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Radwan AS, El Hamd MA, El-Maghrabey M, Mansour FR, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Alsehli BR, Magdy G. A highly sensitive first derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric approach for the simultaneous analysis of the anti-breast cancer co-administered drugs, letrozole and tramadol in dosage forms and human plasma at nanogram levels. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 319:124532. [PMID: 38820815 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Letrozole is an anticancer medication prescribed for the management of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Chronic pain is prevalent in patients receiving chemotherapy, leading to the use of adjuvant analgesics such as tramadol. This work introduces the first analytical approach for the concurrent quantification of letrozole and tramadol, two co-administered drugs, employing a rapid, highly sensitive, eco-friendly, and cost-effective first derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric technique. The fluorescence of tramadol and letrozole was measured at wavelengths of 235.9 nm and 241.9 nm, respectively using a wavelength difference (Δλ) of 60.0 nm. The developed approach demonstrated exceptional linearity (r ˃ 0.999) within the specified concentration ranges for tramadol (10.0-1200.0 ng/mL) and letrozole (1.0-140.0 ng/mL). The results demonstrated that the proposed technique exhibits a high level of sensitivity, with detection limits of 0.569 and 0.143 ng/mL for tramadol and letrozole, respectively, indicating the good bioanalytical applicability. The within-run precisions, both intra-day and inter-day, for both analytes, were less than 0.71 % RSD. The developed approach was effectively applied to simultaneously estimate the mentioned drugs in their tablets and human plasma samples, achieving high percentage recoveries and low % RSD values. In order to assess the environmental sustainability of the developed approach, Analytical GREEnnessNNESS (AGREE) and the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) metric tools were employed. Both tools revealed that the developed approach is excellent green, suggesting its usage as an environmentally-friendly alternative for the routine assayof the investigated pharmaceuticals. The developed approach was validated according to the ICHQ2 (R1) requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Saad Radwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud El-Maghrabey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Fotouh R Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt
| | - Wael A Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar R Alsehli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Galal Magdy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33511, Egypt.
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Kokilambigai KS, Irina VM, Sheba Mariam KC, Adila K, Kathirvel S. Comprehensive overview of analytical and bioanalytical methodologies for the opioid analgesics - Tramadol and combinations. Anal Biochem 2024; 692:115579. [PMID: 38797485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic opioids like Tramadol are used to treat mild to moderate pain. Its ability to relieve pain is about a tenth that of morphine. Furthermore, Tramadol shares similar effects on serotonin and norepinephrine to several antidepressants known as serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), such as venlafaxine and duloxetine. The present review paper discusses the recent developments in analytical methods for identifying drugs in pharmaceutical preparations and toxicological materials, such as blood, saliva, urine, and hair. In recent years, a wide variety of analytical instruments, including capillary electrophoresis, NMR, UV-visible spectroscopy, HPTLC, HPLC, LC-MS, GC, GC-MS, and electrochemical sensors, have been used for drug identification in pharmaceutical preparations and toxicological samples. The primary quantification techniques currently employed for its quantification in various matrices are highlighted in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Kokilambigai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V M Irina
- Dr. Moopen's College of Pharmacy, Naseera Nagar, Meppadi PO, Wayanad, 673577, Kerala, India
| | - K C Sheba Mariam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National College of Pharmacy, Manassery, Mukkam Post., Kozhikode, 673602, Kerala, India
| | - K Adila
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National College of Pharmacy, Manassery, Mukkam Post., Kozhikode, 673602, Kerala, India
| | - S Kathirvel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National College of Pharmacy, Manassery, Mukkam Post., Kozhikode, 673602, Kerala, India.
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Al-Sabbah RA, Al-Tamimi SA, Alarfaj NA, El-Tohamy MF. Functionalized fennel extract-mediated alumina/cerium oxide nanocomposite potentiometric sensor for the determination of diclofenac sodium medication. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31425. [PMID: 38828354 PMCID: PMC11140610 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The current work suggests a new, ultrasensitive green functionalized sensor for the determination of anti-inflammatory medication diclofenac sodium (DCF). Alumina (Al2O3) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted great interest for their use as outstanding and electroactive nanocomposite in potentiometric and sensory research due to their ultrafunctional potential. The formed nanoparticles have been confirmed using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The fennel extract-mediated Al2O3/CeO2 nanocomposite (Al2O3/CeO2 NCS) modified coated wire membrane sensor developed in this study was used to quantify DCF in bulk and commercial products. Diclofenac sodium was coupled with phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) to generate diclofenac phosphomolybdate (DCF-PM) as an active ion-pair in the existence of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and o-nitrophenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE). Clear peaks at 270, and 303 nm with band gaps of 4.59 eV and 4.09 eV were measured using UV-vis spectroscopy of Al2O3 and CeO2, respectively. The crystallite sizes of the formed nanoparticles were XRD-determined to be 30.13 ± 8, 17.72 ± 3, and 35.8 ± 0.5 nm for Al2O3, CeO2, and Al2O3/CeO2 NCS, respectively. The developed sensor showed excellent response for the measurement and assay of DCF, with a linearity between 1.0 × 10-9 and 1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1. EmV = (57.76) log [DCF] +622.69 was derived. On the other hand, the typical type DCF-PM presented a potentiometric response range of 1.0 × 10-5-1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1 and a regression equation of EmV = (56.97) log [DCF]+367.16. The functionalized sensor that was proposed was successful in determining DCF in its commercial tablets with percent recovery 99.95 ± 0.3. Method validation has been used to improve the suitability of the suggested potentiometric technique, by studying various parameters with respect to the international council harmonization requirements for analytical methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana A. Al-Sabbah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma A. Al-Tamimi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal A. Alarfaj
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F. El-Tohamy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
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AlNahwa LHM, Ali HM, Hasanin THA, Shalaby K, Alshammari MS, Alsirhani AM, Mohamed SH. Development of an RP-HPLC Method for Quantifying Diclofenac Diethylamine, Methyl Salicylate, and Capsaicin in Pharmaceutical Formulation and Skin Samples. Molecules 2024; 29:2732. [PMID: 38930798 PMCID: PMC11206132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An RP-HPLC method with a UV detector was developed for the simultaneous quantification of diclofenac diethylamine, methyl salicylate, and capsaicin in a pharmaceutical formulation and rabbit skin samples. The separation was achieved using a Thermo Scientific ACCLAIMTM 120 C18 column (Waltham, MA, USA, 4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 µm). The optimized elution phase consisted of deionized water adjusted to pH = 3 using phosphoric acid mixed with acetonitrile in a 35:65% (v/v) ratio with isocratic elution. The flow rate was set at 0.7 mL/min, and the detection was performed at 205 nm and 25 °C. The method exhibits good linearity for capsaicin (0.05-70.0 µg/mL), methyl salicylate (0.05-100.0 µg/mL), and diclofenac diethylamine (0.05-100.0 µg/mL), with low LOD values (0.0249, 0.0271, and 0.0038 for capsaicin, methyl salicylate, and diclofenac diethylamine, respectively). The RSD% values were below 3.0%, indicating good precision. The overall greenness score of the method was 0.61, reflecting its environmentally friendly nature. The developed RP-HPLC method was successfully applied to analyze Omni Hot Gel® pharmaceutical formulation and rabbit skin permeation samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna H. M. AlNahwa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; (L.H.M.A.); (H.M.A.); (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Hazim M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; (L.H.M.A.); (H.M.A.); (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Tamer H. A. Hasanin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; (L.H.M.A.); (H.M.A.); (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Khaled Shalaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mutairah S. Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; (L.H.M.A.); (H.M.A.); (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Alaa M. Alsirhani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; (L.H.M.A.); (H.M.A.); (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Sabrein H. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; (L.H.M.A.); (H.M.A.); (M.S.A.); (A.M.A.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Koli R, Mannur VS, Shetti PP. Robust high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for stability assessment and simultaneous quantification of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and rosmarinic acid in lipid-based nanoparticles and biological matrices. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024. [PMID: 38623624 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skin cancer poses a significant health risk globally, necessitating effective and safe therapeutic interventions. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and rosmarinic acid (RA) from herbs like rosemary offer promising anticancer properties. Combining these compounds may enhance their effectiveness, prompting the need for a reliable analytical method to quantify them. OBJECTIVE Herein, we present the development and validation of a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for concurrent quantification of EGCG and RA in lipid-based nanoparticles and biological samples. METHODOLOGY The method underwent optimisation through design of experiments (DoE), resulting in the establishment of robust chromatographic conditions. The separation process utilised aluminium HPTLC plates coated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase, with the mobile phase comprising ethyl acetate, toluene, formic acid, and methanol in a ratio of 4:4:1:1 v/v. RESULTS The retention factor (Rf) values obtained were 0.38 for EGCG and 0.61 for RA. The method demonstrated linearity over a range of 100-500 ng/band for both compounds with excellent correlation coefficients. Limits of detection and quantification were determined, indicating high sensitivity. Precision evaluations revealed relative standard deviation below 2%, ensuring method reproducibility. Recovery assays in lipid-based nanoparticles, plasma, and urine samples demonstrated excellent recoveries (96.2%-102.1%). Forced degradation studies revealed minimal degradation under various stress conditions, with photolytic degradation showing the least impact. CONCLUSION The developed HPTLC method offers a rapid, sensitive, and reliable approach for quantifying EGCG and RA, laying the groundwork for their further investigation as anticancer agents alone and in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Koli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, KLE College of Pharmacy, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinod S Mannur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, KLE College of Pharmacy, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Priya P Shetti
- Dr Prabhakar Kore, Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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Singh A, Majumder A, Saidulu D, Bhattacharya A, Bhatnagar A, Gupta AK. Oxidative treatment of micropollutants present in wastewater: A special emphasis on transformation products, their toxicity, detection, and field-scale investigations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120339. [PMID: 38401495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Micropollutants have become ubiquitous in aqueous environments due to the increased use of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, and other compounds. In this review, the removal of micropollutants from aqueous matrices using various advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, sulfate radical-based AOPs, ozonation, and Fenton-based processes has been comprehensively discussed. Most of the compounds were successfully degraded with an efficiency of more than 90%, resulting in the formation of transformation products (TPs). In this respect, degradation pathways with multiple mechanisms, including decarboxylation, hydroxylation, and halogenation, have been illustrated. Various techniques for the analysis of micropollutants and their TPs have been discussed. Additionally, the ecotoxicity posed by these TPs was determined using the toxicity estimation software tool (T.E.S.T.). Finally, the performance and cost-effectiveness of the AOPs at the pilot scale have been reviewed. The current review will help in understanding the treatment efficacy of different AOPs, degradation pathways, and ecotoxicity of TPs so formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Singh
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Abhradeep Majumder
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Duduku Saidulu
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Animesh Bhattacharya
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, Mikkeli FI-50130, Finland
| | - Ashok Kumar Gupta
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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Rodríguez-Basso ÁG, Bonafede SL, Prado HJ. Concurrent Determination of Pridinol, Diclofenac and Impurity A by HPLC-UV. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 62:92-99. [PMID: 36912069 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of pridinol, diclofenac and diclofenac-related compounds in tablet formulations. The proposed method is also suitable for content uniformity determination, for dissolution test and for stability studies. Separation was achieved on a base-deactivated silica C8 column, using 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) and methanol (40:60 v/v) as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and column temperature of 40°C. Ultraviolet detection was made at 225 nm. The method was validated for specificity, accuracy, precision (intraday and interday levels) and linearity for each analyte. For diclofenac impurity A, sensitivity was also studied. The method showed specificity and linearity (R2: 0.999 for the three analytes) over the assessed concentration range (diclofenac: 2.5-75.0 μg/mL, pridinol: 2.0-60.0 μg/mL and impurity A: 1.25-5.0 μg/mL) and demonstrated good precision as reflected by the low coefficient of variation in all cases. Recovery rates obtained were 99.81, 100.58 and 100.96% for diclofenac, pridinol and impurity A respectively, and for all three analytes, the variances of the concentrations tested were equivalent. The detection and quantitation limits for impurity A were 0.078 and 0.261 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángeles Gloria Rodríguez-Basso
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Farmacología, Cátedra de Farmacología, Junín 956, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Silvina Laura Bonafede
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Cátedra de Calidad de Medicamentos, Junín 956, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
| | - Héctor Juan Prado
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Cátedra de Tecnología Farmacéutica II, Junín 956, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Tecnología Farmacéutica y Biofarmacia (InTecFyB), Junín 956, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires C113AAD, Argentina
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El Kacemi M, El Orche A, Elhamdaoui O, Laouni A, Azougagh M, Karrouchi K, Bouatia M, El Karbane M. Validation of an HPLC Method for the Determination of Diclofenac Diethylamine and Three of Its Impurities in a Gel Pharmaceutical Form. J AOAC Int 2023; 106:1443-1454. [PMID: 37410083 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring impurities in drug products is a principal requirement of pharmaceutical regulatory authorities all over the world to ensure drug safety. For this reason, there is a great need for analytical QC of dugs products. OBJECTIVE In this study, a simple, efficient, and direct HPLC method was developed for the determination of three impurities of diclofenac. METHODS The HPLC method was developed using a mobile phase which consisted of an HPLC grade mixture, acetonitrile-0.01M phosphoric acid adjusted to pH 2.3 (1 + 3, by volume). RESULTS The separation was performed in 15 min. The calibration curves of the three impurities were linear; the correlation coefficients were 0.999 at concentrations of 0.00015-0.003 µg/mL. CONCLUSION The validation of this method shows that it meets all validation criteria. This shows the reliability of this method for the routine control of diclofenac impurities. HIGHLIGHTS The validation of a robust HPLC method for the determination of diclofenac impurities is of great importance for the pharmaceutical industry to control its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounir El Kacemi
- Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie, mpasse souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Aimen El Orche
- Laboratory of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Campus Mghilla, BP 523, Béni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Omar Elhamdaoui
- Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie, mpasse souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Amine Laouni
- Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie, mpasse souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Azougagh
- Mohammed V University, Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceuticals Sciences Groupe Research - National Graduate School of Arts and Crafts (ENSAM), 6207 Av. des Forces Armées Royales, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Khalid Karrouchi
- Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie, mpasse souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Bouatia
- Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie, mpasse souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Miloud El Karbane
- Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Bromatologie, mpasse souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco
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Affiliation(s)
- David Love
- United States Drug Enforcement Administration, Special Testing and Research Laboratory, USA
| | - Nicole S. Jones
- RTI International, Applied Justice Research Division, Center for Forensic Sciences, 3040 E. Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 22709-2194, USA,70113th Street, N.W., Suite 750, Washington, DC, 20005-3967, USA,Corresponding author. RTI International, Applied Justice Research Division, Center for Forensic Sciences, 3040 E. Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 22709-2194, USA.
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TARAWNEH IN, SHMEIS RA, ALFUQAHA SM, AL OMARI MM. Determination of N-nitrosodimethyl amine impurity in valsartan by HPLC and LC-MS/MS methods. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjac.2022.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Baniahmad B, Hassani Nadiki H, Jahani S, Nezamabadi-Pour N, Toolabi A, Foroughi MM. Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Chlorzoxazone and Diclofenac on an Efficient Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Lanthanum Oxide@ Copper(I) Sulfide Composite. Front Chem 2022; 10:889590. [PMID: 35783211 PMCID: PMC9247392 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.889590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study synthesized a La2O3@snowflake-like Cu2S composite to fabricate an electrochemical sensor for sensitively simultaneous detection of diclofenac and chlorzoxazone exploiting an easy hydrothermal approach, followed by analysis with XRD, FE-SEM, and EDX methods. According to voltammetric studies, the electrocatalytic diclofenac and chlorzoxazone oxidations on the electrode modified with La2O3@SF-L Cu2S composites were increased, with greater oxidation currents, as well as the oxidation potential was significantly decreased due to synergetic impact of La2O3@SF-L Cu2S composites when compared with the pure SF-L Cu2S NS-modified electrode. The differential pulse voltammetry findings showed wide straight lines (0.01–900.0 μM) for La2O3 NP@SF-L Cu2S NS-modified electrode with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.7 and 2.3 nM for the detection of diclofenac and chlorzoxazone, respectively. In addition, the limit of quantification was calculated to be 5.7 and 7.6 nM for diclofenac and chlorzoxazone, respectively. The diffusion coefficient was calculated to be 1.16 × 10−5and 8.4 × 10−6 cm2/s for diclofenac and chlorzoxazone oxidation on the modified electrode, respectively. Our proposed electrode was examined for applicability by detecting diclofenac and chlorzoxazone in real specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Baniahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassani Nadiki
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shohreh Jahani
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
- *Correspondence: Shohreh Jahani, ; Mohammad Mehdi Foroughi,
| | | | - Ali Toolabi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Foroughi
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
- *Correspondence: Shohreh Jahani, ; Mohammad Mehdi Foroughi,
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ALSaeedy M, Al-Adhreai A, Öncü-Kaya EM, Şener E. An Overview of Advances in the Chromatography of Drugs Impurity Profiling. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 53:1455-1471. [PMID: 35180027 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2032587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
A systematic literature survey published in several journals of pharmaceutical chemistry and of chromatography used to analyze impurities for most of the drugs that have been reviewed. This article covers the period from 2016 to 2020, in which almost of chromatographic techniques have been used for drug impurity analysis. These chromatography techniques are important in the analysis and description of drug impurities. Moreover, some recent developments in forced impurity profiling have been discussed, such as buffer solutions, mobile phase, columns, elution modes, and detectors are highlighted in drugs used for the study. This primarily focuses on thorough updating of different analytical methods which include hyphenated techniques for detecting and quantifying impurity and degradation levels in various pharmaceutical matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed ALSaeedy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Dhamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Arwa Al-Adhreai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Dhamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
- Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad, India
| | - Elif Mine Öncü-Kaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Erol Şener
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Sakira AK, Ouattara MSMJ, Yabre M, Bande M, Some TI. Contribution to the Detection of Poor Quality Sildenafil Drugs in Burkina Faso Using High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:4093859. [PMID: 34691802 PMCID: PMC8528628 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4093859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In substandard drugs enforcement, there is a need to develop reliable, fast, and inexpensive analytical methods. Due to its very characteristics, HPTLC offers opportunities for the development of methods that meet these requirements. This technique was used to develop and validate a method for the determination of sildenafil in pharmaceutical formulations from the licit and illicit supply chain in Burkina Faso. Taking into account optimization parameters such as measurement wavelength and mobile phase composition, the best elution quality is found at the maximum signals of spots on silica plates at 305 nm, using a mixture of dichloromethane-methanol mixture 9 : 1 (v/v) proportions. The method developed under these conditions was validated using the accuracy profile as a decision tool. The establishment of the response function curves allowed the choice of the polynomial function applied to the peak areas. This mathematical model provides a validity range between 0.4 and 0.6 mg/mL. The application of the developed and validated method to collected samples allowed the detection of two substandard drugs and confirmed the poor quality of drugs in the illicit market. More data using this approach in a variety of drug molecules could lead to the establishment of databases of counterfeit drugs in Burkina Faso.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoul Karim Sakira
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Environnement et Santé (LATES), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences de La Santé (ED2S), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Mitéhélé Sandrine Marie Josiane Ouattara
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Environnement et Santé (LATES), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences de La Santé (ED2S), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Moussa Yabre
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Environnement et Santé (LATES), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences de La Santé (ED2S), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Moumouni Bande
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Environnement et Santé (LATES), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences de La Santé (ED2S), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Touridomon Issa Some
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Environnement et Santé (LATES), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences de La Santé (ED2S), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Gamal M, Naguib IA, Abdelfatah RM. Simultaneous analysis of oxytetracycline hydrochloride, lidocaine, and bromhexine hydrochloride in the presence of many interfering excipients. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100131. [PMID: 34131945 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A gradient elution high-performance liquid chromatographic method with a diode array detector is introduced for the first time for the simultaneous estimation of three drugs, namely, oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OXT), lidocaine (LDC), and bromhexine hydrochloride (BRH), in a veterinary formulation (OxyClear® solution) that contains many interfering additives. The method used a C-8 column. The chromatographic eluting solution included acidified water (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water) and acetonitrile at a 1-ml/min flow rate and 254 nm as a nominated detection wavelength. The chromatographic process was assessed in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. OXT, LDC, and BRH were linear in the range of 1-60, 5-100, and 1-60 μg/ml, respectively. The three drugs were determined successfully without the interference of three excipients having UV absorbances. Furthermore, the purities of the peaks of the three drugs were confirmed by comparing the UV spectra of investigated peaks to the UV reference spectra in Clarke's Analysis of Drugs and Poisons. The greenness value of the method was 0.69 with a faint green-colored pictogram using the AGREE tool. These merits recommend the application of the planned method in QC laboratories for purity testing and concentration assays for the pure drugs and commercial formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Gamal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia.,Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab M Abdelfatah
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Kelani KM, Hegazy MA, Hassan AM, Tantawy MA. Determination of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate and their official impurities in eye drops and biological fluid rabbit aqueous humor by a validated LC-DAD method. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7051-7058. [PMID: 35423192 PMCID: PMC8694919 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10598h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated, as per the ICH guidelines, for simultaneous determination of naphazoline HCl (NPZ) & pheniramine maleate (PHN) along with three of their official impurities. Chromatographic separation was performed on a hypersil ODS column (5 mm, 250-4.6 mm i.d.) with isocratic elution using phosphate buffer pH 6.0: acetonitrile (70 : 30, v/v) as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 and UV detection at 260.0 nm. The developed method was found to be linear over the concentration ranges of 5.00-45.00 μg mL-1 for NPZ and NPZ impurity B and 10.00-110.00 μg mL-1, 10-70 μg mL-1 and 10-120 μg mL-1 for PHN, and PHN impurity A and B, respectively, with correlation coefficient values <0.999 for the five cited compounds. The method was confirmed to be accurate, robust and precise with RSD >2.0%. LOD and LOQ values for the five cited compounds were calculated. Moreover, the method was also validated in rabbit aqueous humor as per the US food and drug administration (FDA) bioanalytical validation guidelines. Finally, the proposed method was applied for the analysis of the two drugs along with their impurities in dosage form and spiked aqueous humor samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga M Kelani
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr el Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information El-hadaba El-Wosta, Mokatam, 5th district Cairo Egypt
| | - Maha A Hegazy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr el Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Amal M Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information El-hadaba El-Wosta, Mokatam, 5th district Cairo Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Tantawy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr el Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University 6 October City Giza Egypt
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Abdelshakour MA, Hadad GM, Abdel Salam RA, Abo-ElMatty DM, Abdel Hameed EA. HPLC and UPLC-MS/MS methods for analyzing TRAMADOL in 70 medicinal illegal products: Application to counterfeit study. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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El-Yazbi AF, Guirguis KM, Bedair MM, Belal TS. Validated specific HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous estimation of paracetamol and chlorzoxazone in the presence of five of their degradation products and toxic impurities. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1853-1861. [PMID: 32894703 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1821054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work demonstrates a specific and reliable HPLC with diode array detection (DAD) method for the simultaneous estimation of paracetamol (PAR) and chlorzoxazone (CZ) in the presence of five of their degradation products and toxic impurities; namely; 4-aminophenol (AP), 4-nitrophenol (NP), acetanilide (AT), 4-chloroacetanilide (CA) and 2-amino-4-chlorophenol (ACP). Successful chromatographic separation was accomplished using Waters Symmetry C8 column (3.9 × 150 mm, 5 μm) with gradient elution of the mobile phase consisting of 0.05 M phosphate buffer pH 7.5 and methanol. The gradient elution started with 5% (by volume) methanol ramped up linearly to 50% in 10 min, and then maintained at this percentage afterward till the end of the run. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The multiple wavelength detector was adjusted at 244 and 285 nm to quantify PAR and CZ, respectively. Additionally, the wavelength 270 nm was found suitable for monitoring the separation of the entire mixture of PAR, CZ, and their impurities. Seven peaks eluted with excellent resolution at retention times 3.4, 5.7, 8.0, 10.1, 10.8, 13.5, and 14.4 min for AP, PAR, NP, AT, ACP, CZ, and CA, respectively. Performance of the proposed method was validated with respect to linearity, range, precision, accuracy, specificity, robustness, detection, and quantitation limits. Calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 10-75 and 10-100 µg/mL for PAR and CZ, respectively with correlation coefficients not less than 0.9998. The proposed method proved to be specific and stability indicating by the resolution of both drugs from their degradation products and toxic impurities. Validated HPLC method was successfully applied to the analysis of PAR and CZ in their combined capsules dosage form, and assay results were favorably compared with a published reference HPLC method. DAD served as an efficient tool for peak identity and purity verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira F El-Yazbi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Karin M Guirguis
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona M Bedair
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek S Belal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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