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Lammer J, Berger C, Löffler S, Knez D, Longo P, Kothleitner G, Hofer F, Haberfehlner G, Bucher E, Sitte W, Grogger W. A method for a column-by-column EELS quantification of barium lanthanum ferrate. Ultramicroscopy 2022; 234:113477. [PMID: 35123207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2022.113477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution STEM-EELS provides information about the composition of crystalline materials at the atomic scale, though a reliable quantitative chemical analysis is often hampered by zone axis conditions, where neighbouring atomic column intensities contribute to the signal at the probe position. In this work, we present a procedure to determine the concentration of two elements within equivalent atomic columns from EELS elemental maps - in our case barium and lanthanum within the A-sites of Ba1.1La1.9Fe2O7, a second order Ruddlesden-Popper phase. We took advantage of the large changes in the elemental distribution from column to column and introduced a technique, which substitutes inelastic scattering cross sections during the quantification step by using parameters obtained from the actual experiment. We considered channelling / de-channelling effects via inelastic multislice simulations and were thereby able to count occupancies in each atomic column. The EELS quantification results were then used as prior information during the Rietveld refinement in XRD measurements in order to differentiate between barium and lanthanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lammer
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology & Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Christian Berger
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef-Straße 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Stefan Löffler
- University Service Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy (USTEM), TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Knez
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology & Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Paolo Longo
- Gatan Inc., 5794W Las Positas Blvd, Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA
| | - Gerald Kothleitner
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology & Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ferdinand Hofer
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology & Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Haberfehlner
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology & Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Edith Bucher
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef-Straße 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Werner Sitte
- Chair of Physical Chemistry, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef-Straße 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Werner Grogger
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology & Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Löffler S, Motsch V, Schattschneider P. A pure state decomposition approach of the mixed dynamic form factor for mapping atomic orbitals. Ultramicroscopy 2013; 131:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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