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Mouco-Novegil BA, Hernández-Córdoba M, López-García I. Improvement in the Chromium(VI)-Diphenylcarbazide Determination Using Cloud Point Microextraction; Speciation of Chromium at Low Levels in Water Samples. Molecules 2023; 29:153. [PMID: 38202735 PMCID: PMC10779736 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A reliable, rapid, and low-cost procedure for determining very low concentrations of hexavalent chromium (Cr) in water is discussed. The procedure is based in the classical reaction of Cr6+ with diphenylcarbazide. Once this reaction has taken place, sodium dodecylsulfate is added to obtain an ion-pair, and Triton X-114 is incorporated. Next, the heating of the mixture allows two phases that can be separated by centrifugation to be obtained in a cloud point microextraction (CPE) process. The coacervate contains all the Cr6+ originally present in the water sample, so that the measurement by molecular absorption spectrophotometry allows the concentration of the metal to be calculated. No harmful organic solvents are required. The discrimination of hexavalent and trivalent forms is achieved by including an oxidation stage with Ce4+. To take full advantage of the pre-concentration effect inherent to the coacervation process, as well as to minimize reagent consumption and waste generation, a portable mini-spectrophotometer which is compatible with microvolumes of liquid samples is used. The preconcentration factor is 415 and a chromium concentration as low as 0.02 µg L-1 can be detected. The procedure shows a good reproducibility (relative standard deviation close to 3%).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ignacio López-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare-Nostrum”, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (B.A.M.-N.); (M.H.-C.)
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2
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Mortada WI. Effective preconcentration of palladium and platinum via dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floated organic drop. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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3
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Ultrasound-assisted supramolecular solvent dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for preconcentration and determination of Cr(VI) in waters and total chromium in beverages and vegetables. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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4
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Rahimi Kakavandi N, Asadi T, Jannat B, Abdi K, Ghazi-Khansari M, Shahali H, Naraki K. Method development for determination of imatinib and its major metabolite, N-desmethyl imatinib, in biological and environmental samples by SA-SHS-LPME and HPLC. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5088. [PMID: 33590534 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A salting-out-assisted switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based liquid phase microextraction (SA-SHS-LPME) was developed for the separation and determination of trace amounts of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib in biological and environmental samples by HPLC-UV. Triethylamine as a hydrophobic compound and protonated triethylamine carbonate as a hydrophilic one were switched by the addition or elimination of CO2 . The use of NaOH resulted in the elimination of CO2 from the sample solution, which led to the conversion of P-TEA-C into triethylamine (TEA) and as a result, the analytes was extracted and entered the TEA phase. The salting out was performed to speed up the formation of the TEA in the shape of fine droplets in the specimen solution. Furthermore, the impact of several momentous factors that influence the recovery of the extraction was investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detection and limit of quantification were obtained in ranges of 0.03-0.05 and 0.1-0.15 μg L-1 for imatinib and 0.04-0.06 and 0.13-0.20 μg L-1 for N-desmethyl imatinib, respectively. The preconcentration factor was 250. Inter- and intraday precision (RSD, n = 5) was <5%. In the case of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib in biological and environmental specimens, a range of 97.0-102% was obtained as the recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Rahimi Kakavandi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Asadi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Students Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Khosrou Abdi
- Department of Radiopharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahali
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karim Naraki
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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5
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A comprehensive review on application of the syringe in liquid- and solid-phase microextraction methods. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-02025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Mukherjee S, Betal S, Chattopadhyay AP. Dual sensing and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic monitoring of Cr 3+and Al 3+ using a luminescent Schiff base: Extraction and DFT studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 228:117837. [PMID: 31784221 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A well designed, new pyrene based small molecule (L) was synthesized from 1:1 condensation reaction of 1-aminopyrene and 6-(1,3-benzodioxal-5-yl)-2-pyridine carboxaldehyde which was characterized by absorption, emission spectrometry, FTIR, NMR and mass studies. Interestingly the UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopic studies revealed that the ligand (L) works as a dual turn-on luminescent chemosensor for chromium(III) (Cr3+) and aluminium(III) (Al3+) in aqueous environment which were further supported by DFT and TDDFT studies. L shows a significant colour change from pale yellow to reddish yellow with a detection limit of ~10-9 M in the presence of Cr3+ and Al3+ whereas there were no noteworthy changes in the presence of other monovalent and divalent metal ions. The molecular signaling in the presence of Cr3+, Al3+, Fe3+ and EDTA was compared with advanced level combinational INHIBIT gate based on 4 input logic gates. Herein, first derivative constant wavelength synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (1st DCWSFS) was applied for the determination of Cr3+, Al3+ ion concentrations in a mixture via increment of spectral resolution of the respective overlapping peaks. 1st DCWSFS is reported to be used in pharmaceuticals but very few works have been done for determination of metal ion concentration in environmental sample without prior separation. The individual Cr3+and Al3+ ion concentrations in a mixture were determined through liquid-liquid extraction process and the efficiencies were compared with 1st derivative SFS method. It was observed that 1st derivative SFS process is more efficient than conventional liquid-liquid extraction process. Therefore, 1st DCWSFS method using sensor L might be useful as a diagnostic tool for detection of individual metal ion concentrations (Cr3+ and Al3+) from a mixture which will be cost-effective, time saving and more precise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Mukherjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia - 741235, West Bengal, India.
| | - Soumi Betal
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia - 741235, West Bengal, India
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7
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Air–assisted liquid–liquid microextraction; principles and applications with analytical instruments. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Mukherjee S, Betal S, Chattopadhyay AP. Luminescence sensing, DFT, extraction and monitoring of Cr3+ and Al3+via the application of first derivative fluorescence spectroscopy. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01029d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Turn-on recognition of an anthracene-based Schiff base followed by the use of a sensitive technique for metal estimation without prior separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Mukherjee
- Department of Environmental Science
- University of Kalyani, Kalyani
- Nadia – 741235
- India
| | - Soumi Betal
- Department of Environmental Science
- University of Kalyani, Kalyani
- Nadia – 741235
- India
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9
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A green analytical method for ultratrace determination of hexavalent chromium ions based on micro-solid phase extraction using amino-silanized cellulose membranes. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Fontes AS, Romero JC, Guimarães LB, da Silva EGP, de C. Lima D, Amorim FAC. Development of Method Based on Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Air-Assisted for Multi-Element Determination of Cadmium and Manganese in Sugarcane Spirit (Brazilian cachaça) by FAAS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01600-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Ultrasound assisted ion pair based surfactant-enhanced liquid–liquid microextraction with solidification of floating organic drop combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry for preconcentration and determination of nickel and cobalt ions in vegetable and herb samples. Food Chem 2019; 284:16-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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12
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Yao L, Zhu Y, Xu W, Wang H, Wang X, Zhang J, Liu H, Lin C. Combination of dispersive solid phase extraction with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the sequential speciation and preconcentration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in water samples prior to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry determination. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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13
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Heydari F, Ramezani M. Micro-funnel magnetic stirring-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction technique combined with UV–Vis spectrophotometry for determination of thorium in aqueous samples with the aid of experimental design. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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14
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Sobhi HR, Azadikhah E, Behbahani M, Esrafili A, Ghambarian M. Application of a surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method along with central composite design for micro-volume based spectrophotometric determination of low level of Cr(VI) ions in aquatic samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 202:36-40. [PMID: 29777932 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A fast, simple, low cost surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method along with central composite design for the determination of low level of Cr(VI) ions in several aquatic samples has been developed. Initially, Cr(VI) ions present in the aqueous sample were readily reacted with 1,5‑diphenylcarbazide (DPC) in acidic medium through complexation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), as an anionic surfactant, was then employed as an ion-pair agent to convert the cationic complex into the neutral one. Following on, the whole aqueous phase underwent a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) leading to the transfer of the neutral complex into the fine droplet of organic extraction phase. A micro-volume spectrophotometer was used to determine Cr(VI) concentrations. Under the optimized conditions predicted by the statistical design, the limit of quantification (LOQ) obtained was reported to be 5.0 μg/L, and the calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 5-100 μg/L. Finally, the method was successfully implemented for the determination of low levels of Cr(VI) ions in various real aquatic samples and the accuracies fell within the range of 83-102%, while the precision varied in the span of 1.7-5.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Efat Azadikhah
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Behbahani
- Faculty of Engineering, Shohadaye Hoveizeh University of Technology, Dasht-e Azadegan, Susangerd, Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ghambarian
- Iranian Research and Development Center for Chemical Industries, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Ultrasound-Assisted Switchable Solvent in Determination of Quaternary Ammonium Herbicide Paraquat in Biological, Environmental Water, and Apple Juice Samples Using Chemical Reduction Process Coupled to GC–MS Detection. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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16
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Chaiyamate P, Seebunrueng K, Srijaranai S. Vortex-assisted low density solvent and surfactant based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for sensitive spectrophotometric determination of cobalt. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7243-7251. [PMID: 35540320 PMCID: PMC9078415 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11896a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the development of vortex-assisted low density solvent and surfactant based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (VALS-DLLME) for Co(ii) prior to its spectrophotometric detection. The method consisted of the complexation of Co(ii) with pyrocatechol violet (PV) followed by the preconcentration of the Co(II)–PV complex using VALS-DLLME and then an absorption measurement at 600 nm. The optimum conditions for complex formation were a 1 : 3 mole ratio of Co(ii) and PV at pH 7.5, while the conditions for VALS-DLLME were 300 μL 1-dodecanol as extraction solvent, and 300 μL acetonitrile as dispersive solvent under a vortex for 20 s with the addition of cationic surfactant (0.02 mmol L−1 CTAB). Under the optimum conditions, good linearity was in the range of 0.1–10 mg L−1, the enrichment factor (EF) was 13.5 and the low limit of detection (LOD) was 0.04 mg L−1. The method was applied to the analysis of Co(ii) in water, green leaf vegetable and vitamin B12 samples. The proposed method provided good recoveries in the range of 86–104%, which were comparable to those obtained from flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The formation of a Co(II)–PV complex and the VALS-DLLME procedure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Patiwat Chaiyamate
- Materials Chemistry Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Khon Kaen University
| | - Ketsarin Seebunrueng
- Materials Chemistry Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Khon Kaen University
| | - Supalax Srijaranai
- Materials Chemistry Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Khon Kaen University
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18
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Evaluation of abamectin, diazinon and chlorpyrifos pesticide residues in apple product of Mahabad region gardens: Iran in 2014. Food Chem 2017; 231:148-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rahimi Kakavandi N, Ezoddin M, Abdi K, Ghazi-Khansari M, Amini M, Shahtaheri SJ. Ion-pair switchable-hydrophilicity solvent-based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of paraquat in environmental and biological samples before high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3703-3709. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Rahimi Kakavandi
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Ezoddin
- Department of Chemistry; Payame Noor University; Tehran Iran
| | - Khosrou Abdi
- Department of Radiopharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Drug Design and Development Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohsen Amini
- Department of Radiopharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Drug Design and Development Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Solidification of floating organic droplet in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction as a green analytical tool. Talanta 2017; 170:22-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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