment and Detection of Insulin and C-Peptide in Serum. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6281-6293. [PMID: 38919772 PMCID: PMC11198011 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s462601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Insulin and C-peptide played crucial roles as clinical indicators for diabetes and certain liver diseases. However, there has been limited research on the simultaneous detection of insulin and C-peptide in trace serum. It is necessary to develop a novel method with high sensitivity and specificity for detecting insulin and C-peptide simultaneously. Methods A core-shell-satellites hierarchical structured nanocomposite was fabricated as SERS biosensor using a simple wet-chemical method, employing 4-MBA and DTNB for recognition and antibodies for specific capture. Gold nanorods (Au NRs) were modified with Raman reporter molecules and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), creating SERS tags with high sensitivity for detecting insulin and C-peptide. Antibody-modified commercial carboxylated magnetic bead@antibody served as the capture probes. Target materials were captured by probes and combined with SERS tags, forming a "sandwich" composite structure for subsequent detection. Results Under optimized conditions, the nanocomposite fabricated could be used to detect simultaneously for insulin and C-peptide with the detection limit of 4.29 × 10-5 pM and 1.76 × 10-10 nM in serum. The insulin concentration (4.29 × 10-5-4.29 pM) showed a strong linear correlation with the SERS intensity at 1075 cm-1, with high recoveries (96.4-105.3%) and low RSD (0.8%-10.0%) in detecting human serum samples. Meanwhile, the C-peptide concentration (1.76 × 10-10-1.76 × 10-3 nM) also showed a specific linear correlation with the SERS intensity at 1333 cm-1, with recoveries 85.4%-105.0% and RSD 1.7%-10.8%. Conclusion This breakthrough provided a novel, sensitive, convenient and stable approach for clinical diagnosis of diabetes and certain liver diseases. Overall, our findings presented a significant contribution to the field of biomedical research, opening up new possibilities for improved diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Chuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chuzhou City, Anhui, 239000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Wu
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenling Qiu
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Wang
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiting Wang
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunhua Zhu
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Public Experimental Research Center of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinhai Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingli Huang
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Public Experimental Research Center of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu, 221004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shibao Li
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People’s Republic of China
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Fendrych K, Górska-Ratusznik A, Smajdor J. Electrochemical Assays for the Determination of Antidiabetic Drugs-A Review. MICROMACHINES 2023; 15:10. [PMID: 38276837 PMCID: PMC10820374 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This article presents the current state of knowledge regarding electrochemical methods for determining the active substances within drugs that are used in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Electrochemical methods of analysis, due to their sensitivity and easiness, are a great alternative to other, usually more expensive analytical assays. The determination of active substances mentioned in this review is based on oxidation or reduction processes on the surface of the working electrode. A wide variety of working electrodes, often modified with materials such as nanoparticles or conducting polymers, have been used for the highly sensitive analysis of antidiabetic drugs. The presented assays allow us to determine the compounds of interest in various samples, such as pharmaceutical products or different human bodily fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Fendrych
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Górska-Ratusznik
- Lukasiewicz Research Network—Krakow Institute of Technology, 73 Zakopianska St., 30-418 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Smajdor
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
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Kouhdareh J, Karimi-Nami R, Keypour H, Rabiei K, Alavinia S, Saremi SG, Noroozi M. Synthesis of a Au/Au NPs-PPy/l-CYs/ZIF-8 nanocomposite electrode for voltammetric determination of insulin in human blood. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24474-24486. [PMID: 37593669 PMCID: PMC10427897 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04064j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a modified electrode named Au/Au NPs-PPy/l-CYs/ZIF-8 was designed and built and simultaneously doped into electropolymerized polypyrrole (PPy) film using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and CV were used to characterize the composite films. The PPy-(ZIF-8) modified Au electrode was used to determine insulin using Square-Wave Voltammetry (SWV). It was found that the prepared zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 had excellent electrocatalytic activity towards insulin oxidation due to its unique properties. The oxidation peak current of insulin hormone increased with its concentration in the range from 1.0 to 60 nM with the linear regression equation: Ipa = 0.3421C (nM) + 3.2762 (γ = 0.998). The measurement limit was estimated to be 1 nM. While the common coexisting substances showed no interference in the response of the modified electrode to insulin, the modified electrode indicated reproducible behavior and a high level of stability during the experiments. The advantages of using these nanocomposites on the surface of modified electrodes include increased stability, good interaction between the analyte and the modified electrode, conductivity, and excellent performance due to the nanometer size of the composites. As a result, it may be particularly suitable for analytical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Kouhdareh
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 65174 Iran
| | - Rahman Karimi-Nami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh Maragheh Iran
| | - Hassan Keypour
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 65174 Iran
| | - Khadijeh Rabiei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Qom University of Technology Qom Iran
| | | | | | - Mohammad Noroozi
- Center for Research and Development of Petroleum Technologies at Kermanshah, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Iran
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Smajdor J, Paczosa-Bator B, Piech R. Advances on Hormones and Steroids Determination: A Review of Voltammetric Methods since 2000. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1225. [PMID: 36557132 PMCID: PMC9782681 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This article presents advances in the electrochemical determination of hormones and steroids since 2000. A wide spectrum of techniques and working electrodes have been involved in the reported measurements in order to obtain the lowest possible limits of detection. The voltammetric and polarographic techniques, due to their sensitivity and easiness, could be used as alternatives to other, more complicated, analytical assays. Still, growing interest in designing a new construction of the working electrodes enables us to prepare new measurement procedures and obtain lower limits of detection. A brief description of the measured compounds has been presented, along with a comparison of the obtained results.
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He Y, Cheng Y, Wen X. A design of red emission CDs-based aptasensor for sensitive detection of insulin via fluorescence resonance energy transfer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121497. [PMID: 35749972 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We successfully designed an aptasensor based on the red emission carbon dots (R-CDs) and effectively detected insulin (INS) via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). In the process, the aptamer (apt) labeled with R-CDs (R-CDs@apt) was used as fluorescence donor and graphene oxide (GO) was used as fluorescence receptor. The successful detection due to the aptamer sequence has a certain affinity for Go and INS, while the affinity for INS is stronger than that of GO. When INS is not added to the detection system, the aptamer is adsorbed onto the surface of GO, shortening the distance between R-CDs@apt and GO, resulting in FRET and the quenching of fluorescence of R-CDs@apt. When INS was added to the detection system, the aptamer selectively bound INS and separated from the adsorption of GO, FRET gradually disappeared and the fluorescence of R-CDs@apt/GO/INS system was restored. By comparing the changes of fluorescence intensity before and after adding INS, the detection of INS was implemented. The aptasensor has a good linear curve with the detection limit of as low as 1.1 nM when the concentration of INS reached 1.3-150 nM. This method has excellent selectivity and anti-interference. Therefore, it is a potential method for detecting substances in biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua He
- Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, PR China.
| | | | - Xiaoye Wen
- Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, PR China
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Abazar F, Sharifi E, Noorbakhsh A. Antifouling properties of carbon quantum dots-based electrochemical sensor as a promising platform for highly sensitive detection of insulin. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lian K, Feng H, Liu S, Wang K, Liu Q, Deng L, Wang G, Chen Y, Liu G. Insulin quantification towards early diagnosis of prediabetes/diabetes. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 203:114029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Selim MS, Fatthallah NA, Higazy SA, Hao Z, Jing Mo P. A comparative study between two novel silicone/graphene-based nanostructured surfaces for maritime antifouling. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 606:367-383. [PMID: 34392032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two novel superhydrophobic nanocomposite series of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) enriched with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and graphene oxide/boehmite nanorods (GO-γ-AlOOH) nanofillers were synthesized as maritime fouling-release (FR) surfaces. Controlling the nanofillers' structures and distribution in the silicone matrix influenced the self-cleaning and antifouling properties. γ-AlOOH nanorods had a single crystallinity with an average diameter of 10-20 nm and < 200 nm length. A hydrothermal method was used to prepare RGO, while the chemical deposition method was used to synthesis GO-γ-AlOOH nanocomposites for use as fouling-release coating materials. For studying the synergetic effects of graphene-based materials on the surface, mechanical, and FR features, these nanofillers were dispersed in the silicone matrix using the solution casting method. The hydrophobicity and antifouling properties of the surface were studied using water contact angle (WCA), scanning electron, and atomic force microscopes (SEM and AFM). Coatings' roughness, superhydrophobicity, and surface mechanical properties all improved for the homogeneity of the dispersion of the nanocomposite. Laboratory assessments were carried out for 30 days using selected microorganisms to determine the antifouling effects of the coating systems. PDMS/GO-γ-AlOOH nanorod composite had better antibacterial activity than PDMS/RGO nanocomposite against different bacterial strains. This is caused by the high surface area and stabilizing effects of the GO-γ-AlOOH hybrid nanofillers. The PDMS/GO-γ-AlOOH nanorod composite (3 wt%) had the lowest biodegradability percentage (1.6%) and the microbial endurability percentages for gram-positive, gram-negative, and fungi were 86.42%, 97.94%, and 85.97%, respectively. A field trial in natural seawater was conducted to confirm the coatings' FR performance based on the screening process and image analysis for 45 days in a tropical area. The most profound superhydrophobic antifouling nanostructured coating was the homogeneity of the GO-γ-AlOOH (3 wt%) dispersion, which had a WCA of 151° and a rough surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Selim
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Petroleum Application Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Shimaa A Higazy
- Petroleum Application Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zhifeng Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ping Jing Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Kamyabi MA, Alipour Z, Moharramnezhad M. An enzyme-free electrochemiluminescence insulin probe based on the regular attachment of ZnO nanoparticles on a 3-D nickel foam and H 2O 2 as an efficient co-reactant. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1003-1012. [PMID: 33533767 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02071k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a highly sensitive, fast, and enzyme-free electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probe based on the decoration of zinc oxide nanoparticles on nickel foam is proposed for insulin determination. A silica film was employed as a size adjusting agent for the modification of the nickel foam surface with ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The ECL of the ZnO NP/Ni foam was investigated in a natural medium in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an efficient co-reactant. With increasing insulin concentration, a remarkable improvement in ECL signal was observed, which proved the enhancing effect of insulin on the ECL emission. The characterization of the ZnO-NP/Ni-foam electrode was performed via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurement, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis techniques. The fabricated electrode was applied for the trace analysis of insulin using the ultrasensitive ECL method in a phosphate buffer solution. Under the optimal conditions, the results showed excellent performance during insulin determination with a wide linear range of 3.57 × 10-15 M to 2.94 × 10-9 M, a low detection limit of 1.00 × 10-16 M, and a relative standard deviation of 1.03%. The proposed ECL sensor with excellent reproducibility, long-term stability, and high selectivity was used for insulin determination in real serum samples with acceptable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Kamyabi
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Postal Code 45371-38791, Zanjan, Iran.
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Garcia Cruz A, Haq I, Cowen T, Di Masi S, Trivedi S, Alanazi K, Piletska E, Mujahid A, Piletsky SA. Design and fabrication of a smart sensor using in silico epitope mapping and electro-responsive imprinted polymer nanoparticles for determination of insulin levels in human plasma. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 169:112536. [PMID: 32980804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A robust and highly specific sensor based on electroactive molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIP) was developed. The nanoMIP tagged with a redox probe, combines both recognition and reporting capabilities. The developed nanoMIP replaces enzyme-mediator pairs used in traditional biosensors thus, offering enhanced molecular recognition for insulin, improving performance in complex biological samples, and yielding high stability. Also, most of existing sensors show poor performance after storage. To improve costs of the logistics and avoid the need of cold storage in the chain supply, we developed an alternative to biorecognition system that relies on nanoMIP. NanoMIP were computationally designed using "in-silico" insulin epitope mapping and synthesized by solid phase polymerisation. The characterisation of the polymer nanoparticles was performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform Infrared (FT-IR) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The electrochemical sensor was developed by chemical immobilisation of the nanoMIP on screen printed platinum electrodes. The insulin sensor displayed satisfactory performances and reproducible results (RSD = 4.2%; n = 30) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in the clinically relevant concentration range from 50 to 2000 pM. The developed nanoMIP offers the advantage of large number of specific recognition sites with tailored geometry, as the resultant, the sensor showed high sensitivity and selectivity to insulin with a limit of detection (LOD) of 26 and 81 fM in buffer and human plasma, respectively, confirming the practical application for point of care monitoring. Moreover, the nanoMIP showed adequate storage stability of 168 days, demonstrating the robustness of sensor for several rounds of insulin analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Garcia Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK.
| | - Isma Haq
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Todd Cowen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK
| | - Sabrina Di Masi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), Edificio A6 Multipiano CSEEM, Campus Universitario Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Samir Trivedi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK
| | - Kaseb Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK
| | - Elena Piletska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK
| | - Adnan Mujahid
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sergey A Piletsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, UK
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Šišoláková I, Hovancová J, Oriňaková R, Oriňak A, Trnková L, Třísková I, Farka Z, Pastucha M, Radoňák J. Electrochemical determination of insulin at CuNPs/chitosan-MWCNTs and CoNPs/chitosan-MWCNTs modified screen printed carbon electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.113881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Taib M, Tan LL, Abd Karim NH, Ta GC, Heng LY, Khalid B. Reflectance aptasensor based on metal salphen label for rapid and facile determination of insulin. Talanta 2019; 207:120321. [PMID: 31594568 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
An optical aptasensor-based sensing platform for rapid insulin detection was fabricated. Aminated porous silica microparticles (PSiMPs) were synthesized via a facile mini-emulsion method to provide large surface area for covalent immobilization of insulin-binding DNA aptamer (IGA3) by glutaraldehyde cross-linking protocol. A Nickel-salphen type complex with piperidine side chain [Ni(II)-SP] was synthesized with a simple one-pot reaction, and functionalized as an optical label due to strong π-π interaction between aromatic carbons of G-quadruplex DNA aptamer and planar aromatic groups of Ni(II)-SP to form the immobilized IGA3-Ni(II)-SP complex, i.e. the dye-labeled aptamer, thereby bringing yellow colouration to the immobilized G-quartet plane. Optical characterization of aptasensor towards insulin binding was carried out with a fiber optic reflectance spectrophotometer. The maximum reflectance intensity of the immobilized IGA3-Ni(II)-SP complex at 656 nm decreased upon binding with insulin as aptasensor changed to brownish orange colouration in the background. This allows optical detection of insulin as the colour change of aptasensor is dependent on the insulin concentration. The linear detection range of the aptasensor is obtained from 10 to 50 μIU mL-1 (R2 = 0.9757), which conformed to the normal fasting insulin levels in human with a limit of detection (LOD) at 3.71 μIU mL-1. The aptasensor showed fast response time of 40 min and long shelf life stability of >3 weeks. Insulin detection using healthy human serums with informed consent provided by participants suggests the DNA aptamer biosensor was in good agreement with ELISA standard method using BIOMATIK Human INS (Insulin) ELISA Kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahirah Taib
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Ling Ling Tan
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Nurul Huda Abd Karim
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Goh Choo Ta
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Lee Yook Heng
- Southeast Asia Disaster Prevention Research Initiative (SEADPRI-UKM), Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Bahariah Khalid
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Hospital Serdang, Jalan Puchong, 43000, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Abstract
Good glucose management through an insulin dose regime based on the metabolism of glucose helps millions of people worldwide manage their diabetes. Since Banting and Best extracted insulin, glucose management has improved due to the introduction of insulin analogues that act from 30 minutes to 28 days, improved insulin dose regimes, and portable glucose meters, with a current focus on alternative sampling sites that are less invasive. However, a piece of the puzzle is still missing-the ability to measure insulin directly in a Point-of-Care device. The ability to measure both glucose and insulin concurrently will enable better glucose control by providing an improved estimate for insulin sensitivity, minimizing variability in control, and maximizing safety from hypoglycaemia. However, direct detection of free insulin has provided a challenge due to the size of the molecule, the low concentration of insulin in blood, and the selectivity against interferants in blood. This review summarizes current insulin detection methods from immunoassays to analytical chemistry, and sensors. We also discuss the challenges and potential of each of the methods towards Point-of-Care insulin detection.
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Tabasi A, Noorbakhsh A, Sharifi E. Reduced graphene oxide-chitosan-aptamer interface as new platform for ultrasensitive detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 95:117-123. [PMID: 28433858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes an ultrasensitive electrochemical aptamer-based assay for detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 protein (HER2) cancer biomarker as a model analyte. Results show that the reduced graphene oxide-chitosan (rGO-Chit) film as a suitable electrode material possesses great favorable properties including high homogeneity, good stability, large surface area and high fraction of amine groups as aptamer binding sites. Various steps of aptasensor fabrication were characterized using microscopic, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. Using methylene blue (MB) as an electrochemical probe and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique, two linear concentration ranges of 0.5-2ngml-1 and 2-75ngml-1 were obtained with a high sensitivity of 0.14μAng-1ml and a very low detection limit of 0.21ngml-1 (very lower than the clinical cut-off). The fabricated aptasensor showed excellent selectivity for detection of HER2 in complex matrix of human serum samples. The sensitive detection of HER2 can be attributed to the multiple signal amplification of MB during its accumulation to the modified electrode surface via both affinity interaction to aptamer molecules and electrostatic adsorption to the HER2 analyte as well as high charge transfer kinetic properties of the applied rGO-Chit film. The rapid and simple preparation of the proposed aptasensor as well as its high selectivity, stability and reproducibility provided a promising protocol for non-invasive diagnosis for various points of care application. The proposed aptasensor showed excellent analytical performance in comparison with current HER2 biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Tabasi
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Abdollah Noorbakhsh
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Ensiyeh Sharifi
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
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Hovancová J, Šišoláková I, Oriňaková R, Oriňak A. Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors for detection of glucose and insulin. J Solid State Electrochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-017-3544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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