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Martínez-García E, de Lorenzo V. Pseudomonas putida as a synthetic biology chassis and a metabolic engineering platform. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 85:103025. [PMID: 38061264 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida, especially the KT2440 strain, is increasingly being utilized as a host for biotransformations of both industrial and environmental interest. The foundations of such performance include its robust redox metabolism, ability to tolerate a wide range of physicochemical stresses, rapid growth, versatile metabolism, nonpathogenic nature, and the availability of molecular tools for advanced genetic programming. These attributes have been leveraged for hosting engineered pathways for production of valuable chemicals or degradation/valorization of environmental pollutants. This has in turn pushed the boundaries of conventional enzymology toward previously unexplored reactions in nature. Furthermore, modifications to the physical properties of the cells have been made to enhance their catalytic performance. These advancements establish P. putida as bona fide chassis for synthetic biology, on par with more traditional metabolic engineering platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Martínez-García
- Systems Biology Department, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor de Lorenzo
- Systems Biology Department, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Zhao Y, Che Y, Zhang F, Wang J, Gao W, Zhang T, Yang C. Development of an efficient pathway construction strategy for rapid evolution of the biodegradation capacity of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and its application in bioremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143239. [PMID: 33158512 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we developed an efficient pathway construction strategy, consisting of DNA assembler-assisted pathway assembly and counterselection system-based chromosomal integration, for the rapid and efficient integration of synthetic biodegradation pathways into the chromosome of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Using this strategy, we created a novel degrader capable of complete mineralization of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) and 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP) by integrating γ-HCH and TCP biodegradation pathways into the chromosome of P. putida KT2440. Furthermore, the chromosomal integration efficiencies of γ-HCH and TCP biodegradation pathways were improved to 50% and 41.6% in P. putida KT2440, respectively, by the inactivation of a type I DNA restriction-modification system. The currently developed pathway construction strategy coupled with the mutant KTUΔhsdRMS will facilitate implantation of heterologous catabolic pathways into the chromosome for rapid evolution of the biodegradation capacity of P. putida. More importantly, the successful removal of γ-HCH (10 mg/kg soil) and TCP (0.2 mM) from soil and wastewater within 14 days, respectively, highlighted the potential of the novel degrader for in situ bioremediation of γ-HCH- and TCP-contaminated sites. Moreover, chromosomal integration of gfp made the degrader to be monitored easily during bioremediation. In the future, this strategy can be expanded to a broad range of bacterial species for widespread applications in bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - You Che
- Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weixia Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Fan X, Zhang Y, Zhao F, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Wang S, Liu R, Yang C. Genome reduction enhances production of polyhydroxyalkanoate and alginate oligosaccharide in Pseudomonas mendocina. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:2023-2031. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Wang XL, Dai SY, Wang QJ, Xu HN, Shi HQ, Kang YB, Zha DM. Efficient markerless gene deletions in Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 using a upp-based counterselective system. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 42:277-285. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Zhao F, He F, Liu X, Shi J, Liang J, Wang S, Yang C, Liu R. Metabolic engineering of Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01 for enhanced production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates with enriched content of the dominant monomer. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 154:1596-1605. [PMID: 31706817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, six genes involved in β-oxidation pathway of P. mendocina NK-01 were deleted to construct mutant strains NKU-∆β1 and NKU-∆β5. Compared with the wild strain NKU, the mcl-PHA titers of NKU-∆β5 were respectively increased by 5.58- and 4.85-fold for culturing with sodium octanoate and sodium decanoate. And the mcl-PHA titers of NKU-∆β1 was increased by 10.02-fold for culturing with dodecanoic acid. The contents of dominant monomers 3-hydroxydecanoate (3HD) and 3-hydroxydodecanoate (3HDD) of the mcl-PHA synthesized by NKU-∆β5 were obviously increased to 90.01 and 58.60 mol%, respectively. Further deletion of genes phaG and phaZ, the 3HD and 3HDD contents were further improved to 94.71 and 68.67 mol%, respectively. The highest molecular weight of mcl-PHA obtained in this study was 80.79 × 104 Da, which was higher than the previously reported mcl-PHA. With the increase of dominant monomer contents, the synthesized mcl-PHA showed better thermal properties, mechanical properties and crystallization properties. Interestingly, the cell size of NKU-∆β5 was larger than that of NKU due to the accumulation of more PHA granules. This study indicated that a systematically metabolic engineering approach for P. mendocina NK-01 could significantly improve the mcl-PHA titer, dominant monomer contents and physical properties of mcl-PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fanyang He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jingnan Liang
- Core Facility of Equipment, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shufang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Ruihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Zhao F, Liu X, Kong A, Zhao Y, Fan X, Ma T, Gao W, Wang S, Yang C. Screening of endogenous strong promoters for enhanced production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates in Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1798. [PMID: 30755729 PMCID: PMC6372614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) can be produced by microorganisms from renewable resources and is regarded as a promising bioplastic to replace petroleum-based plastics. Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01 is a medium-chain-length PHA (mcl-PHA)-producing strain and its whole-genome sequence is currently available. The yield of mcl-PHA in P. mendocina NK-01 is expected to be improved by applying a promoter engineering strategy. However, a limited number of well-characterized promoters has greatly restricted the application of promoter engineering for increasing the yield of mcl-PHA in P. mendocina NK-01. In this work, 10 endogenous promoters from P. mendocina NK-01 were identified based on RNA-seq and promoter prediction results. Subsequently, 10 putative promoters were characterized for their strength through the expression of a reporter gene gfp. As a result, five strong promoters designated as P4, P6, P9, P16 and P25 were identified based on transcriptional level and GFP fluorescence intensity measurements. To evaluate whether the screened promoters can be used to enhance transcription of PHA synthase gene (phaC), the three promoters P4, P6 and P16 were separately integrated into upstream of the phaC operon in the genome of P. mendocina NK-01, resulting in the recombinant strains NKU-4C1, NKU-6C1 and NKU-16C1. As expected, the transcriptional levels of phaC1 and phaC2 in the recombinant strains were increased as shown by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The phaZ gene encoding PHA depolymerase was further deleted to construct the recombinant strains NKU-∆phaZ-4C1, NKU-∆phaZ-6C1 and NKU-∆phaZ-16C1. The results from shake-flask fermentation indicated that the mcl-PHA titer of recombinant strain NKU-∆phaZ-16C1 was increased from 17 to 23 wt% compared with strain NKU-∆phaZ. This work provides a feasible method to discover strong promoters in P. mendocina NK-01 and highlights the potential of the screened endogenous strong promoters for metabolic engineering of P. mendocina NK-01 to increase the yield of mcl-PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Annie Kong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weixia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Shufang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Zhao F, Gong T, Liu X, Fan X, Huang R, Ma T, Wang S, Gao W, Yang C. Morphology engineering for enhanced production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates in Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:1713-1724. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wang J, Peng J, Fan H, Xiu X, Xue L, Wang L, Su J, Yang X, Wang R. Development of mazF-based markerless genome editing system and metabolic pathway engineering in Candida tropicalis for producing long-chain dicarboxylic acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 45:971-981. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Candida tropicalis can grow with alkanes or plant oils as the sole carbon source, and its industrial application thus has great potential. However, the choice of a suitable genetic operating system can effectively increase the speed of metabolic engineering. MazF functions as an mRNA interferase that preferentially cleaves single-stranded mRNAs at ACA sequences to inhibit protein synthesis, leading to cell growth arrest. Here, we constructed a suicide plasmid named pPICPJ-mazF that uses the mazF gene of Escherichia coli as a counterselectable marker for the markerless editing of C. tropicalis genes to increase the rate of conversion of oils into long-chain dicarboxylic acids. To reduce the β-oxidation of fatty acids, the carnitine acetyltransferase gene (CART) was deleted using the gene editing system, and the yield of long-chain acids from the strain was increased to 8.27 g/L. By two homologous single exchanges, the promoters of both the cytochrome P450 gene and the NADPH–cytochrome P450 reductase gene were subsequently replaced by the constitutively expressed promoter pGAP, and the production of long-chain dicarboxylic acids by the generated strain (C. tropicalis PJPP1702) reached 11.39 g/L. The results of fed-batch fermentation showed that the yield of long-chain acids from the strain was further increased to 32.84 g/L, which was 11.4 times higher than that from the original strain. The results also showed that the pPICPJ-mazF-based markerless editing system may be more suited for completing the genetic editing of C. tropicalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Wang
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Peng
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Fan
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xiu
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Xue
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Su
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- grid.443420.5 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
- grid.443420.5 Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 250353 Jinan Shandong People’s Republic of China
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Genome Editing Method for the Anaerobic Magnetotactic Bacterium Desulfovibrio magneticus RS-1. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.01724-18. [PMID: 30194101 PMCID: PMC6210102 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01724-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a group of organisms that form intracellular nanometer-scale magnetic crystals though a complex process involving lipid and protein scaffolds. These magnetic crystals and their lipid membranes, termed magnetosomes, are model systems for studying bacterial cell biology and biomineralization and are potential platforms for biotechnological applications. Due to a lack of genetic tools and unculturable representatives, the mechanisms of magnetosome formation in phylogenetically deeply branching MTB remain unknown. These MTB contain elongated bullet-/tooth-shaped magnetite and greigite crystals that likely form in a manner distinct from that of the cubooctahedral-shaped magnetite crystals of the genetically tractable MTB within the Alphaproteobacteria. Here, we present a method for genome editing in Desulfovibrio magneticus RS-1, a cultured representative of the deeply branching MTB of the class Deltaproteobacteria. This marks a crucial step in developing D. magneticus as a model for studying diverse mechanisms of magnetic particle formation by MTB. Magnetosomes are complex bacterial organelles that serve as model systems for studying bacterial cell biology, biomineralization, and global iron cycling. Magnetosome biogenesis is primarily studied in two closely related Alphaproteobacteria of the genus Magnetospirillum that form cubooctahedral-shaped magnetite crystals within a lipid membrane. However, chemically and structurally distinct magnetic particles have been found in physiologically and phylogenetically diverse bacteria. Due to a lack of molecular genetic tools, the mechanistic diversity of magnetosome formation remains poorly understood. Desulfovibrio magneticus RS-1 is an anaerobic sulfate-reducing deltaproteobacterium that forms bullet-shaped magnetite crystals. A recent forward genetic screen identified 10 genes in the conserved magnetosome gene island of D. magneticus that are essential for its magnetic phenotype. However, this screen likely missed mutants with defects in crystal size, shape, and arrangement. Reverse genetics to target the remaining putative magnetosome genes using standard genetic methods of suicide vector integration have not been feasible due to the low transconjugation efficiency. Here, we present a reverse genetic method for targeted mutagenesis in D. magneticus using a replicative plasmid. To test this method, we generated a mutant resistant to 5-fluorouracil by making a markerless deletion of the upp gene that encodes uracil phosphoribosyltransferase. We also used this method for targeted marker exchange mutagenesis by replacing kupM, a gene identified in our previous screen as a magnetosome formation factor, with a streptomycin resistance cassette. Overall, our results show that targeted mutagenesis using a replicative plasmid is effective in D. magneticus and may also be applied to other genetically recalcitrant bacteria. IMPORTANCE Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a group of organisms that form intracellular nanometer-scale magnetic crystals though a complex process involving lipid and protein scaffolds. These magnetic crystals and their lipid membranes, termed magnetosomes, are model systems for studying bacterial cell biology and biomineralization and are potential platforms for biotechnological applications. Due to a lack of genetic tools and unculturable representatives, the mechanisms of magnetosome formation in phylogenetically deeply branching MTB remain unknown. These MTB contain elongated bullet-/tooth-shaped magnetite and greigite crystals that likely form in a manner distinct from that of the cubooctahedral-shaped magnetite crystals of the genetically tractable MTB within the Alphaproteobacteria. Here, we present a method for genome editing in Desulfovibrio magneticus RS-1, a cultured representative of the deeply branching MTB of the class Deltaproteobacteria. This marks a crucial step in developing D. magneticus as a model for studying diverse mechanisms of magnetic particle formation by MTB.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
The
Lactobacillus
genus is a diverse group of microorganisms, many of which are of industrial and medical relevance. Several
Lactobacillus
species have been used as probiotics, organisms that when present in sufficient quantities confer a health benefit to the host. A significant limitation to the mechanistic understanding of how these microbes provide health benefits to their hosts and how they can be used as therapeutic delivery systems has been the lack of genetic strategies to efficiently manipulate their genomes. This article will review the development and employment of traditional genetic tools in lactobacilli and highlight the latest methodologies that are allowing for precision genome engineering of these probiotic organisms. The application of these tools will be key in providing mechanistic insights into probiotics as well as maximizing the value of lactobacilli as either a traditional probiotic or as a platform for the delivery of therapeutic proteins. Finally, we will discuss concepts that we consider relevant for the delivery of engineered therapeutics to the human gut.
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The Enrichment of Microbial Community for Accumulating Polyhydroxyalkanoates Using Propionate-Rich Waste. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 182:755-768. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wang Y, Zhao F, Fan X, Wang S, Song C. Enhancement of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates biosynthesis from glucose by metabolic engineering in Pseudomonas mendocina. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 38:313-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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