1
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Elik A, Demirkol Y, Ul Haq H, Boczkaj G, Sanaullah, Altunay N. Development of an orbital shaker-assisted fatty acid-based switchable solvent microextraction procedure for rapid and green extraction of amoxicillin from complex matrices: Central composite design. Food Chem 2024; 454:139785. [PMID: 38823199 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a cheap, fast and simple orbital shaker-assisted fatty acid-based switchable solvent microextraction (OS-FASS-ME) procedure was developed for the extraction of amoxicillin (AMOX) in dairy products, pharmaceutical samples and wastewater prior to its spectrophotometric analysis. Fatty acid-based switchable solvents were investigated for extracting AMOX. The key factors of the OS-FASS-ME procedure were optimized using a central composite design. The linearity of OS-FASS-ME procedure was in the range 5-600 ng mL-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.991. In five replicate experiments for 20 ng mL-1 of AMOX solution, the recovery and relative standard deviation were 95.8% and 2.2%, respectively. Limits of detection and quantification were found 1.5 ng mL-1 and 5 ng mL-1, respectively. The accuracy, precision, robustness and selectivity of the OS-FASS-ME procedure were investigated in detail under optimum conditions. The OS-FASS-ME procedure was applied to milk, cheese, wastewater, syrups and tablets. A comparison of the results obtained from the reference method and the OS-FASS-ME method showed that the OS-FASS-ME procedure can be successfully applied to complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Elik
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Yağmur Demirkol
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Hameed Ul Haq
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sanaullah
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Nail Altunay
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Sivas, Turkey.
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2
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Cárdenas S. The role of sustainable materials in sample preparation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:2049-2056. [PMID: 37910201 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Sample preparation is a constantly evolving step in the measurement process with a positive effect on its performance. Its evolution has been marked by an underlying environmental commitment, with simplification, miniaturization, and automation being three of its driving forces. This trends article deepens how the sample preparation can go sustainable through the efficient design of new sorptive materials, either liquid or solid. This objective can be achieved by using natural and/or biodegradable materials as precursors of the functional sorptive phases and by designing materials that simplify the procedures (thus reducing the energy or resources required). Although environmental performance is a crucial aspect of a new material, its applicability is what really defines its incorporation into the sample preparation toolbox. For this reason, their characteristics and more relevant applications will be briefly presented to conclude with the tendency of their use in the very near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Cárdenas
- Affordable and Sustainable Sample Preparation Research Group (AS2P), Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Químico Para La Energía y El Medioambiente (IQUEMA), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
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3
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Terzi M, Manousi N, Tzanavaras PD, Zacharis CK. Utilization of a pH-switchable hydrophilicity solvent for the microextraction of clomipramine from human urine samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1235:124060. [PMID: 38417274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Clomipramine (CLP) is a tricyclic antidepressant drug, and its determination in biological samples is of high importance in clinical and forensic evaluations to assure appropriate drug concentrations. In the present study, benzoic acid was employed as a pH-switchable hydrophilicity solvent (SHS) for the microextraction of CLP from authentic human urine samples prior to its determination by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The microextraction protocol was based on the phase transition of the SHS through pH alteration that resulted in its rapid dispersion and simultaneous phase separation. The obtained solid was collected in a syringe filter, dissolved in methanol, and analyzed. The main parameters that affected the efficiency of the microextraction procedure were studied and optimized to ensure high extraction efficiency for CLP and the analytical method was validated. Under optimum conditions, good linearity was observed between 0.05 and 5.0 μg mL-1. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.015 and 0.05 μg mL-1, respectively. The RSD values for intra-day repeatability and inter-day precision were 2.4-8.9 % and 1.7-9.1 %, respectively. The relative recovery values were within 90.0 and 110.0 % in all cases, demonstrating good method accuracy. The proposed SHS microextraction showed cost-efficiency, handling simplicity, and rapidity resulting in enhanced sample throughput. Moreover, the proposed method exhibited a green character and good applicability based on its evaluation by Green Analytical Procedure Index and Blue Applicability Grade Index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Terzi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Natalia Manousi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Paraskevas D Tzanavaras
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Constantinos K Zacharis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Ullah N, Haseeb A, Tuzen M. Application of Recently used Green Solvents in Sample Preparation Techniques: A Comprehensive Review of Existing Trends, Challenges, and Future Opportunities. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37067946 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2197495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Green solvents (GSs) has gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential as safer and more sustainable alternatives to traditional organic solvents. Solvents are used in a wide range of applications, from industrial processes to everyday products. Solvent emissions and losses can have a significant impact on the environment and human health, which is why many initiatives are being undertaken to get rid of or switch to eco-friendly alternatives. A key area of green chemistry that led to the concept of "green" solvents is the development of alternative solvents that are less toxic and more environmentally friendly than traditional organic solvents. The advantages of using green solvents over conventional ones are their environmental friendliness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and simplicity of preparation. Different sample preparation techniques have successfully utilized green solvents to offer a sustainable separation media for the extraction of a variety of inorganic and organic compounds which are crucial for research in environmental samples. Recent developments in green analytical chemistry (GAC) have focused on how to prepare and use samples using environmentally sustainable solvents. The current study covers the advance and currently used green solvents with an emphasis on environmentally friendly sample preparation methods. This review aims to briefly summarize the current state of knowledge about the use of green solvents particularly ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents and switchable solvents (SSs) with the perspective of GAC in sample preparation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Ullah
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Chemistry Department, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Science, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- National Institute of Oceanography, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mustafa Tuzen
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Chemistry Department, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Billet R, Zeng B, Lockhart J, Gattrell M, Zhao H, Zhang X. Dissolution dynamics of a binary switchable hydrophilicity solvent-polymer drop into an acidic aqueous phase. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:295-305. [PMID: 36520098 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01275h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Switchable hydrophilicity solvents (SHSs) are solvents defined by their ability to switch from their hydrophobic form to a hydrophilic form when brought into contact with an acidic trigger such as CO2. As a consequence, SHSs qualify as promising alternatives to volatile organic compounds during industrial solvent extraction processes, as greener and inexpensive methods can be applied to separate and recover SHSs. Furthermore, because of their less volatile nature, SHSs are less flammable and so increase the safety of a larger scale extraction process. In this work, we study the dynamics and in-drop phase separation during the dissolution process of a drop composed of a SHS and a polymer, triggered by an acid in the surrounding aqueous environment. From 70 different experimental conditions, we found a scaling relationship between the drop dissolution time and the initial volume with an overall scaling coefficient of ∼0.53. We quantitatively assessed and found a shorter dissolution time related to a decrease in the pH of the aqueous phase or an increase in the initial polymer concentration in the drop. Examining the internal state of the drop during the dissolution revealed an in-drop phase separation behavior, resulting in a porous morphology of the final polymer particle. Our experimental results provide a microscopic view of the SHS dissolution process from droplets, and findings may help design SHS extraction processes for particle formation from emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Billet
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Binglin Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | | | | | | | - Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Elik A, Altunay N. Optimization of vortex-assisted switchable hydrophilicity solvent liquid phase microextraction for the selective extraction of vanillin in different matrices prior to spectrophotometric analysis. Food Chem 2023; 399:133929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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7
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Sharma A, Chakraborty P, Sunny, Kumar S. Multifaceted Perspectives and Advancements of CO2 Capturing Switchable Polarity Solvents and Supercritical Solvents. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Determination of trace metal ions in Gentiana rigescens by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry after deep eutectic solvent-based digestion and related pharmacodynamic evaluation. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1221:340109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Snigur D, Duboviy V, Barbalat D, Zhukovetska O, Chebotarev A, Bevziuk K. A rapid room-temperature cloud point extraction for spectrophotometric determination of Copper (II) with 6,7-dihydroxy-2,4-diphenylbenzopyrylium chloride. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:949-954. [PMID: 35587860 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The conditions for the surfactant rich phase of Triton X-100 formation and the extraction of Copper (II) as a complex with 6,7-dihydroxy-2,4-diphenylbenzopyrylium chloride at room temperature have been optimized. It was shown that the sodium salt of p-toluic acid can be used as a chemical initiator of cloud point extraction. The optimal conditions for room temperature cloud point extraction were found to be: pH 5.0; 1 v/v.% Triton X-100; 3.75·10-2 M sodium salt of p-toluic acid and the addition of 0.5 M H2SO4 solution to pH 5.0. The formation of the surfactant rich phase begins instantly. The 2-propanol was proposed as a diluent for the surfactant rich phase. The calibration graph is linear in the range of Copper (II) concentrations of 6-870 μg/L, and the limit of detection and limit of determination are 1.8 and 6 μg/L, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the spectrophotometric determination of Copper (II) in water samples with a relative standard deviation not exceeding 4.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denys Snigur
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine.
| | - Vitaliy Duboviy
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Barbalat
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine
| | - Olena Zhukovetska
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine
| | - Alexandr Chebotarev
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Bevziuk
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Odesa, 65082, Ukraine
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10
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Skok A, Bazel Y, Vishnikin A. New analytical methods for the determination of sulfur species with microextraction techniques: a review. J Sulphur Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2022.2045294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arina Skok
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Yaroslav Bazel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andriy Vishnikin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Oles Honchar National University, Dnipro, Ukraine
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11
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Jiménez-Skrzypek G, Ortega-Zamora C, González-Sálamo J, Hernández-Borges J. Miniaturized green sample preparation approaches for pharmaceutical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 207:114405. [PMID: 34653744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of green sample preparation procedures is an extremely important research field in which more and more applications are constantly being proposed in different areas, including pharmaceutical analysis. This review article is aimed at providing a general overview of the development of miniaturized green analytical sample preparation procedures in the pharmaceutical analysis field, with special focus on the works published between January 2017 and July 2021. Particular attention has been paid to the application of environmentally friendly solvents and sorbents as well as nanomaterials or high extraction capacity sorbents in which the solvent volumes and reagents amounts are drastically reduced, with their subsequent advantages from the sustainability point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Jiménez-Skrzypek
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España
| | - Cecilia Ortega-Zamora
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España
| | - Javier González-Sálamo
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
| | - Javier Hernández-Borges
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España; Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, España.
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Rajendran S, Loh SH, Ariffin MM, Khalik WMAWM. CO2-Effervescence in Liquid Phase Microextraction for the Determination of Micropollutants in Environmental Water: a Review. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934821120091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Scheid C, Eller S, Oenning AL, Carasek E, Merib J, de Oliveira TF. Application of Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Microextraction with Switchable Hydrophilicity Solvents to the Determination of MDMA, MDA and NBOMes in Postmortem Blood Samples. J Anal Toxicol 2021; 46:776-782. [PMID: 34518876 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkab100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic drugs for recreational purposes are in constant evolution and their consumption promote a significant increase in intoxication cases, resulting in damaging public health. The development of analytical methodologies to confirm the consumption of illicit drugs in biological matrices are required for control of these substances. This work exploited the development of an extraction method based on homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction with switchable hydrophilicity solvent as extraction phase (SHS-HLLME) for the determination of the synthetic drugs MDMA, MDA and NBOMes (25B, 25C and 25I) in postmortem blood, followed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in tandem (LC-MS/MS). The optimized sample preparation conditions consisted of using 250 µL of ZnSO4 10% and 50 µL of NaOH 1 mol/L in the protein precipitation step; N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) was used as switchable hydrophilicity solvent (SHS), 650 μL of a mixture of SHS:HCl 6 mol/L (1:1 v/v), 500 μL of whole blood, 500 μL of NaOH 10 mol/L and 1 min of extraction time. The proposed method was validated, providing determination coefficients higher than 0.99 for all analytes; LOD and LOQ ranged from 0.1 to 10 ng/mL; intra-run precision from 2.16 to 9.19%; inter-run precision from 2.39 to 9.59%; bias from 93.57 to 115.71%; and matrix effects from 28.94 to 51.54%. The developed method was successfully applied to four authentic postmortem blood samples from synthetic drugs users, and it was found to be reliable with good selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Scheid
- Pharmacosciences Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Sarah Eller
- Pharmacosciences Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Anderson Luiz Oenning
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Carasek
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Josias Merib
- Pharmacosciences Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Tiago Franco de Oliveira
- Pharmacosciences Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
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Grau J, Azorín C, Benedé JL, Chisvert A, Salvador A. Use of green alternative solvents in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction: A review. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:210-222. [PMID: 34490730 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction is one of the most widely used microextraction techniques currently in the analytical chemistry field, mainly due to its simplicity and rapidity. The operational mode of this approach has been constantly changing since its introduction, adapting to new trends and applications. Most of these changes are related to the nature of the solvent employed for the microextraction. From the classical halogenated solvents (e.g., chloroform or dichloromethane), different alternatives have been proposed in order to obtain safer and non-pollutants microextraction applications. In this sense, low-density solvents, such as alkanols, switchable hydrophobicity solvents, and ionic liquids were the first and most popular replacements for halogenated solvents, which provided similar or better results than these classical dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction solvents. However, despite the good performances obtained with low-density solvents and ionic liquids, researchers have continued investigating in order to obtain even greener solvents for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. For that reason, in this review, the evolution over the last five years of the three types of solvents already mentioned and two of the most promising solvent alternatives (i.e., deep eutectic solvents and supramolecular solvents), have been studied in detail with the purpose of discussing which one provides the greenest alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Grau
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, GICAPC Research group, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Cristian Azorín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, GICAPC Research group, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Juan L Benedé
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, GICAPC Research group, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Alberto Chisvert
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, GICAPC Research group, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Amparo Salvador
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, GICAPC Research group, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
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15
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Yang X, Yan C, Sun Y, Liu Y, Yang S, Deng Q, Wen X. Micro-spectrophotometric determination of nickel in Gentiana rigescens after switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based ultrasound-assisted liquid phase microextraction. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based preconcentration for ICP-OES determination of trace lead in environmental samples. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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17
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18
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Sustainable green solvents for microextraction techniques: Recent developments and applications. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1640:461944. [PMID: 33556679 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The development and application of alternative green solvents in analytical techniques consist of trends in sample preparation, since this subject represents an important step toward sustainability in experimental procedures. This review is focused on the main theoretical aspects related to deep eutectic solvents (DES), switchable hydrophilicity solvents (SHS) and supramolecular solvents (SUPRAS). Recent applications are highlighted, particularly for the extraction of different analytes from environmental, biological and food matrices. Moreover, novel configurations are emphasized, aiming for efficient, automated and high-throughput procedures. This review also provides some critical points regarding the use of these solvents and their green aspects.
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Shah J, Kotadiya R. A Critical Review on Analytical Methods for Recently Approved FDC Drugs: Pregabalin and Etoricoxib. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:1048-1068. [PMID: 33307732 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1855411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) refer to products containing two or more active ingredients combined in a single dosage form. The FDCs are justified because of several advantages. These are a) potentiating therapeutic efficacy, b) reducing the incidences of adverse drug effects, c) having pharmacokinetic advantages, d) reducing pills burden, e) reducing the dose of individual drugs and f) decreasing the drug resistance development. A recently approved FDC of Pregabalin IP (75 mg) and Etoricoxib (60 mg) recommended to control neuropathic chronic back pain. Analytical methods are available for individual quantitation of pregabalin (PGB) and etoricoxib (ETC), but an effective and reliable analytical method has not been reported for their combination. Thus, the objective of this literature survey was to gather information on various analytical instrumental methods used so far for the individual quantitation of PGB and ETC in various matrices. Such data would be useful to the scientific community to develop a novel analytical method for the analysis of recently approved FDC of PGB and ETC. Various scientific databases were explored to meet the objectives, and the information is synchronized. The reported methods are high-performance liquid chromatography (48% & 53%), hyphenated techniques (54% & 21%), spectroscopy (50% & 34%), and high-performance thin-layer chromatography, or thin-layer chromatography (6% & 13%) for pregabalin and etoricoxib, respectively. All these methods were specific and selective for the analysis of individual drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janvi Shah
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajendra Kotadiya
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India
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A rapid cloud point extraction of Molybdenum(VI) with 6,7-dihydroxy-2,4-diphenylbenzopyrylium perchlorate prior to its spectrophotometric determination. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Klochkova A, Barbalat D, Chebotarev A, Snigur D. Dispersive liquid–liquid semi-microextraction of molybdenum(VI) with 6,7-dihydroxy-2,4-diphenylbenzopyrylium chloride for its spectrophotometric determination. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-02008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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