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Aboyadak I, Ali NG. Enrofloxacin, Effective Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis Infection in Oreochromis niloticus. Microorganisms 2024; 12:901. [PMID: 38792731 PMCID: PMC11124035 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Enrofloxacin is a broad-spectrum synthetic antimicrobial drug widely used in veterinary medicine. The present study aimed to determine the effective enrofloxacin dose for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis infection in Oreochromis niloticus. P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis isolates were verified using selective differential media and biochemically using the Vitek 2 test. Bacterial isolates were virulent for O. niloticus with LD50 equal to 2.03 × 106 and 2.22 × 107 CFU fish-1 for P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis, respectively. Infected fish suffered from decreased feed intake followed by off-food, tail erosion, darkening of the external body surface, exophthalmia, ascites, and loss of escape reflex. Internally, congested hemorrhagic hepatopancreas with engorged distended gall bladder were dominant. The posterior kidney was congested with enlarged spleen, and empty elementary tract. Pathologically, severe degenerative changes were dominant in the hepatopancreas, posterior kidney, spleen, stomach, and gills of infected fish. Antimicrobial sensitivity test indicated the high susceptibility of P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis to enrofloxacin with MIC estimated at 1 and 0.0625 µg/mL, respectively. Enrofloxacin effectively protected O. niloticus against E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa infection when used with medicated feed at doses of 10 and 20 mg kg-1 body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Gabr Ali
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 4262110, Egypt;
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El-Sherbiny MM, Devassy RP, El-Hefnawy ME, Al-Goul ST, Orif MI, El-Newehy MH. Facile Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Assessment of a Silver/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite as an Effective Antiseptic against Foodborne Pathogens for Promising Food Protection. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093699. [PMID: 37175109 PMCID: PMC10180218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens can have devastating repercussions and significantly threaten public health. Therefore, it is indeed essential to guarantee the sustainability of our food production. Food preservation and storage using nanocomposites is a promising strategy. Accordingly, the present research's objectives were to identify and isolate a few foodborne pathogens from food products, (ii) synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using wet chemical reduction into the lamellar space layer of montmorillonite (MMT), and (iii) investigate the antibacterial potential of the AgNPs/MMT nanocomposite versus isolated strains of bacteria. Six bacterial species, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus were isolated from some food products (meat, fish, cheese, and vegetables). The Ag/MMT nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, particle size analyzer, zeta potential, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy with dispersive energy X-ray (EDX). The antibacterial effectiveness of the AgNPs/MMT nanocomposite further investigated distinct bacterial species using a zone of inhibition assay and microtiter-based methods. Nanoparticles with a narrow dimension range of 12 to 30 nm were identified using TEM analysis. The SEM was employed to view the sizeable flakes of the AgNPs/MMT. At 416 nm, the most excellent UV absorption was measured. Four silver metallic diffraction peaks were found in the XRD pattern during the study, and the EDX spectrum revealed a strong signal attributed to Ag nanocrystals. AgNPs/MMT figured out the powerful antibacterial action. The AgNPs/MMT nanocomposite confirmed outstanding minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against six isolates of foodborne pathogens, ranging from 15 to 75 µg/mL, respectively. The AgNPs/MMT's antibacterial potential against gram-negative bacteria was noticeably better than gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, the AgNPs/MMT nanocomposite has the potential to be used as a reliable deactivator in food processing and preservation to protect against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. This suggests that the nanocomposite may be effective at inhibiting the growth and proliferation of harmful bacteria in food, which could help to reduce the risk of foodborne illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen M El-Sherbiny
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reny P Devassy
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E El-Hefnawy
- Department of Chemistry, Rabigh College of Sciences and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha T Al-Goul
- Department of Chemistry, Rabigh College of Sciences and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed I Orif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H El-Newehy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Al Mashud MA, Moinuzzaman M, Hossain MS, Ahmed S, Ahsan G, Reza A, Anwar Ratul RB, Uddin MH, Momin MA, Hena Mostofa Jamal MA. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cinnamomum tamala (Tejpata) leaf and their potential application to control multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from hospital drainage water. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09920. [PMID: 35855998 PMCID: PMC9287793 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles is becoming a more common method for producing nanoparticles with a diameter of 1–100 nm that may be employed in a variety of medical applications. The antibacterial efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) derived from Cinnamomum tamala (Tejpata) leaf extract against antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is investigated in this study. Green AgNP synthesis is safe, cost-effective, and ecologically friendly. The biosynthesized AgNPs were studied using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The AgNPs were virtually spherical, with an average size of 25–30 nm, according to TEM observations. Biochemical and molecular identification were used to isolate multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa from the hospital's drainage water. The antibacterial potential of AgNPs against P. aeruginosa is determined using the agar diffusion method. Silver nanoparticles produced from Cinnamomum tamala (Tejpata) leaf extract were shown to be effective in inhibiting four strains of P. aeruginosa. According to the agar disc diffusion method, AgNPs had the largest inhibition zone of 17.67 ± 0.577 mm, while aqueous extract had 5.67 ± 0.5777 mm, indicating that AgNPs had antibacterial activity. This study on AgNPs might assist with managing multidrug resistant pathogenic bacteria and be a possible source of medicinal application due to its potential antibacterial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Abdullah Al Mashud
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Biophysics and Biomedicine Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Moinuzzaman
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Biophysics and Biomedicine Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shamim Hossain
- Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Environmental and Clinical Microbiology, Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Sabbir Ahmed
- Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Environmental and Clinical Microbiology, Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Galib Ahsan
- Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Reza
- Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Environmental and Clinical Microbiology, Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Robayet Bin Anwar Ratul
- Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Environmental and Clinical Microbiology, Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Helal Uddin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Momin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal
- Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Environmental and Clinical Microbiology, Department Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
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Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin-Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Kohnle L, Alvarez J. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): antimicrobial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs and cats. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07310. [PMID: 35515338 PMCID: PMC9063721 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was identified among the most relevant antimicrobial‐resistant (AMR) bacteria in the EU for dogs and cats in a previous scientific opinion. Thus, it has been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on its eligibility to be listed, Annex IV for its categorisation according to disease prevention and control rules as in Article 9, and Article 8 for listing animal species related to the bacterium. The assessment has been performed following a methodology previously published. The outcome is the median of the probability ranges provided by the experts, which indicates whether each criterion is fulfilled (lower bound ≥ 66%) or not (upper bound ≤ 33%), or whether there is uncertainty about fulfilment. Reasoning points are reported for criteria with uncertain outcome. According to the assessment here performed, it is uncertain whether AMR P. aeruginosa can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention according to Article 5 of the AHL (33–90% probability). According to the criteria in Annex IV, for the purpose of categorisation related to the level of prevention and control as in Article 9 of the AHL, the AHAW Panel concluded that the bacterium does not meet the criteria in Sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 (Categories A, B, C and D; 0–5%, 1–5%, 5–33% and 5–33% probability of meeting the criteria, respectively) and the AHAW Panel was uncertain whether it meets the criteria in Section 5 (Category E, 33–90% probability of meeting the criteria). The animal species to be listed for AMR P. aeruginosa according to Article 8 criteria are mainly dogs and cats.
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Căpățînă D, Feier B, Hosu O, Tertiș M, Cristea C. Analytical methods for the characterization and diagnosis of infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1204:339696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Dual-site recognition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using polymyxin B and bacteriophage tail fiber protein. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1180:338855. [PMID: 34538321 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As one of the top three opportunistic pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) has long accounted for hospital-acquired infections with high risk of death. In this work, a fluorescent method based on a dual-site recognition mode was developed for rapid assay of P. aeruginosa. Employing its strong binding capability towards lipid A on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, polymyxin B acted as one recognition element for P. aeruginosa. To overcome the poor binding specificity of polymyxin B, a recombinant bacteriophage tail fiber protein was expressed and employed as a species-specific recognition element for the target pathogen. Thus a dual-site recognition mode was developed for specific assay of P. aeruginosa species by using fluorescein isothiocyanate as a fluorescent probe. The target pathogen can be assayed within a broad dynamic range from 2.0 × 103 CFU mL-1 to 2.0 × 107 CFU mL-1. Due to the ideal specificity of tail fiber protein, the method is capable of excluding the interference from other Gram-negative bacteria and all Gram-positive bacteria. It has been employed for assaying P. aeruginosa in various types of sample matrixes inclusive of lake water, physiological saline injection, human urine and milk. The acceptable assay results demonstrate its promising prospect for practical application in various areas such as environmental hygiene, medical diagnosis, as well as drug and food safety.
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Rushton L, Donoghue D, Bull M, Jay P, Mahenthiralingam E. Construction and evaluation of a bioluminescent Pseudomonas aeruginosa reporter for use in preservative efficacy testing. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2021; 167:001072. [PMID: 34382924 PMCID: PMC8513615 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Preservative efficacy testing (PET) is a fundamental practice in industrial microbiology used to ensure product shelf-life and quality. To improve on current growth-based PET, bioluminescence was evaluated as a real-time bacterial viability indicator using Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Random mutagenesis of an industrial P. aeruginosa strain with a promoter-less luxCDABE mini-Tn5 was used to select a stable reporter (LUX12H5) with an un-altered growth and preservative susceptibility phenotype. Bioluminescence and viability were measured with and without preservatives (isothiazolinones, phenoxyethanol, and dimethyl dimethylol hydantoin) and an antibiotic comparator (ciprofloxacin). In the absence of antimicrobials, a good correlation between bioluminescence and viability (r2=0.92) was established. However, metabolic inhibition by isothiazolinone preservatives caused a rapid decline in light output that did not correlate to a reduced viability. Conversely, after ciprofloxacin exposure, the decline in viability was greater than that of bioluminescence. A positive attribute of the bioluminescence was the early detection of metabolic recovery and re-growth of preservative injured bacteria. Overall, while initial bioluminescence read-outs were less suited to current PET requirements, it shows promise as an early, direct indicator of bacterial regrowth in the context of long-term evaluation of preservative efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rushton
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Matthew Bull
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Present address: Public Health Wales Microbiology, University Hospital Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Peter Jay
- Unilever R&D Port Sunlight, Wirral, Merseyside, UK
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Evaluation of GeneXpert PA assay compared to genomic and (semi-)quantitative culture methods for direct detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in endotracheal aspirates. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2021; 10:110. [PMID: 34301343 PMCID: PMC8300976 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-021-00978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Rapid and accurate detection of lower respiratory tract colonization and/or infection with P. aeruginosa may advise targeted preventive (antibody-based) strategies and antibiotic therapy. To investigate this, we compared semi-quantitative culture results from 80 endotracheal aspirates (ETA) collected from mechanically-ventilated patients, to two culture and two non-culture-based methods for detection of P. aeruginosa. Methods P. aeruginosa-positive (n = 40) and -negative (n = 40) ETAs from mechanically ventilated patients analyzed initally by (i) routine semi-quantitative culture, were further analyzed with (ii) quantitative culture on chromogenic ChromID P. aeruginosa and blood agar; (iii) enrichment in brain heart infusion broth followed by plating on blood agar and ChromID P. aeruginosa; (iv) O-antigen acetylase gene-based TaqMan qPCR; and (v) GeneXpert PA PCR assay. Results Of the 80 ETA samples included, one sample that was negative for P. aeruginosa by semi-quantitative culture was found to be positive by the other four methods, and was included in an “extended” gold standard panel. Based on this extended gold standard, both semi-quantitative culture and the GeneXpert PA assay showed 97.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The quantitative culture, enrichment culture and O-antigen acetylase gene-based TaqMan qPCR had a sensitivity of 97.6%, 89.5%, 92.7%, and a specificity of 97.4%, 100%, and 71.1%, respectively.
Conclusion This first evaluation of the GeneXpert PA assay with ETA samples found it to be as sensitive and specific as the routine, hospital-based semi-quantitative culture method. Additionally, the GeneXpert PA assay is easy to perform (hands-on time ≈ 5 min) and rapid (≈ 55 min assay time). The combination of the high sensitivity and high specificity together with the rapid acquisition of results makes the GeneXpert PA assay a highly recommended screening technique. Where this equipment is not available, semi-quantitative culture remains the most sensitive of the culture methods evaluated here for P. aeruginosa detection in ETA samples. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13756-021-00978-9.
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Pagès S, Ogier JC, Gaudriault S. A novel semi-selective medium for Pseudomonas protegens isolation from soil samples. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 172:105911. [PMID: 32240707 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.105911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas protegens is a rhizosphere pseudomonad with a high agronomical potential (entomopathogenic and beneficial to plants) and bio-catalytic activities, but no selective medium has been described for its isolation. We developed a semi-selective minimum agar medium for the specific isolation and growth of P. protegens. We searched for both (i) a carbon source allowing the growth of P. protegens but potentially inhibiting the growth of other pseudomonads and (ii) an antimicrobial agent suppressing other members of the bacterial rhizosphere community. The M9-PP-agar medium consists of M9 base agar with adipic acid as the only carbon source and Irgasan® as an anti-bacterial agent. We tested the selectivity and sensitivity of M9-PP-agar by measuring the growth of 68 bacterial strains from 36 different species on this medium. Ten of the species tested were able to grow on M9-PP-agar medium: four species from the Pseudomonadaceae (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas protegens, Pseudomonas putida, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) as well as Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Brevundimonas sp., Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia marcescens and Variovorax paradoxus. All colonies were white, except for those of P. protegens (12 strains), which were typically brown. We demonstrated the efficiency of the M9-PP agar medium for P. protegens isolation, by inoculating two soils with the reference strain P. protegens CHAOT and then reisolating them. We also developed a fitF-PCR test targeting a regulator gene of the insecticidal P. protegens fit locus, for the rapid molecular detection of P. protegens colonies. We, therefore, developed a highly specific process for the routine isolation of new P. protegens strains from the soil environment, based on the use of a semi-selective medium and the specific color of colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Pagès
- INRAe, Université de Montpellier, UMR1333-DGIMI, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Claude Ogier
- INRAe, Université de Montpellier, UMR1333-DGIMI, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Sophie Gaudriault
- INRAe, Université de Montpellier, UMR1333-DGIMI, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
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Cunningham-Oakes E, Weiser R, Pointon T, Mahenthiralingam E. Understanding the challenges of non-food industrial product contamination. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 366:5707401. [PMID: 31977006 PMCID: PMC6986549 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing microbial contamination of non-food products is a major area of industrial microbiology where preservatives are used to stop microbial growth. However, microorganisms occasionally overcome product preservation, causing recalls and the implementation of multiple procedures to prevent further contamination. Correct reporting of microbial contamination in non-food industrial products is vital, especially if spoilage organisms are antimicrobial resistant and pose a health threat. Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Enterobacteriaceae are frequently reported as non-food product contaminants, including species that overlap current antimicrobial resistance priorities. Historical analysis of recall databases highlighted that for greater than 15% of contamination incidents, the causative microbial agents are reported as unidentified. Here we review the current antimicrobial resistant bacterial species associated with non-food product contamination and evaluate recall reporting in Europe from 2005 to 2018. Our review shows that 49% of microbial contaminants are reported as unidentified despite frequent detection of antimicrobial resistant pathogens; in contrast, 98% of food-related microbial contaminants are classified. Recommendations to fill this microbial identification gap in non-food product recalls are made. Overall, reporting standards for microbial contamination in non-food products must be improved to enable surveillance and for understanding the risks associated with antimicrobial resistant microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Cunningham-Oakes
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, UK, Wales CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Rebecca Weiser
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, UK, Wales CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Tom Pointon
- Unilever Research and Development, Port Sunlight, Wirral, CH62 4ZD, UK
| | - Eshwar Mahenthiralingam
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, UK, Wales CF10 3AX, UK
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Zhang J, DI B, Shan H, Liu J, Zhou Y, Chen H, Hu L, Wu X, Bai Z. Rapid Detection of Bacillus cereus Using Cross-Priming Amplification. J Food Prot 2019; 82:1744-1750. [PMID: 31536421 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is a spore-forming gastrointestinal pathogen that can cause life-threatening diseases. Here, a simple and effective assay to detect B. cereus was developed, using cross-priming amplification (CPA). Amplicons were detected using disposable cartridges that contained nucleic acid detection strips. The sensitivity of CPA assay for B. cereus was assessed using serial dilutions of genomic DNA, which indicated a detection limit of 3.6 × 101 CFU/mL. No cross-reactions were detected when genomic DNA extracted from 12 different B. cereus strains and 20 other bacterial foodborne strains were tested, suggesting that the assay is highly specific. Finally, we evaluated the practical applications of the CPA assay for the detection of B. cereus in 150 food samples and found that its sensitivity and specificity, compared with real-time PCR, were approximately 98.18 and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, CPA combined with nucleic acid detection strips is easy to perform, requires simple equipment, and offers highly specific and sensitive B. cereus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8377-2393 [Z.B.])
| | - Biao DI
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8377-2393 [Z.B.])
| | - Hongbo Shan
- ADICON Clinical Laboratory, Inc., No. 398 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Liu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8377-2393 [Z.B.])
| | - Yong Zhou
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8377-2393 [Z.B.])
| | - Huiling Chen
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8377-2393 [Z.B.])
| | - Lin Hu
- Ustar Biotechnologies (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., 3766 Nanhuan Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Wu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8377-2393 [Z.B.])
| | - Zhijun Bai
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 Qide Road, Guangzhou, 510440, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8377-2393 [Z.B.])
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Weiser R, Green AE, Bull MJ, Cunningham-Oakes E, Jolley KA, Maiden MCJ, Hall AJ, Winstanley C, Weightman AJ, Donoghue D, Amezquita A, Connor TR, Mahenthiralingam E. Not all Pseudomonas aeruginosa are equal: strains from industrial sources possess uniquely large multireplicon genomes. Microb Genom 2019; 5:e000276. [PMID: 31170060 PMCID: PMC6700666 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly versatile, antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacterium known for causing opportunistic infections and contamination of industrial products. Despite extensive genomic analysis of clinical P. aeruginosa strains, no genomes exist for preservative-tolerant industrial strains. A unique collection of 69 industrial isolates was assembled and compared to clinical and environmental strains; 16 genetically distinct industrial strains were subjected to array tube genotyping, multilocus sequence typing and whole-genome sequencing. The industrial strains possessed high preservative tolerance and were dispersed widely across P. aeruginosa as a species, but recurrence of strains from the same lineage within specific industrial products and locations was identified. The industrial P. aeruginosa genomes (mean=7.0 Mb) were significantly larger than those of previously sequenced environmental (mean=6.5 Mb; n=19) and clinical (mean=6.6 Mb; n=66) strains. Complete sequencing of the P. aeruginosa industrial strain RW109, which encoded the largest genome (7.75 Mb), revealed a multireplicon structure including a megaplasmid (555 265 bp) and large plasmid (151 612 bp). The RW109 megaplasmid represented an emerging plasmid family conserved in seven industrial and two clinical P. aeruginosa strains, and associated with extremely stress-resilient phenotypes, including antimicrobial resistance and solvent tolerance. Here, by defining the detailed phylogenomics of P. aeruginosa industrial strains, we show that they uniquely possess multireplicon, megaplasmid-bearing genomes, and significantly greater genomic content worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Weiser
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Angharad E. Green
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthew J. Bull
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Edward Cunningham-Oakes
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Keith A. Jolley
- Department of Zoology, The Tinbergen Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin C. J. Maiden
- Department of Zoology, The Tinbergen Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amanda J. Hall
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
| | - Craig Winstanley
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew J. Weightman
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Denise Donoghue
- Unilever Research and Development, Port Sunlight, Wirral, UK
| | - Alejandro Amezquita
- Unilever Research and Development, Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford, UK
| | - Thomas R. Connor
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Eshwar Mahenthiralingam
- Microbiomes, Microbes and Informatics Group, Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
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13
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Shi X, Zhang J, He F. A new aptamer/polyadenylated DNA interdigitated gold electrode piezoelectric sensor for rapid detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 132:224-229. [PMID: 30877887 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rapid detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is of great importance for accurate diagnosis and treatment of infected patients. In this study, a novel method was developed for the selective detection of P. aeruginosa by combing the sandwich type complex of magnetic bead/aptamer/polyadenylated-DNA with the sensitive detection platform of gold (Au) interdigital electrode connected to a multichannel series piezoelectric quartz crystal (Au IDE-MSPQC) system. Here, the magnetic bead (MB) was used as carrier for immobilization of the aptamer of P. aeruginosa. Polyadenylated DNA was bound to the aptamer through complementary strand pairing. When the P. aeruginosa was present in the sample solution, the polyadenylated DNA was replaced by the P. aeruginosa because of the specific interaction between P. aeruginosa and its aptamer. The released polyadenylated DNA strand in the detected solution could adsorb onto the surface of Au IDE by virtue of the strong interaction between adenine (A) and Au IDE, and result in sensitive frequency shift response of the MSPQC sensor. The limits of detection (LOD) of the method were as low as 9 CFU/mL in buffer and 52 CFU/mL in simulated blood sample. The proposed method was successfully applied to the selective detection of P. aeruginosa in blood samples. The constructed sensor is expected to find application for the rapid detection of P. aeruginosa in environment, food and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Fengjiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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14
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He Y, Shi Y, Liu M, Wang Y, Wang L, Lu S, Fu Z. Nonlytic Recombinant Phage Tail Fiber Protein for Specific Recognition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Anal Chem 2018; 90:14462-14468. [PMID: 30481459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate bacterial detection is crucial to an early diagnosis for treating various infectious diseases. A recombinant tail fiber protein (P069) of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa) phage was expressed in Escherichia coli. After renaturation at a low temperature, the inclusion body of P069 was successfully transformed to an aqueous soluble protein that retained the capacity for recognizing P. aeruginosa. The recombinant P069 did not show lytic activity to P. aeruginosa, which facilitated the capture and manipulation of bacterial whole cells with a high flexibility for downstream identification and detection. Bioluminescent and fluorescent methods using this biorecognition element allowed P. aeruginosa detection with the detection limits of 6.7 × 102 CFU mL-1 and 1.7 × 102 CFU mL-1, respectively. Moreover, the specificity investigations showed that P069 was a species-specific protein. Therefore, it avoided the potential false negative results originating from the excessive high specificity of phage toward a given strain. It has been successfully applied to detect P. aeruginosa in spiked samples with acceptable recovery values ranging from 88% to 98%. The above results demonstrate that P069 is an ideal biorecognition element for the detection of P. aeruginosa in complicated sample matrixes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China.,Department of Pharmacy , Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College , Zunyi 563000 , China
| | - Yanli Shi
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Mengli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Yingran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
| | - Shuguang Lu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science , Army Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Zhifeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing 400716 , China
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15
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Manajit O, Longyant S, Sithigorngul P, Chaivisuthangkura P. Development of uracil-DNA-glycosylase-supplemented loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with nanogold probe (UDG-LAMP-AuNP) for specific detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5734-5743. [PMID: 29436623 PMCID: PMC5866016 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an important opportunistic pathogen that causes serious infections in humans, including keratitis in contact lens wearers. Therefore, establishing a rapid, specific and sensitive method for the identification of P. aeruginosa is imperative. In the present study, the uracil-DNA-glycosylase-supplemented loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with nanogold labeled hybridization probe (UDG-LAMP-AuNP) was developed for the detection of P. aeruginosa. UDG-LAMP was performed to prevent carry over contamination and the LAMP reactions can be readily observed using the nanogold probe. A set of 4 primers and a hybridization probe were designed based on the ecfX gene. The UDG-LAMP reactions were performed at 65°C for 60 min using the ratio of 40% deoxyuridine triphosphate to 60% deoxythymidine triphosphate. The detection of UDG-LAMP products using the nanogold labeled hybridization probe, which appeared as a red-purple color, was examined at 65°C for 5 min with 40 mM MgSO4. The UDG-LAMP-AuNP demonstrated specificity to all tested isolates of P. aeruginosa without cross reaction to other bacteria. The sensitivity for the detection of pure culture was 1.6×103 colony-forming units (CFU) ml−1 or equivalent to 3 CFU per reaction while that of polymerase chain reaction was 30 CFU per reaction. The detection limit of spiked contact lenses was 1.1×103 CFU ml−1 or equivalent to 2 CFU per reaction. In conclusion, the UDG-LAMP-AuNP assay was rapid, simple, specific and was effective for the identification of P. aeruginosa in contaminated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orapan Manajit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Siwaporn Longyant
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Paisarn Sithigorngul
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Parin Chaivisuthangkura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
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16
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Yang Y, Yu YY, Wang YZ, Zhang CL, Wang JX, Fang Z, Lv H, Zhong JJ, Yong YC. Amplification of electrochemical signal by a whole-cell redox reactivation module for ultrasensitive detection of pyocyanin. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 98:338-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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A Decade of Development of Chromogenic Culture Media for Clinical Microbiology in an Era of Molecular Diagnostics. Clin Microbiol Rev 2017; 30:449-479. [PMID: 28122803 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00097-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 25 years, chromogenic culture media have found widespread application in diagnostic clinical microbiology. In the last decade, the range of media available to clinical laboratories has expanded greatly, allowing specific detection of additional pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, group B streptococci, Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter spp., and Yersinia enterocolitica. New media have also been developed to screen for pathogens with acquired antimicrobial resistance, including vancomycin-resistant enterococci, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp., and Enterobacteriaceae with extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases. This review seeks to explore the utility of chromogenic media in clinical microbiology, with particular attention given to media that have been commercialized in the last decade. The impact of laboratory automation and complementary technologies such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is also assessed. Finally, the review also seeks to demarcate the role of chromogenic media in an era of molecular diagnostics.
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18
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He Y, Wang M, Fan E, Ouyang H, Yue H, Su X, Liao G, Wang L, Lu S, Fu Z. Highly Specific Bacteriophage-Affinity Strategy for Rapid Separation and Sensitive Detection of Viable Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Anal Chem 2017; 89:1916-1921. [PMID: 28208306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A virulent bacteriophage highly specific to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was isolated from hospital sewage using a lambda bacteriophage isolation protocol. The bacteriophage, named as PAP1, was used to functionalize tosyl-activated magnetic beads to establish a bacteriophage-affinity strategy for separation and detection of viable P. aeruginosa. Recognition of the target bacteria by tail fibers and baseplate of the bacteriophage led to capture of P. aeruginosa onto the magnetic beads. After a replication cycle of about 100 min, the progenies lysed the target bacteria and released the intracellular adenosine triphosphate. Subsequently, firefly luciferase-adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence system was used to quantitate the amount of P. aeruginosa. This bacteriophage-affinity strategy for viable P. aeruginosa detection showed a linear range of 6.0 × 102 to 3.0 × 105 CFU mL-1, with a detection limit of 2.0 × 102 CFU mL-1. The whole process for separation and detection could be completed after bacteria capture, bacteriophage replication, and bacteria lysis within 2 h. Since the isolated bacteriophage recognized the target bacteria with very high specificity, the proposed strategy did not show any signal response to all of the tested interfering bacteria. Furthermore, it excluded the interference from inactivated P. aeruginosa because the bacteriophage could replicate only in viable cells. The proposed strategy had been applied for detection of P. aeruginosa in glucose injection, human urine, and rat plasma. In the further work, this facile bacteriophage-affinity strategy could be extended for detection of other pathogens by utilizing virulent bacteriophage specific to other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College , Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Enci Fan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Huan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Su
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Guojian Liao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shuguang Lu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhifeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University , Chongqing 400716, China
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Ponce-Soto GY, Aguirre-von-Wobeser E, Eguiarte LE, Elser JJ, Lee ZMP, Souza V. Enrichment experiment changes microbial interactions in an ultra-oligotrophic environment. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:246. [PMID: 25883593 PMCID: PMC4381637 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase of nutrients in water bodies, in particular nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) due to the recent expansion of agricultural and other human activities is accelerating environmental degradation of these water bodies, elevating the risk of eutrophication and reducing biodiversity. To evaluate the ecological effects of the influx of nutrients in an oligotrophic and stoichiometrically imbalanced environment, we performed a replicated in situ mesocosm experiment. We analyzed the effects of a N- and P-enrichment on the bacterial interspecific interactions in an experiment conducted in the Cuatro Cienegas Basin (CCB) in Mexico. This is a desert ecosystem comprised of several aquatic systems with a large number of microbial endemic species. The abundance of key nutrients in this basin exhibits strong stoichiometric imbalance (high N:P ratios), suggesting that species diversity is maintained mostly by competition for resources. We focused on the biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance of 960 strains of cultivated bacteria in two habitats, water and sediment, before and after 3 weeks of fertilization. The water habitat was dominated by Pseudomonas, while Halomonas dominated the sediment. Strong antibiotic resistance was found among the isolates at time zero in the nutrient-poor bacterial communities, but resistance declined in the bacteria isolated in the nutrient-rich environments, suggesting that in the nutrient-poor original environment, negative inter-specific interactions were important, while in the nutrient-rich environments, competitive interactions are not so important. In water, a significant increase in the percentage of biofilm-forming strains was observed for all treatments involving nutrient addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Y Ponce-Soto
- Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Coyoacán, México
| | | | - Luis E Eguiarte
- Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Coyoacán, México
| | - James J Elser
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Zarraz M-P Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Valeria Souza
- Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Coyoacán, México
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Hemmatinezhad B, Ommi D, Hafshejani TT, Khamesipour F. Molecular detection and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from houseflies (Musca domestica) in Iran. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2015; 21:18. [PMID: 26034490 PMCID: PMC4450837 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-015-0021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium that can cause disease in humans and other animals. This study was conducted to screen for molecular detection and antimicrobial-resistant P. aeruginosa in Musca domestica in different locations in the Iranian provinces of Shahrekord and Isfahan. METHODS Musca domestica were captured by both manual and sticky trap methods, during the daytime, from household kitchens, cattle farms, animal hospitals, human hospitals, slaughterhouses and chicken farms at random locations in Shahrekord and Isfahan provinces of Iran, and subsequently transported to the laboratory for detection of P. aeruginosa. In the laboratory, flies were identified and killed by refrigeration in a cold chamber at -20 °C, then placed in 5 mL peptone water and left at room temperature for five hours before being processed. Pseudomonas isolates were preliminarily identified to genus level based on colony morphology and gram staining, and their identity was further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Overall blaTEM gene was recovered from 8.8 % (53/600) of the P. aeruginosa isolated from houseflies collected from the two provinces. A slightly higher prevalence (10.7 %; 32/300) was recorded in Shahrekord province than Isfahan province (7.0 %; 21/300). The locations did not differ statistically (p < 0.05) in bacterial prevalence in flies. Seasonal prevalence showed a significantly lower infection frequency during autumn. CONCLUSIONS Houseflies are important in the epidemiology of P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behsan Hemmatinezhad
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Davood Ommi
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taghi Taktaz Hafshejani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Faham Khamesipour
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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21
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Development of 8-benzyloxy-substituted quinoline ethers and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1217-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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