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Cheng C, Lin M, Jiang W, Zhao J, Li W, Yang ST. Development of an in vivo fluorescence based gene expression reporter system for Clostridium tyrobutyricum. J Biotechnol 2019; 305:18-22. [PMID: 31472166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
C. tyrobutyricum, an acidogenic Clostridium, has aroused increasing interest due to its potential to produce biofuel efficiently. However, construction of recombinant C. tyrobutyricum for enhanced biofuel production has been impeded by the limited genetic engineering tools. In this study, a flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-dependent fluorescent protein Bs2-based gene expression reporter system was developed to monitor transformation and explore in vivo strength and regulation of various promoters in C. tyrobutyricum and C. acetobutylicum. Unlike green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants, Bs2 can emit green light without oxygen, which makes it extremely suitable for promoter screening and transformation confirmation in organisms grown anaerobically. The expression levels of bs2 under thiolase promoters from C. tyrobutyricum and C. acetobutylicum were measured and compared based on fluorescence intensities. The capacities of the two promoters in driving secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) gene for isopropanol production in C. tyrobutyricum were distinguished, confirming that this reporter system is a convenient, effective and reliable tool for promoter strength assay and real time monitoring in C. tyrobutyricum, while demonstrating the feasibility of producing isopropanol in C. tyrobutyricum for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Cheng
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Meng Lin
- Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Ct., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | - Wenyan Jiang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Weiming Li
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Lourenço T, Paes de Faria J, Bippes CA, Maia J, Lopes-da-Silva JA, Relvas JB, Grãos M. Modulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation by combined biochemical and mechanical cues. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21563. [PMID: 26879561 PMCID: PMC4754901 DOI: 10.1038/srep21563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins play a key role during oligodendrogenesis. While fibronectin (FN) is involved in the maintenance and proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), merosin (MN) promotes differentiation into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Mechanical properties of the ECM also seem to affect OL differentiation, hence this study aimed to clarify the impact of combined biophysical and biochemical elements during oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation using synthetic elastic polymeric ECM-like substrates. CG-4 cells presented OPC- or OL-like morphology in response to brain-compliant substrates functionalised with FN or MN, respectively. The expression of the differentiation and maturation markers myelin basic protein — MBP — and proteolipid protein — PLP — (respectively) by primary rat oligodendrocytes was enhanced in presence of MN, but only on brain-compliant conditions, considering the distribution (MBP) or amount (PLP) of the protein. It was also observed that maturation of OLs was attained earlier (by assessing PLP expression) by cells differentiated on MN-functionalised brain-compliant substrates than on standard culture conditions. Moreover, the combination of MN and substrate compliance enhanced the maturation and morphological complexity of OLs. Considering the distinct degrees of stiffness tested ranging within those of the central nervous system, our results indicate that 6.5 kPa is the most suitable rigidity for oligodendrocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Lourenço
- Biocant, Technology Transfer Association, Cantanhede, Portugal.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Paes de Faria
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | | | - João Maia
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - João B Relvas
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Grãos
- Biocant, Technology Transfer Association, Cantanhede, Portugal.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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