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Li X, Xia A, Xu Z, Liu J, Fu S, Cao Z, Shen Y, Xie Y, Meng C, Chen X, Jiao X. Development and evaluation of a Mycobacterium bovis interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay for detection of bovine tuberculosis. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6021-6029. [PMID: 35570041 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) caused by Mycobacterium bovis is an important zoonotic disease. This infection is difficult to control because of the limited ability of the tuberculin skin test (TST) and ancillary IFN-γ release assay to detect all infected animals. In this study, we aimed to develop an efficient assay based on the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) technique for the diagnosis of bTB, with IFN-γ monoclonal antibodies 3E9 and Bio-labeled 6F8 used as capture and detection antibodies, respectively. As expected, there were significantly more M. bovis-specific spot-forming units (SFU) in bTB-infected cattle than in healthy cattle when an M. bovis-specific antigen, CFP-10-ESAT-6 fusion protein (CE protein), was used. The M. bovis IFN-γ ELISpot assay demonstrated a high level of agreement (90.83%) with the BOVIGAM ELISA test (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for detecting bTB. Furthermore, 3 of 109 cattle tested negative by both the TST and the BOVIGAM ELISA tests, but positive by the ELISpot assay (TST- ELISA- ELISpot+). During subsequent long-term monitoring, these 3 cattle became TST+ ELISA+ ELISpot+. These results suggest that the M. bovis IFN-γ ELISpot assay we established could detect infected cattle earlier than the BOVIGAM ELISA test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Aihong Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhengzhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shasha Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhaoli Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yechi Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuqing Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chuang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Gutiérrez-Ortega A, Moreno DA, Ferrari SA, Espinosa-Andrews H, Ortíz EP, Milián-Suazo F, Alvarez AH. High-yield production of major T-cell ESAT6-CFP10 fusion antigen of M. tuberculosis complex employing codon-optimized synthetic gene. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:82-88. [PMID: 33418045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Translation engineering and bioinformatics have accelerated the rate at which gene sequences can be improved to generate multi-epitope proteins. Strong antigenic proteins for tuberculosis diagnosis include individual ESAT6 and CFP10 proteins or derived peptides. Obtention of heterologous multi-component antigens in E. coli without forming inclusion bodies remain a biotechnological challenge. The gene sequence for ESAT6-CFP10 fusion antigen was optimized by codon bias adjust for high-level expression as a soluble protein. The obtained fusion protein of 23.7 kDa was observed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis after Ni-affinity chromatography and the yield of expressed soluble protein reached a concentration of approximately 67 mg/L in shake flask culture after IPTG induction. Antigenicity was evaluated at 4 μg/mL in whole blood cultures from bovines, and protein stimuli were assessed using a specific in vitro IFN-γ release assay. The hybrid protein was able to stimulate T-cell specific responses of bovine TB suspects. The results indicate that improved E. coli codon usage is a good and cost-effective strategy to potentialize large scale production of multi-epitope proteins with sustained antigenic properties for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gutiérrez-Ortega
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, C.P. 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - D A Moreno
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, C.P. 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - S A Ferrari
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, C.P. 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - H Espinosa-Andrews
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, C.P. 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - E P Ortíz
- Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Km 7.5 Carretera a Yahualica, CP 47600 Tepatitlán de Morelos, Mexico
| | - F Milián-Suazo
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias s/n Juriquilla, Delegación Santa Rosa Jáuregui, C.P. 76230 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - A H Alvarez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, C.P. 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico.
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Moradi J, Mosavari N, Ebrahimi M, Arefpajohi R, Tebianian M. Evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Early Secreted Antigenic Target 6 Recombinant Protein as a Diagnostic Marker in Skin Test. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2014; 6:34-8. [PMID: 25737829 PMCID: PMC4346597 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious disease in the developing world. Delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test diagnoses TB using tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD), but this test is incapable of distinguishing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection from bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination or an infection caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). This study was performed to evaluate the use of recombinant early secretory antigenic target 6 (rESAT-6), a secretory protein found only in MTB, Mycobacterium bovis, and few other mycobacterial species, as a skin marker for MTB in guinea pigs. Methods We prepared recombinant MTB ESAT-6 and evaluated its use as a specific antigen for MTB in guinea pigs. Results Our results show that the purified MTB rESAT-6 antigen is capable of inducing a positive reaction only in guinea pigs sensitized to MTB. No such reaction was observed in the animals sensitized to M. bovis, BCG vaccination, or NTM (Mycobacterium avium). Conclusion Our study results confirm that the ESAT-6 antigen is more specific to MTB infection than PPD and could be used in more specific skin tests for detection of MTB in large animals and in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jale Moradi
- Department of TB, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nader Mosavari
- Department of TB, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ebrahimi
- Department of TB, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza Arefpajohi
- Department of TB, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Majid Tebianian
- Department of TB, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
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