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Nishan U, Jabeen N, Badshah A, Muhammad N, Shah M, Ullah I, Afridi S, Iqbal J, Asad M, Ullah R, Ali EA, Ahmed S, Ojha SC. Nanozyme-based sensing of dopamine using cobalt-doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposite from waste bones. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1364700. [PMID: 38694624 PMCID: PMC11061722 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1364700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is one of the most important neurotransmitters and plays a crucial role in various neurological, renal, and cardiovascular systems. However, the abnormal levels of dopamine mainly point to Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Hydroxyapatite (HAp), owing to its catalytic nature, nanoporous structure, easy synthesis, and biocompatibility, is a promising matrix material. These characteristics make HAp a material of choice for doping metals such as cobalt. The synthesized cobalt-doped hydroxyapatite (Co-HAp) was used as a colorimetric sensing platform for dopamine. The successful synthesis of the platform was confirmed by characterization with FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA, etc. The platform demonstrated intrinsic peroxidase-like activity in the presence of H2O2, resulting in the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The proposed sensor detected dopamine in a linear range of 0.9-35 μM, a limit of detection of 0.51 µM, limit of quantification of 1.7 µM, and an R2 of 0.993. The optimization of the proposed sensor was done with different parameters, such as the amount of mimic enzyme, H2O2, pH, TMB concentration, and time. The proposed sensor showed the best response at 5 mg of the mimic enzyme, pH 5, 12 mM TMB, and 8 mM H2O2, with a short response time of only 2 min. The fabricated platform was successfully applied to detect dopamine in physiological solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Nishan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Jabeen
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Amir Badshah
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohibullah Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Neurology, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Saifullah Afridi
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Asad
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Suvash Chandra Ojha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Zhang S, Li C, Sun Z, Liu J, Fu G. Nitrocellulose membranes in situ grown with Prussian blue nanoparticles as stable nanozyme pads for colorimetric detection of dopamine. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5139-5145. [PMID: 37781895 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Prussian blue (PB) is a typical peroxidase mimic with simple preparation, low cost and high eco-friendliness, but it still has drawbacks of poor stability (e.g., decomposition in aqueous dispersions) and intrinsic optical interference (e.g., high extinction coefficient over a wide wavelength range) in colorimetric assays. Herein, we used nitrocellulose (NC) membranes as synthesis hosts of PB nanoparticles (NPs) to develop a new type of three-dimensional (3D) porous nanozyme pad. By means of an in situ synthesis route, PB NPs were uniformly grown on the surfaces of the fiber scaffolds with desirable stability, which also avoided signal interference from PB NPs owing to the easy handling of the pads in a quantitative solid state. The pads showed significant peroxidase-mimicking activity toward the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) with the output of colorimetric signals. Based on the reduction of oxidized TMB (oxTMB) by dopamine (DA), the pads were exploited for simple and quantitative colorimetric detection of DA with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.59 μM and a satisfactory accuracy for analysis of real human urine samples. This is the first attempt at exploiting NC membranes as the synthesis hosts to develop nanozyme pads, which solves the above drawbacks of traditional PB-based peroxidase mimics and has promise for various colorimetric bioanalyses, given the structural benefits of NC membranes and their broad applications in biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China.
| | - Cuili Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China.
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
| | - Guanglei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China.
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Lee HB, Son SE, Seong GH. Apta-sensor for selective determination of dopamine using chitosan-stabilized Prussian blue nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37427764 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00799e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan-stabilized Prussian blue nanoparticles (CS/PBNPs) were fabricated by a simple synthetic method and used to develop a novel aptamer-based colorimetric assay for selective determination of dopamine (DA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images exhibited a uniform shape of the CS/PBNPs with an average diameter of 37.0 ± 3.2 nm. The CS/PBNPs exhibited strong peroxidase-like activity that catalyzed the reaction between 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Chitosan was used for stabilization of the PBNPs and fixation of the DA aptamer on the surface of the CS/PBNPs. The catalytic mechanism of the CS/PBNPs was confirmed to involve first the decomposition of H2O2 into a hydroxyl radical (˙OH) and then oxidation of TMB by the ˙OH to produce a blue color. An aptamer-based colorimetric assay was made with the CS/PBNPs to detect DA at concentrations of 0.25-100 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.16 μM. For comparison, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-based apta-sensor detected DA in concentrations of 1-25 μM with a LOD of 0.55 μM. The recovery results of DA concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 1 μM) from spiked human serum were 92.6%, 102.1%, and 103.9%, verifying the reliability and reproducibility of the CS/PBNP-based apta-sensor for determination of DA level in clinical applications. Moreover, compared to traditional immunoassay, this aptamer-based nanozyme activation/inhibition system needs no washing step, which is very useful to shorten the assay time and maintain high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Been Lee
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
| | - Seong Eun Son
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
| | - Gi Hun Seong
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
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Li R, Fan L, Chen S, Wang L, Cui Y, Ma G, Zhang X, Liu Z. Zwitterionic Sulfhydryl Sulfobetaine Stabilized Platinum Nanoparticles for Enhanced Dopamine Detection and Antitumor Ability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55201-55216. [PMID: 36458592 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, three kinds of molecules were used to modify the surface of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) to tune their surface charge. Zwitterionic thiol-functionalized sulfobetaine (SH-SB) stabilized Pt NPs (SH-SB/Pt NPs) had the highest oxidase activity and peroxidase activity in the prepared platinum nanozymes due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. In addition, a colorimetric dopamine detection method was established based on the peroxidase activity of SH-SB/Pt NPs. This method had a wide range (0-120 μM), a low detection limit (0.244 μM), and high specificity. More importantly, SH-SB/Pt NPs displayed little hemolysis and good stability in the presence of proteins. SH-SB/Pt NPs demonstrated high cytotoxicity in vitro and good antitumor ability in vivo, which was attributed to the photothermal conversion ability of SH-SB/Pt NPs and the generation of reactive oxygen species in the acidic environment. The surface modification of nanozymes using zwitterionic molecules opens a new method to improve the catalytic activity and antitumor ability of nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-biotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China
| | - Liyuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-biotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China
| | - Shengfu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310027, China
| | - Longgang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-biotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China
| | - Yanshuai Cui
- Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Qinhuangdao066102, China
| | - Guanglong Ma
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO166YD, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-biotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-biotechnology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China
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Metallic deep eutectic solvents-assisted synthesis of Cu, Cl-doped carbon dots as oxidase-like and peroxidase-like nanozyme for colorimetric assay of hydroquinone and H2O2. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zhu Z, Gong L, Miao X, Chen C, Su S. Prussian Blue Nanoparticle Supported MoS 2 Nanocomposites as a Peroxidase-Like Nanozyme for Colorimetric Sensing of Dopamine. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:260. [PMID: 35624561 PMCID: PMC9139080 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An abnormal level of dopamine (DA) is usually related to neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Herein, cubic-shaped, Prussian blue nanoparticle-supported MoS2 nanocomposites (MoS2-CPBNPs) were prepared as peroxidase-like nanozymes for the label-free, colorimetric detection of DA. As expected, the as-prepared MoS2-CPBNPs nanozymes have outstanding peroxidase-like mimicking activity, which can catalyze 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to generate blue, oxidized TMB in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). DA can inhibit the oxidation of TMB, which causes blue solutions to fade and become colorless. According to this phenomenon, the developed colorimetric sensor can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze DA ranging from 0 to 300 μM with a detection limit of 0.09 μM. In addition, the high recovery and low relative standard deviation for practical DA determination suggested that this colorimetric sensor has potential for application in biological biosensing and diagnostic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhu
- Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology, 1 Jianxiong Road, Suzhou 215411, China; (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Lingbo Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Xiangyang Miao
- Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology, 1 Jianxiong Road, Suzhou 215411, China; (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Chaoyang Chen
- Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology, 1 Jianxiong Road, Suzhou 215411, China; (Z.Z.); (X.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Shao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
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Chen D, Jiang L, Lei T, Xiao G, Wang Y, Zuo X, Li B, Li L, Wang J. Magnetic CuFe 2O 4 with intrinsic protease-like activity inhibited cancer cell proliferation and migration through mediating intracellular proteins. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2022; 5:100038. [PMID: 36825110 PMCID: PMC9934488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease has been widely used in biological and industrial fields. Developing efficient artificial enzyme mimics remains a major technical challenge due to the high stability of peptide bonds. Nanoenzymes with high stability, high activity and low cost, provided new opportunities to break through natural enzyme inherent limitations. However, compared with many nanomaterials with inherent peroxidase activity, the intrinsic mimic proteases properties of magnetic nanomaterials were seldom explored, let alone the interaction between magnetic nanomaterials and cellular proteins. Herein, we reported for the first time that magnetic CuFe2O4 possesses inherent protease activity to hydrolyze bovine serum albumin (BSA) and casein under physiological conditions, and the CuFe2O4 is more resistant to high temperature than the natural trypsin. It also exhibited significantly higher catalytic efficiency than other copper nanomaterials and can be recycled for many times. Protease participated in pathophysiological processes and all stages of tumor progression. Interesting, CuFe2O4 exhibited anti-proliferative effect on A549, SKOV3, HT-29, BABL-3T3 and HUVEC cells, as well as it was particularly sensitive against SKOV3 cells. CuFe2O4 was about 30 times more effective than conventional chemotherapy drugs oxaliplatin and artesunate against SKOV3 cells. In addition, CuFe2O4 also mediated the expression of intracellular proteins, such as MMP-2, MMP-9, F-actin, and NF-kB, which may be associated with global protein hydrolysis by CuFe2O4, leading to inhibition of cell migration. The merits of the high magnetic properties, good protease-mimic and antitumor activities make CuFe2O4 nanoparticles very prospective candidates for many applications such as proteomics and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daomei Chen
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
| | - Liang Jiang
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- School of Chemical Sciences & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
| | - Tao Lei
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- School of Chemical Sciences & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
| | - Guo Xiao
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- School of Chemical Sciences & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- School of Chemical Sciences & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zuo
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- School of Chemical Sciences & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Lingli Li
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- School of Chemical Sciences & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- School of Chemical Sciences & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P R China
- Corresponding authors.
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Ma Q, Qiao J, Liu Y, Qi L. Colorimetric monitoring of serum dopamine with promotion activity of gold nanocluster-based nanozymes. Analyst 2021; 146:6615-6620. [PMID: 34590627 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01511g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, metal nanoparticles have been actively investigated as enzyme mimetic nanomaterials. However, the catalytic activity of gold nanocluster (AuNCs)-based nanozymes is relatively low. It is still a great challenge to improve the enzyme-mimic catalytic property of AuNCs, and to explore the roles of the charges on the surface of the nanozymes and reactive oxygen species in the catalytic reaction systems. This study describes a simple synthesis of AuNCs capped with papain (P@AuNCs). The as-prepared P@AuNCs exhibited an efficient peroxidase-mimic ability via the catalytic oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Interestingly, the negatively charged dopamine was able to trigger the aggregration of the positively charged P@AuNCs and reactive oxygen species generated in the oxidation process, resulting in a remarkable catalytic activity promotion of P@AuNCs. Based on this principle, a protocol for the highly selective and sensitive monitoring of dopamine has been constructed with the colour change from pale blue to deep blue. The ultraviolet-visible absorbance of P@AuNCs-TMB at the wavelength of 650 nm showed a good linear relationship with the dopamine concentration ranging from 2.0 μM to 25.0 μM (R2 = 0.990). The limit of detection was 0.8 μM. Furthermore, dopamine was monitored in a drug metabolic process following the abdominal injection in rats using the proposed colorimetric assay. It offers an easy approach for the fabrication of AuNCs-based nanozymes with an improved catalytic activity, and provides a great potential application in the measuring of real serum drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China. .,School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, P. R. China
| | - Juan Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, P. R. China
| | - Li Qi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China. .,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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Fan L, Ji X, Lin G, Liu K, Chen S, Ma G, Xue W, Zhang X, Wang L. Green synthesis of stable platinum nanoclusters with enhanced peroxidase-like activity for sensitive detection of glucose and glutathione. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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