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Wu Y, Qin D, Meng S, Zhang C, Deng B. Carbon quantum dots with blue/near infrared emissions for ratiometric fluorescent lornoxicam sensing and bio-imaging. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:157. [PMID: 35347472 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An economical and eco-friendly hydrothermal method for the preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) was studied with rambutan peel and lysine. The morphology, structure, and optical properties of N-CQDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray powder diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, and UV spectrophotometry. The synthesized N-CQDs have excellent characteristics such as strong fluorescence, good dispersion, high stability, and excellent water solubility. The absolute fluorescence quantum yield is 1.02%, the average particle size is 1.63 nm, and the maximum excitation wavelength is 340 nm. The maximum emission wavelengths are 430 nm and 800 nm. As a quencher, lornoxicam (LNX) was used to quench the fluorescence of N-CQDs with the mechanism of inner filter effect. The fluorescence ratio of N-CQDs (F430/F800) shows a good linear relationship to the concentration of LNX. The linear range and the detection limit of LNX are 0.01‒100 and 0.003 μmol/L, respectively. An effective ratiometric fluorescence probe for the detection of LNX was constructed. The method has the advantages of low detection limit, high sensitivity, wide linear range, and can be applied to the determination of LNX in real samples. Moreover, according to the excitation-dependent fluorescence behavior, dual-wavelength emission, and biocompatibility of N-CQDs, it has been applied to cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongmiao Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Shuo Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Biyang Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China.
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Kim JM, Koh JH, Park JM. Validation of an HPLC Method for Pretreatment of Steviol Glycosides in Fermented Milk. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102445. [PMID: 34681493 PMCID: PMC8535403 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Steviol glycosides are used in food and beverages worldwide as natural sweeteners, serving as a low-calorie sugar substitute. The acceptable daily intake of steviol is 0-4 mg/kg body weight. The rising demand for dairy products has led to a corresponding increase in the use of steviol glycosides in such products. Therefore, it is important to analyze the levels of steviol glycosides in dairy products. Dairy products have high fat contents and unique emulsion characteristics, conferred by a mixture of fat globules, casein micelles, whey proteins, and numerous other small molecules. These characteristics may interfere with the estimation of steviol glycoside levels; therefore, dairy samples require pretreatment. We aimed to develop an objective test for measuring the levels of steviol glycosides through the development of an efficient pretreatment method. In this study, the steviol glycoside content in dairy products was evaluated by using various methods, and an optimal pretreatment method was determined. We used high-performance liquid chromatography to assess the selectivity, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, and recovery rate. Calibration curves were linear in the range of 1-50 mg/kg, with a coefficient of determination of ≥0.999. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were in the ranges of 0.11-0.56 and 0.33-1.69 mg/kg, respectively. The relative standard deviation (%) represents the precision of a measurement. The RSD relative standard deviationof recovery varied between 0.16% and 2.83%, and recovery of the analysis varied between 83.57% and 104.84%. These results demonstrate the reliability of the method for measuring the steviol glycoside content. This method can be used for the simple pretreatment of steviol glycosides and can provide an accurate determination of steviol glycoside content in emulsified food matrices, such as dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Food Marketing and Safety, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Jong-Ho Koh
- Department of Bio-Food Analysis, Bio-Campus, Korea Polytechnic College, Nosan 32940, Korea;
| | - Jung-Min Park
- Department of Food Marketing and Safety, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2450-3679
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Abdellatif AAH, Alawadh SH, Bouazzaoui A, Alhowail AH, Mohammed HA. Anthocyanins rich pomegranate cream as a topical formulation with anti-aging activity. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 32:983-990. [PMID: 32022625 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1721418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Anthocyanins are antioxidant compounds constitute the primary dyes of the pomegranate arils. Anthocyanins could protect the aged skin induced by oxidant exposure as a major role in aging processing and skin degeneration.Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the anti-aging activity of anthocyanins rich pomegranate (Punica granatum) after formulated into a topical cream. Also, its effect on human dermal fibroblast function and epidermal keratinocyte were evaluated.Method: Anthocyanins were extracted from fresh pomegranate arils using acidified methanol and were purified by Sephadex LH-20 gel-column chromatography. Further, the fusion method was used to prepare cold cream containing pomegranate anthocyanins. The formulated cream was evaluated for their compatibility study, irritation, homogeneity, drug content, drug release, and stability tests. Furthermore, permeation study through abdominal rabbits, as well as Human application was performed.Results: Compatibility study showed the absence of any interaction between anthocyanins and the used polymers. The formulated cream was nonirritant, homogenous and potentially reduced skin aging when applied to Human volunteers' skin. Furthermore, the skin permeation displayed a good permeation of 43.16% after 210 min.Conclusion: Pomegranate anthocyanins could be used as a safe, stable, homogeneous, nonirritant and effective topical anti-aging drug formulation for aged human people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Al Qassim, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Abdellatif Bouazzaoui
- Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdoon A Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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