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Owotade FJ, Gulube Z, Patel M. Oral Candida albicans strain diversity and maintenance in HIV positive women in South Africa. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:106007. [PMID: 38795522 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated C. albicans strain diversity and maintenance in the oral cavity of HIV positive women over a 6 month period. STUDY DESIGN C. albicans strains were isolated from 17 HIV positive women at Charlotte Maxeke Academic Hospital, Johannesburg at 3 intervals over a 6 month period. Strains were genotyped using ABC and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) techniques. In the MLST technique, for each strain, a Diploid Sequence Type (DST) number was obtained. Using cluster analysis, an Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) dendrogram and a matrix of strain similarities were generated. Strains were also compared to the previous South African isolates documented in the MLST database. RESULTS Ninety four percent of women carried the same ABC genotype for 6 months. MLST technique, showed that ten women (58.8%) carried the same DST at 2 visits, while seven (41.2%) carried different DST at all visits. Further analysis showed that 64.7% of women were recolonised with different strains and 35.3% carried the same strains of C. albicans with heterozygosity. A total of 40 diploid sequence types were identified of which 27 DSTs were unique to this study group that were added to the MLST database. Most of the strains were closely related to previously isolated strains from South Africa. CONCLUSION Recolonization of the oral cavity with different strains and microevolution of the original strains of C. albicans can occur, which can be a potential problem for HIV patients, in whom highly virulent and drug resistant strains can emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Owotade
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, South Africa; Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Z Gulube
- Department of Oral Biological Sciences School of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M Patel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, South Africa.
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Hatam G, Morovati H, Alikhani M, Rahimi A, Pakshir K, Amini S, Zomorodian K. Evaluating the Typing Power of Six Isoenzymatic Systems for Differentiation of Clinical and Standard Isolates of Candida Species. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 12:134. [PMID: 37434931 PMCID: PMC10331524 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_243_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the increasing prevalence of candidiasis, early detection of the causative agents may pave the way for the management of this infection. The present study aimed to assess the discriminative power of the six isoenzymatic systems for differentiating the Candida species. Materials and Methods Sixteen standard Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis strains and 30 fluconazole-sensitive and fluconazole-resistant clinical strains of Candida albicans were analyzed using a Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis (MLEE) method, including six enzymatic systems consisting of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), glucose-phosphate isomerase (GPI), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), and malic enzyme (ME). Results Among the six enzymatic systems, ME showed no diagnostic activity, whereas MDH provided the best species-specific pattern for species discrimination. In addition, the MDH and G6PD systems provided a discriminatory pattern for differentiating C. dubliniensis from C. albicans isolates. The same isoenzymatic activity was detected in all 36 standard and clinical isolates. Moreover, the results showed no correlation between the isoenzymatic profiles and drug resistance. Conclusion Among the investigated MLEE systems, MDH was able to differentiate between Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis. Although no association was detected between isoenzyme patterns and fluconazole resistance in this investigation, isoenzyme patterns are likely correlated with virulence factors between species and even within species. To answer these questions, additional studies should be done on more strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Hatam
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Morovati
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Alikhani
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Rahimi
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Keyvan Pakshir
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Amini
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamiar Zomorodian
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Boriollo MFG, Oliveira MC, Bassinello V, Aníbal PC, da Silva TA, da Silva JJ, Bassi RC, Netto MFR, Dos Santos Dias CT, Höfling JF. Candida species biotypes and polyclonality of potentially virulent Candida albicans isolated from oral cavity of patients with orofacial clefts. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:3061-3084. [PMID: 34791549 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the incidence of Candida species, and the genetic diversity and virulence of C. albicans of the oral cavity from patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Oral samples were investigated by microbiological and species-specific PCR methods. The genetic diversity of C. albicans was established using isoenzyme markers, Nei's statistics, and clustering analysis. Hydrolytic enzymes (SAPs and PLs) were analyzed in vitro. RESULTS Oral colonization by Candida species was observed in 29 patients with CLP (65.9%), and C. albicans was highly prevalent. SAP and PL activities were observed in 100% and 51.9% of isolates, respectively. High genetic diversity and patterns of monoclonal and polyclonal oral colonization by C. albicans were observed among patients with CLP. Two major polymorphic taxa (A and B) and other minor polymorphic taxa (C to J) were identified. Only one of the 16 clusters (taxon A) harbored strains from patients with and without CLP, whereas other clusters harbored strains exclusively from CLP patients. CONCLUSIONS The anatomical conditions of the oral cavity of patients with CLP contribute to the high incidence of Candida species (C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, and/or Candida spp.). Data suggest high genetic diversity of potentially virulent C. albicans strains in the oral cavity of CLP patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Microbiological niches in orofacial clefts can contribute to the emergence of a relative clinical genotypic identity of C. albicans. However, orofacial rehabilitation centers can contribute to the direct and indirect sources of transmission and propagation of Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Fabiano Gomes Boriollo
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Mateus Cardoso Oliveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bassinello
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Paula Cristina Aníbal
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Thaísla Andrielle da Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Júnior da Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Carlos Bassi
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Manoel Francisco Rodrigues Netto
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Carlos Tadeu Dos Santos Dias
- Department of Exact Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), 11 Pádua Dias Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - José Francisco Höfling
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), 901 Limeira Ave, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
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Rodrigues Netto MF, Júnior da Silva J, Andrielle da Silva T, Oliveira MC, Höfling JF, de Andrade Bressan E, Vargas de Oliveira Figueira A, Gomes Boriollo MF. DNA microsatellite genotyping of potentially pathogenic Candida albicans and C. dubliniensis isolated from the oral cavity and dental prostheses. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104548. [PMID: 33059059 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the incidence, genetic diversity, antifungal sensitivity, and virulence of Candida albicans and C. dubliniensis isolated from subjects using dental prostheses and subjects clinically indicated for the first prosthetic rehabilitation. Subjects were divided into four groups and samples were collected twice: at first rehabilitation by removable partial (A) and total (C) dental prostheses, and replacement of the removable partial (B) and total (D) prostheses. Yeasts were genotyped using DNA microsatellite markers. Microbiological methods were used to screen for azole antifungal resistance and exoenzyme production. In the initial sampling, oral colonization by Candida was observed in 31 (53.4%) subjects in groups A (33.3%), B (68.2%), and D (65%); 20 (47.6%) subjects displayed colonization of prostheses: groups B (50%) and D (45%). The second sampling (±30 days) revealed Candida in 2 (3.4%: oral cavity) and 4 (6.9%: prosthetic) subjects from group B. C. albicans and C. dubliniensis displayed both polyclonal and monoclonal patterns of infection. Azole-resistant C. albicans and SAPs+ strains were prevalent. Related strains were found in one or several oral sites (mucosa and prosthesis), as well as intra- and inter-subject, -gender, -group, and -time of sampling. However, the patterns of clonality can be altered under dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Francisco Rodrigues Netto
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Jeferson Júnior da Silva
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Thaísla Andrielle da Silva
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Mateus Cardoso Oliveira
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - José Francisco Höfling
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo de Andrade Bressan
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement, Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo (CENA/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Vargas de Oliveira Figueira
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement, Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo (CENA/USP), Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Fabiano Gomes Boriollo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (FOP/UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
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Boriollo MFG, Bassi RC, Höfling JF. Isoenzymatic genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus from dairy cattle and human clinical environments reveal evolutionary divergences. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2018; 60:e54. [PMID: 30231148 PMCID: PMC6169399 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201860054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genetic variability of 610 S. aureus isolates from the
hands of professional dentists (A), dental clinic environment air (B),
bovine milk from cows with and without mastitis (C), an insufflator for
milking equipment (D) and milking environment air (E) was studied by
isoenzyme genotyping and genetic and cluster analysis. Results Monoclonal and polyclonal patterns of S. aureus were
detected in every bacterial population; however, isolates belonging to the
same strain were not found among the populations, suggesting the genetic
heterogeneity and the intrapopulation spread of strains. Genetic
relationship analysis revealed the co-existence of highly related strains at
low frequency among populations. Conclusion The data suggest that some strains can adapt and colonize new
epidemiologically unrelated habitats. Consequently, the occurrence of an
epidemiological genotypic identity can assume a dynamic character (spread to
new habitats), however infrequently. A tendency of microevolutionary and
genetic divergences among populations of S. aureus from
human sources (AB) and bovine milk (DE), and especially the mammary quarter
(C), is also suggested. This research can contribute to the knowledge on the
distribution and dissemination of strains and the implementation of control
measures and eradication of S. aureus in important dental
clinic environments, as well as animal environments and dairy
production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Fabiano Gomes Boriollo
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Carlos Bassi
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Francisco Höfling
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bernardo WLDC, Silva JJD, Höfling JF, Rosa EAR, Boriollo MFG. Dynamics of the seasonal airborne propagation of Staphylococcus aureus in academic dental clinics. J Appl Oral Sci 2018; 26:e20170141. [PMID: 29641749 PMCID: PMC5912401 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Staphylococcus aureus strains can be disseminated during dental treatments and occasionally lead to the contamination and infection of patients and dentists, which is an important public health problem. The dynamics of the airborne propagation and the genetic diversity of S. aureus isolated in an academic dental clinic environment were investigated using isoenzyme typing. Material and Methods The isoenzymes of 44 previously reported isolates were obtained from fresh cultures and extracted using glass beads. Nine isoenzymes were investigated using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE). The genetic diversity and relationship among the strains (electrophoretic type – ET) were determined using statistics previously described by Nei25 (1972) and the SAHN grouping method (UPGMA algorithm). Results Clonal pattern analyses indicated a high level of genetic polymorphism occurring among the 33 ETs, which were grouped into five taxa. Each taxon presented one or more clusters that were moderately related and that contained two or more identical/highly related isolates, revealing seasonal airborne propagation in these dental clinic environments. Conclusions These data suggest the occurrence of active microevolutionary processes in S. aureus as well as the possibility of environmental propagation during a 14-month time span. Such findings are important to show that multiuser academic dental clinics can retain certain strains that are spreadable to different niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Luiz de Carvalho Bernardo
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Jeferson Júnior da Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.,Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório de Farmacogenética e Biologia Molecular, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José Francisco Höfling
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Edvaldo Antônio Ribeiro Rosa
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Escola de Ciências da Vida, Unidade de Pesquisa com Xenobióticos, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Fabiano Gomes Boriollo
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil.,Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório de Farmacogenética e Biologia Molecular, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Saghrouni F, Ben Abdeljelil J, Boukadida J, Ben Said M. Molecular methods for strain typing of Candida albicans
: a review. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 114:1559-74. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Saghrouni
- UR02SP13 Research Unit; Ministry of Public Health; Tunisia Tunisia
| | | | - J. Boukadida
- UR02SP13 Research Unit; Ministry of Public Health; Tunisia Tunisia
| | - M. Ben Said
- UR02SP13 Research Unit; Ministry of Public Health; Tunisia Tunisia
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Santos PO, Melo JO, Ponzzes CMPBS, Alves JAB, de Melo DL, Botelho NDS, Yamada-Ogatta SF, Mann RS, Trindade RDC. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis and exoenzymatic activity of Candida albicans strains isolated from women with vaginal candidiasis. Mycoses 2011; 55:64-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lyon JP, Moraes KCM, Moreira LM, Aimbire F, de Resende MA. Candida albicans: genotyping methods and clade related phenotypic characteristics. Braz J Microbiol 2010; 41:841-9. [PMID: 24031564 PMCID: PMC3769759 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822010000400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several molecular methods, such as Southern blotting hybridization, Multilocus Sequence Typing, and DNA microsatellite analysis, have been employed to genotype Candida albicans. The genotype analysis allows to group strains in clades, that is, a group composed of one ancestor and its descendants. These genotype studies demonstrate that clades distribution is influenced by geographic area as well as that antifungal resistance is associated with particular clades. These findings suggested that C. albicans reproduces mainly in a clonal manner, with certain degree of DNA microevolution. Additionally, virulence factors and site of isolation have also been associated with clade specificity. The present article is a brief review about the methods used for Candida genotyping and the correlated clade systems established. Special emphasis is given to Ca3 hybridization, MLST, and Microsatellites. The present work is also focused on the phenotypic and physiological traits associated with Candida clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana P Lyon
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei , São João Del-Rei, MG , Brasil ; Universidade do Vale do Paraíba , São José dos Campos, SP , Brasil
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Boriollo MFG, Dias RA, Fiorini JE, Oliveira NDMS, Spolidório DMP, de Souza HMB, Figueira AVDO, Pizzirani-Kleiner AA. Disparity between Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis, Microsatellite Markers and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in epidemiological tracking of Candida albicans. J Microbiol Methods 2010; 82:265-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Boriollo MFG, Bassi RC, dos Santos Nascimento CMG, Feliciano LM, Francisco SB, Barros LM, Spolidório LC, Palomari Spolidório DM. Distribution and hydrolytic enzyme characteristics of Candida albicans strains isolated from diabetic patients and their non-diabetic consorts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 24:437-50. [PMID: 19832795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2009.00524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the oral colonization profile of Candida albicans strains isolated from diabetic patients and their non-diabetic consorts. In addition hydrolytic enzyme activity of these isolates was analysed. METHODS The genetic diversity of C. albicans oral isolates from 52 couples was established using isoenzyme marker and cluster analysis. Hydrolytic enzyme characteristics, namely secreted aspartyl proteinases (SAPs) and phospholipases (PLs) were also analysed. RESULTS Simultaneous colonization by C. albicans was observed in the consorts of 12 couples (23.1%). Patterns of monoclonal and polyclonal oral colonization by C. albicans strains were identified and the coexistence of identical or highly related strains was observed in both members of eight couples. The genetic diversity observed in the total yeast population revealed four large, genetically distinct groups (A to D) and the coexistence of strains in couples or consorts conjugally unrelated. SAP and PL activity was observed in the majority of C. albicans isolates without any association to particular strain, strain clusters (highly related isolates), or clinical characteristics of the consorts (diabetic, non-diabetic, and gender). CONCLUSION Possible sources of transmission and oral propagation of groups (clusters) of strains of C. albicans can occur between diabetic and non-diabetic consorts. A conjugal genotypic identity exists in most C. albicans-positive couples, that is, both consorts share identical or highly related strains; however, this identity is not couple-specific as seen by the coexistence of clusters in couples and unrelated consorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F G Boriollo
- Genetic and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Medicine School of University of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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