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Smith S, Lopez S, Kim A, Kasteri J, Olumuyide E, Punu K, de la Parra C, Sauane M. Interleukin 24: Signal Transduction Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3365. [PMID: 37444474 PMCID: PMC10340555 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 24 is a member of the IL-10 family with crucial roles in antitumor, wound healing responses, host defense, immune regulation, and inflammation. Interleukin 24 is produced by both immune and nonimmune cells. Its canonical pathway relies on recognition and interaction with specific Interleukin 20 receptors in the plasma membrane and subsequent cytoplasmic Janus protein tyrosine kinases (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of the transcription (STAT) activation. The identification of noncanonical JAK/STAT-independent signaling pathways downstream of IL-24 relies on the interaction of IL-24 with protein kinase R in the cytosol, respiratory chain proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and chaperones such as Sigma 1 Receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum. Numerous studies have shown that enhancing or inhibiting the expression of Interleukin 24 has a therapeutic effect in animal models and clinical trials in different pathologies. Successful drug targeting will require a deeper understanding of the downstream signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the signaling pathway triggered by IL-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simira Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Sual Lopez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Anastassiya Kim
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
| | - Justina Kasteri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Ezekiel Olumuyide
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Kristian Punu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Columba de la Parra
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
- Department of Chemistry, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Moira Sauane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Herbert H. Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (S.S.); (S.L.); (J.K.); (E.O.); (K.P.)
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; (A.K.); (C.d.l.P.)
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Grim-19 plays a key role in mitochondrial steroidogenic acute regulatory protein stability and ligand-binding properties in Leydig cells. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102671. [PMID: 36334625 PMCID: PMC9768377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Grim-19 (gene associated with retinoid-IFN-induced mortality 19), the essential component of complex I of mitochondrial respiratory chain, functions as a noncanonical tumor suppressor by controlling apoptosis and energy metabolism. However, additional biological actions of Grim-19 have been recently suggested in male reproduction. We investigated here the expression and functional role of Grim-19 in murine testis. Testicular Grim-19 expression was detected from mouse puberty and increased progressively thereafter, and GRIM-19 protein was observed to be expressed exclusively in interstitial Leydig cells (LCs), with a prominent mitochondrial localization. In vivo lentiviral vector-mediated knockdown of Grim-19 resulted in a significant decrease in testosterone production and triggered aberrant oxidative stress in testis, thus impairing male fertility by inducing germ cell apoptosis and oligozoospermia. The control of testicular steroidogenesis by GRIM-19 was validated using the in vivo knockdown model with isolated primary LCs and in vitro experiments with MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cells. Mechanistically, we suggest that the negative regulation exerted by GRIM-19 deficiency-induced oxidative stress on steroidogenesis may be the result of two phenomena: a direct effect through inhibition of phosphorylation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and subsequent impediment to StAR localization in mitochondria and an indirect pathway that is to facilitate the inhibiting role exerted by the extracellular matrix on the steroidogenic capacity of LCs via promotion of integrin activation. Altogether, our observations suggest that Grim-19 plays a potent role in testicular steroidogenesis and that its alterations may contribute to testosterone deficiency-related disorders linked to metabolic stress and male infertility.
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Yang Y, Liu H, Zhao Y, Geng C, Chao L, Hao A. Grim-19 deficiency promotes decidual macrophage autophagy in recurrent spontaneous abortion. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1023194. [PMID: 36387896 PMCID: PMC9641028 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1023194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of decidual macrophages leads to the occurrence of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). However, the role of macrophages in RSA occurrence remains unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of Grim-19 was decreased, and the expression of autophagy related proteins Beclin1, LC3B II/I and BNIP3 was markedly upregulated in decidual macrophages of RSA patients compared with the normal pregnancy group. Furthermore, we demonstrated that downregulation of GRIM-19 increased the expression of autophagy related proteins Beclin1, LC3B II/I, BNIP3 and the proinflammatory cytokines IL1B, IL6 and TNFa in uterine mononuclear cells of GRIM-19+/- mice. The proportion of CD45+CD11b+F4/80+LC3B+ cells in GRIM-19+/- mouse uteri was significantly higher than that in WT mouse uteri. In addition, we confirmed that inhibition of Grim-19 by siRNA enhanced the expression of autophagy related proteins in RAW264.7 cells and THP-1 cells. More importantly, downregulation of Grim-19 in RAW264.7 cells promoted the release of proinflammatory cytokines and promoted phagocytic activity, which could be reversed by autophagy blockade. For THP-1-derived macrophages, the results of RNA-seq suggested that Grim-19 mainly modulates immune and inflammatory-related pathways, leading to cytokine production, and thus contributing to inflammation. Therefore, our data reveal that Grim-19 deficiency influences macrophage function, characterized by enhanced proinflammatory cytokines and phagocytic activity, and this might be regulated by autophagy. This may represent a novel mechanism for the occurrence of RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Geng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lan Chao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Aijun Hao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Aijun Hao,
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Elucidating the role of GRIM-19 as a substrate and allosteric activator of pro-apoptotic serine protease HtrA2. Biochem J 2021; 478:1241-1259. [PMID: 33650635 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
HtrA2 (high-temperature requirement A2) and GRIM-19 (gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 19 protein) are involved in various biological functions with their deregulation leading to multiple diseases. Although it is known that the interaction between GRIM-19 with HtrA2 promotes the pro-apoptotic activity of the latter, the mechanistic details remained elusive till date. Moreover, designing allosteric modulators of HtrA2 remains obscure due to lack of adequate information on the mode of interaction with its natural substrates cum binding partners. Therefore, in this study, we have unfolded the interaction between HtrA2 and GRIM-19 so as to understand its subsequent functional repercussions. Using in silico analyses and biochemical assays, we identified the region in GRIM-19 that is involved in protein-protein interaction with HtrA2. Furthermore, we have presented a comprehensive illustration of HtrA2's cleavage site specificity. Quantitative analysis using enzyme kinetics underscored the role of GRIM-19 in significant allosteric activation of HtrA2. Overall, this is an extensive study that not only defines HtrA2-GRIM-19 interaction, but also creates a framework for developing strategies toward allosteric regulation of HtrA2 for future therapeutic interventions.
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Correia M, Lima AR, Batista R, Máximo V, Sobrinho-Simões M. Inherited Thyroid Tumors With Oncocytic Change. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:691979. [PMID: 34177813 PMCID: PMC8220141 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.691979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) corresponds to 5-10% of all follicular cell-derived carcinoma (FCDTC). Oncocytic thyroid tumors have an increased incidence in the familial context in comparison with sporadic FCDTC, encompassing benign and malignant tumors in the same family presenting with some extent of cell oxyphilia. This has triggered the interest of our and other groups to clarify the oncocytic change, looking for genetic markers that could explain the emergence of this phenotype in thyroid benign and malignant lesions, focusing on familial aggregation. Despite some advances regarding the identification of the gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 19 (GRIM-19), as one of the key candidate genes affected in the "Tumor with Cell Oxyphilia" (TCO) locus, most of the mutations follow a pattern of "private mutations", almost exclusive to one family. Moreover, no causative genetic alterations were identified so far in most families. The incomplete penetrance of the disease, the diverse benign and malignant phenotypes in the affected familial members and the variable syndromic associations create an additional layer of complexity for studying the genetic alterations in oncocytic tumors. In the present review, we summarized the available evidence supporting genomic-based mechanisms for the oncocytic change, particularly in the context of FNMTC. We have also addressed the challenges and gaps in the aforementioned mechanisms, as well as molecular clues that can explain, at least partially, the phenotype of oncocytic tumors and the respective clinico-pathological behavior. Finally, we pointed to areas of further investigation in the field of oncocytic (F)NMTC with translational potential in terms of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Correia
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Marcelo Correia,
| | - Ana Rita Lima
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Batista
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
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Liu XD, Li YG, Wang GY, Bi YG, Zhao Y, Yan ML, Liu X, Wei M, Wan LL, Zhang QY. Metformin protects high glucose‑cultured cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress by promoting NDUFA13 expression and mitochondrial biogenesis via the AMPK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5262-5270. [PMID: 33174032 PMCID: PMC7646981 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage in diabetes is at least partly due to elevated reactive oxygen species production by the mitochondrial respiratory chain during hyperglycemia. Sustained hyperglycemia results in mitochondrial dysfunction and the abnormal expression of mitochondrial genes, such as NADH: Ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A13 (NDUFA13). Metformin, an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, protects cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress by improving mitochondrial function; however, the exact underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to investigated the molecular changes and related regulatory mechanisms in the response of H9C2 cardiomyocytes to metformin under high glucose conditions. H9C2 cells were subjected to CCK-8 assay to assess cell viability. Reactive oxygen species generation was measured with DCFH-DA assay. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels of NDUFA13, AMPK, p-AMPK and GAPDH. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of mitochondrial genes and transcription factors. It was observed that metformin protected H9C2 cardiomyocytes by suppressing high glucose (HG)-induced elevated oxidative stress. In addition, metformin stimulated mitochondrial biogenesis, as indicated by increased expression levels of mitochondrial genes (NDUFA1, NDUFA2, NDUFA13 and manganese superoxide dismutase) and mitochondrial biogenesis-related transcription factors [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α, nuclear respiratory factor (NRF)-1, and NRF-2] in the metformin + HG group compared with the HG group. Moreover, metformin promoted mitochondrial NDUFA13 protein expression via the AMPK signaling pathway, which was abolished by pretreatment with the AMPK inhibitor, Compound C. The results suggested that metformin protected cardiomyocytes against HG-induced oxidative stress via a mechanism involving AMPK, NDUFA13 and mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Dong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Guang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Guang Bi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Li-Li Wan
- Division of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Novel NDUFA13 Mutations Associated with OXPHOS Deficiency and Leigh Syndrome: A Second Family Report. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080855. [PMID: 32722639 PMCID: PMC7465247 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Leigh syndrome (LS) usually presents as an early onset mitochondrial encephalopathy characterized by bilateral symmetric lesions in the basal ganglia and cerebral stem. More than 75 genes have been associated with this condition, including genes involved in the biogenesis of mitochondrial complex I (CI). In this study, we used a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel to identify two novel biallelic variants in the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A13 (NDUFA13) gene in a patient with isolated CI deficiency in skeletal muscle. Our patient, who represents the second family report with mutations in the CI NDUFA13 subunit, presented with LS lesions in brain magnetic resonance imaging, mild hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and progressive spastic tetraparesis. This phenotype manifestation is different from that previously described in the first NDUFA13 family, which was predominantly characterized by neurosensorial symptoms. Both in silico pathogenicity predictions and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) functional findings in patient’s skin fibroblasts (delayed cell growth, isolated CI enzyme defect, decreased basal and maximal oxygen consumption and as well as ATP production, together with markedly diminished levels of the NDUFA13 protein, CI, and respirasomes) suggest that these novel variants in the NDUFA13 gene are the underlying cause of the CI defect, expanding the genetic heterogeneity of LS.
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Kushwaha PP, Gupta S, Singh AK, Prajapati KS, Shuaib M, Kumar S. MicroRNA Targeting Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidases in Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:267-284. [PMID: 31656079 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production occurs primarily in the mitochondria as a by-product of cellular metabolism. ROS are also produced by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases in response to growth factors and cytokines by normal physiological signaling pathways. NADPH oxidase, a member of NADPH oxidase (NOX) family, utilizes molecular oxygen (O2) to generate ROS such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. Imbalance between ROS production and its elimination is known to be the major cause of various human diseases. NOX family proteins are exclusively involved in ROS production, which makes them attractive target(s) for the treatment of ROS-mediated diseases including cancer. Recent Advances: Molecules such as Keap1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, nuclear factor-kappaB, KRAS, kallistatin, gene associated with retinoic-interferon-induced mortality-19, and deregulated metabolic pathways are involved in ROS production in association with NADPH oxidase. Critical Issues: Therapeutic strategies targeting NADPH oxidases in ROS-driven cancers are not very effective due to its complex regulatory circuit. Tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) viz. miR-34a, miR-137, miR-99a, and miR-21a-3p targeting NADPH oxidases are predominantly downregulated in ROS-driven cancers. miRNAs also regulate other cellular machineries such as Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and NMDA receptors involved in ROS production and consequently drug resistance. Here, we discuss the structure, function, and metabolic role of NADPH oxidase, NOX family protein-protein interaction, their association with other pathways, and NADPH oxidase alteration by miRNAs. Moreover, we also discuss and summarize studies on NADPH oxidase associated with various malignancies and their therapeutic implications. Future Directions: Targeting NADPH oxidases through miRNAs appears to be a promising strategy for the treatment of ROS-driven cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prakash Kushwaha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- The James and Eilleen Dicke Laboratory, Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Divison of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Kumari Sunita Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Mohd Shuaib
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Shashank Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Chen W, Liu Q, Fu B, Liu K, Jiang W. Overexpression of GRIM-19 accelerates radiation-induced osteosarcoma cells apoptosis by p53 stabilization. Life Sci 2018; 208:232-238. [PMID: 30005830 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Osteosarcoma is one of the most aggressive types of primary bone cancer that responds poorly to radiotherapy frequently. The gene associated with retinoid-interferon mortality (GRIM-19) is a tumor suppressor that mediates cell apoptosis in multiple cancer types. However, the role of GRIM-19 in osteosarcoma and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. This study was designed to investigate the role and the underlying mechanism of GRIM-19 in osteosarcoma progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines were utilized to analyze the expressions of GRIM-19 in osteosarcoma by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Methods containing flow cytometry, irradiation exposure, cells inoculation, plasmid transfection, and protein immunoprecipitation were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms of GRIM-19 in osteosarcoma progression. KEY FINDINGS GRIM-19 is downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Exposure to radiation induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis by upregulation of p53 both in U2OS (p53-wt) and exogenous p53-introduced MG-63 (p53-null) osteosarcoma cells. Overexpression of GRIM-19 accelerates radiation-induced osteosarcoma cells apoptosis by p53 stabilization ex vivo and in vivo. Mechanistically, forced expression of GRIM-19 diminishes the activity of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), a specific p53 protease, results in the accumulation of p53 and activation of p53-mediated apoptosis. SIGNIFICANCE GRIM-19 was proved to modulate radiation-induced osteosarcoma cells apoptosis in a p53 dependent manner by mediating MDM2 activity, which sheds light on the development of GRIM-19-based molecular target therapy on osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhong Chen
- Medical Imaging Department, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Qingbai Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wujin People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Radiology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, China.
| | - Wenchao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wujin People's Hospital, Changzhou, China.
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Ni F, Yan CY, Zhou S, Hui PY, Du YH, Zheng L, Yu J, Hu XJ, Zhang ZG. Repression of GRIM19 expression potentiates cisplatin chemoresistance in advanced bladder cancer cells via disrupting ubiquitination-mediated Bcl-xL degradation. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 82:593-605. [PMID: 30032449 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3651-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mainstay of treatment for advanced bladder cancer (BC) is cisplatin (CDDP)-based systematic chemotherapy. However, acquired chemoresistance induced by as yet unidentified mechanisms is encountered frequently and often results in treatment failure and disease progression. The present study was designed to elucidate the expression and potential role of the gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM19) in the pathogenesis of CDDP resistance in BC. METHODS RT-qPCR and immunoblotting were employed to evaluate the expression profile of GRIM19 in clinical BC samples and in different BC cells. Using cell viability assay, apoptotic ELISA, xenografts mouse model, and Transwell assay, the effects of GRIM19 inhibition or GRIM19 overexpression on CDDP resistance were determined in different BC cells. Lastly, using co-immunoprecipitation, we provided the molecular evidence for the interaction between GRIM19 and Bcl-xL. RESULTS Expression levels of GRIM19 were significantly down-regulated in recurrent BC specimens, and in experimentally induced CDDP-resistant BC cells. Functionally, overexpression of the exogenous GRIM19 potentiated CDDP sensitivity and suppressed the survival and invasion of BC cells in the presence of CDDP challenge. Mechanistically, the compromised CDDP chemosensitization induced by GRIM19 loss was at least partially attributed to the attenuation of Bcl-xL polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation, because (1) GRIM19 colocalized with Bcl-xL in the mitochondria of BC cells and (2) GRIM19 overexpression promoted the ubiquitination of Bcl-xL, and this event could be effectively reversed by pretreatment with inhibitors of p38-MAPK and JNK pathways, indicating that GRIM19 overexpression-induced Bcl-xL ubiquitination may achieve in a p38/JNK-dependent manner. Using the UMUC-3 cells stably depleted of endogenous GRIM19, we further show that inhibition of Bcl-xL rectified GRIM19 deficiency-caused CDDP resistance in BC cells. In addition, BCL2L1 mRNA levels were negatively correlated with GRIM19 mRNA levels in CDDP-associated clinical BC tissues. CONCLUSIONS Disruption of GRIM19/Bcl-xL is a key mechanism of CDDP resistance in advanced BC. Therapeutically, enhancement of GRIM19 expression or employment of p38/JNK inhibitors may serve as resensitizing therapies for subgroups of CDDP-resistant or refractory BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ni
- Department of Urology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chang-You Yan
- Family Planning Service Stations of Health and Family Planning Commission of Chengcheng County, Chengcheng County, Weinan City, 714000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, No. 167 Fangdong Street, Baqiao District, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Peng-Yu Hui
- Department of Urology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yong-Hui Du
- Department of Urology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Urology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Urology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Hu
- Department of Urology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
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11
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Retinoid interferon-induced mortality19 (GRIM19) inhibits proliferation and invasion in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:719-725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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12
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GRIM-19 represses the proliferation and invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells associated with downregulation of STAT3 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1169-1176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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13
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Pang L, Xia Y, Wang D, Meng X. Antitumor activity of iNGR-GRIM-19 in colorectal cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2017; 47:795-808. [PMID: 28903530 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyx090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Pang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130021, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Xiangwei Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130021, China
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14
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Correia M, Pinheiro P, Batista R, Soares P, Sobrinho-Simões M, Máximo V. Etiopathogenesis of oncocytomas. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 47:82-94. [PMID: 28687249 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oncocytomas are distinct tumors characterized by an abnormal accumulation of defective and (most probably) dysfunctional mitochondria in cell cytoplasm of such tumors. This particular phenotype has been studied for the last decades and the clarification of the etiopathogenic causes are still needed. Several mechanisms involved in the formation and maintenance of oncocytomas are accepted as reasonable causes, but the relevance and contribution of each one for oncocytic transformation may depend on different cancer etiopathogenic contexts. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the etiopathogenic events that may lead to oncocytic transformation and discuss their contribution for tumor progression and mitochondrial accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Correia
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pinheiro
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Batista
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Kim JH, Sung PS, Lee EB, Hur W, Park DJ, Shin EC, Windisch MP, Yoon SK. GRIM-19 Restricts HCV Replication by Attenuating Intracellular Lipid Accumulation. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:576. [PMID: 28443075 PMCID: PMC5387058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene-associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality 19 (GRIM-19) targets multiple signaling pathways involved in cell death and growth. However, the role of GRIM-19 in the pathogenesis of hepatitis virus infections remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the restrictive effects of GRIM-19 on the replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV). We found that GRIM-19 protein levels were reduced in HCV-infected Huh7 cells and Huh7 cells harboring HCV replicons. Moreover, ectopically expressed GRIM-19 caused a reduction in both intracellular viral RNA levels and secreted viruses in HCVcc-infected cell cultures. The restrictive effect on HCV replication was restored by treatment with siRNA against GRIM-19. Interestingly, GRIM-19 overexpression did not alter the level of phosphorylated STAT3 or its subcellular distribution. Strikingly, forced expression of GRIM-19 attenuated an increase in intracellular lipid droplets after oleic acid (OA) treatment or HCVcc infection. GRIM-19 overexpression abrogated fatty acid-induced upregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1 (SREBP-1c), resulting in attenuated expression of its target genes such as fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). Treatment with OA or overexpression of SREBP-1c in GRIM-19-expressing, HCVcc-infected cells restored HCV replication. Our results suggest that GRIM-19 interferes with HCV replication by attenuating intracellular lipid accumulation and therefore is an anti-viral host factor that could be a promising target for HCV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hee Kim
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center and WHO Collaborating Center of Viral Hepatitis, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul, South Korea
| | - Pil S Sung
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Eun B Lee
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center and WHO Collaborating Center of Viral Hepatitis, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul, South Korea
| | - Wonhee Hur
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center and WHO Collaborating Center of Viral Hepatitis, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul, South Korea
| | - Dong J Park
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center and WHO Collaborating Center of Viral Hepatitis, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul, South Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Marc P Windisch
- Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Discovery Biology Department, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-siGyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Seung K Yoon
- The Catholic University Liver Research Center and WHO Collaborating Center of Viral Hepatitis, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul, South Korea
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16
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Hu K, Tian Y, Du Y, Huang L, Chen J, Li N, Liu W, Liang Z, Zhao L. Atrazine promotes RM1 prostate cancer cell proliferation by activating STAT3 signaling. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:2166-74. [PMID: 26984284 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrazine, a widely used pesticide, is frequently detected in soil and surface water, which alarms epidemiologists and medical professionals because of its potential deleterious effects on health. Indeed, atrazine is a potent endocrine disruptor that increases aromatase expression in some human cancer cell lines. Both animal and human studies have suggested that atrazine is possibly carcinogenic, although discrepant results have been reported. In this study, RM1 cells were used to explore the atrazine effects on prostate cancer. Proliferation, migration and invasion of RM1 cells were assessed by colony formation, wound-healing and invasion assays, respectively, after in vitro exposure to atrazine. In addition, an RM1 cell xenograft model was generated to evaluate the effects of atrazine in vivo. To explore the molecular mechanisms, qRT‑PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blot analyses were employed to detect mRNA and protein levels of STAT3 signaling and cell cycle related proteins, including p53, p21, cyclin B1 and cyclin D1. Interestingly, RM1 cell proliferation was increased after treatment with atrazine, concomitantly with STAT3 signaling activation. These results suggest that atrazine promotes RM1 cell growth in vitro and in vivo by activating STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kebang Hu
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yong Tian
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Du
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P.R. China
| | - Liandi Huang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Junyu Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Jilin Academy of Environmental Science, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Zuowen Liang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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17
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Hao M, Shu Z, Sun H, Sun R, Wang Y, Liu T, Ji D, Cong X. GRIM-19 expression is a potent prognostic marker in colorectal cancer. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:1815-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Angebault C, Charif M, Guegen N, Piro-Megy C, Mousson de Camaret B, Procaccio V, Guichet PO, Hebrard M, Manes G, Leboucq N, Rivier F, Hamel CP, Lenaers G, Roubertie A. Mutation in NDUFA13/GRIM19 leads to early onset hypotonia, dyskinesia and sensorial deficiencies, and mitochondrial complex I instability. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3948-55. [PMID: 25901006 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I (CI) deficiencies are causing debilitating neurological diseases, among which, the Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy and Leigh Syndrome are the most frequent. Here, we describe the first germinal pathogenic mutation in the NDUFA13/GRIM19 gene encoding a CI subunit, in two sisters with early onset hypotonia, dyskinesia and sensorial deficiencies, including a severe optic neuropathy. Biochemical analysis revealed a drastic decrease in CI enzymatic activity in patient muscle biopsies, and reduction of CI-driven respiration in fibroblasts, while the activities of complex II, III and IV were hardly affected. Western blots disclosed that the abundances of NDUFA13 protein, CI holoenzyme and super complexes were drastically reduced in mitochondrial fractions, a situation that was reproduced by silencing NDUFA13 in control cells. Thus, we established here a correlation between the first mutation yet identified in the NDUFA13 gene, which induces CI instability and a severe but slowly evolving clinical presentation affecting the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Angebault
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Majida Charif
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, IBS-CHU Angers, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France
| | - Naig Guegen
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, IBS-CHU Angers, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France
| | - Camille Piro-Megy
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Benedicte Mousson de Camaret
- Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme-Pathologies Mitochondriales, Centre de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, 69 677 CHU Bron, France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, IBS-CHU Angers, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Guichet
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Maxime Hebrard
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Gael Manes
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | - François Rivier
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Gui de Chauliac, 34 295 Montpellier, France, PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France and
| | - Christian P Hamel
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Centre of Reference for Genetic Sensory Diseases, 34 295 Montpellier, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Département de Biochimie et Génétique, IBS-CHU Angers, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France
| | - Agathe Roubertie
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier I et II, BP 74103, 34 091 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Service de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Gui de Chauliac, 34 295 Montpellier, France,
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19
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has a tremendous coding capacity within its dsDNA genome that has allowed it to coevolve with its host. Transcription of the virus genome is not limited to protein-coding genes; in fact, most of the transcription from the HCMV genome during lytic replication generates viral ncRNAs that are not translated into protein. Four long ncRNAs (RNA5.0, RNA4.9, RNA1.2 and RNA2.7) account for the majority of HCMV transcription during lytic replication. Here, we review the expression and function of these long ncRNAs in the context of virus replication and pathogenesis. Long ncRNAs may contribute to HCMV evasion of the host response and manipulate cellular and viral programs to successfully persist throughout the lifetime of its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni M Schwarz
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, MS8333, 12800 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Caroline A Kulesza
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, MS8333, 12800 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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20
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Anholt RRH. Olfactomedin proteins: central players in development and disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2014; 2:6. [PMID: 25364714 PMCID: PMC4206993 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2014.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactomedin proteins are characterized by a conserved domain of \texorpdfstring~\textasciitilde250 amino acids corresponding to the olfactomedin archetype first discovered in olfactory neuroepithelium. They arose early in evolution and occur throughout the animal kingdom. In mice and humans olfactomedin proteins comprise a diverse array of glycoproteins, many of which are critical for early development and functional organization of the nervous system as well as hematopoiesis. Olfactomedin domains appear to facilitate protein-protein interactions, intercellular interactions, and cell adhesion. Several members of the family have been implicated in various common diseases, notably myocilin in glaucoma and OLFM4 in cancer. This review highlights this important, hitherto understudied family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R H Anholt
- Department of Biological Sciences and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
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21
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Kjellin H, Johansson H, Höög A, Lehtiö J, Jakobsson PJ, Kjellman M. Differentially expressed proteins in malignant and benign adrenocortical tumors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87951. [PMID: 24498411 PMCID: PMC3912167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We have compared the microsomal protein composition of eight malignant and six benign adrenocortical tumors with proteomic methods. IGF2 had increased level in the malignant tumors, confirming previous microarray studies on the same material. Aldolase A, a glycolytic enzyme, also showed increased levels in the malignant tissue compared to the benign. Additionally, several proteins belonging to complex I in the mitochondrial respiration chain showed decreased levels in the malignant tissue. Taken together, this may indicate a shift in energy metabolism where glycolysis may be favored over tight coupling of glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. One of the complex I proteins that showed decreased levels in the malignant tissue was GRIM-19. This protein has been suggested as a tumor suppressive protein by being a negative regulator of STAT3. In summary, an analysis of the microsomal proteome in adrenocortical tumors identifies groups of proteins as well as specific proteins differentially expressed in the benign and malignant forms. These proteins shed light on the biology behind malignancy and could delineate future drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kjellin
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Cancer Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Henrik Johansson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Cancer Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anders Höög
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Cancer Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Kjellman
- Department of Breast- and Endocrine Surgery, Section of Endocrine and Sarcoma Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Máximo V, Rios E, Sobrinho-Simões M. Oncocytic Lesions of the Thyroid, Kidney, Salivary Glands, Adrenal Cortex, and Parathyroid Glands. Int J Surg Pathol 2014; 22:33-6. [DOI: 10.1177/1066896913517938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oncocytic cell represents a special phenotype of neoplastic cells reflecting a unique biologic process characterized by the huge proliferation of morphologically abnormal mitochondria in the cytoplasm of neoplastic cells. This phenotype is driven by quite specific molecular mechanisms that interfere with mitochondrial function and metabolism. The oncocytic phenotype is more common in tumors arising in tissues presenting low proliferative rate, such as thyroid, kidney, salivary glands, adrenal cortex, and parathyroid glands, and it is superimposed on the genotypic and conventional histologic features of the tumors. In this short review, we address the similarity of the molecular alterations and of the biological features of the neoplastic cells in the oncocytic tumors of the different organs. We also discuss the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant oncocytic tumors as well as the prognosis of the malignant ones. We conclude that this rather unique phenotype, which is observed in tumors from different organs, indicates common metabolic alterations that may represent a useful target for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdemar Máximo
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Rios
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar S. João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar S. João, Porto, Portugal
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23
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Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I has a molecular mass of almost 1 MDa and comprises more than 40 polypeptides. Fourteen central subunits harbour the bioenergetic core functions. We are only beginning to understand the significance of the numerous accessory subunits. The present review addresses the role of accessory subunits for assembly, stability and regulation of complex I and for cellular functions not directly associated with redox-linked proton translocation.
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24
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Papa S, De Rasmo D. Complex I deficiencies in neurological disorders. Trends Mol Med 2012; 19:61-9. [PMID: 23265841 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Complex I is the point of entry in the mitochondrial electron transport chain for NADH reducing equivalents, and it behaves as a regulatable pacemaker of respiratory ATP production in human cells. Defects in complex I are associated with several human neurological disorders, including primary mitochondrial diseases, Parkinson disease (PD), and Down syndrome, and understanding the activity and regulation of complex I may reveal aspects of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Complex I is regulated by cyclic AMP (cAMP) and the protein kinase A (PKA) signal transduction pathway, and elucidating the role of the cAMP/PKA system in regulating complex I and oxygen free radical production provides new perspectives for devising therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Papa
- Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics (IBBE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy.
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25
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De Paepe B. Mitochondrial Markers for Cancer: Relevance to Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis and General Understanding of Malignant Disease Mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5402/2012/217162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells display changes that aid them to escape from cell death, sustain their proliferative powers, and shift their metabolism toward glycolytic energy production. Mitochondria are key organelles in many metabolic and biosynthetic pathways, and the adaptation of mitochondrial function has been recognized as crucial to the changes that occur in cancer cells. This paper zooms in on the pathologic evaluation of mitochondrial markers for diagnosing and staging of human cancer and determining the patients’ prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boel De Paepe
- Laboratories for Neuropathology & Mitochondrial Disorders, Ghent University Hospital, Building K5 3rd Floor, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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