1
|
Khadka P, Young CKJ, Sachidanandam R, Brard L, Young MJ. Our current understanding of the biological impact of endometrial cancer mtDNA genome mutations and their potential use as a biomarker. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1394699. [PMID: 38993645 PMCID: PMC11236604 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1394699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a devastating and common disease affecting women's health. The NCI Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program predicted that there would be >66,000 new cases in the United States and >13,000 deaths from EC in 2023, and EC is the sixth most common cancer among women worldwide. Regulation of mitochondrial metabolism plays a role in tumorigenesis. In proliferating cancer cells, mitochondria provide the necessary building blocks for biosynthesis of amino acids, lipids, nucleotides, and glucose. One mechanism causing altered mitochondrial activity is mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation. The polyploid human mtDNA genome is a circular double-stranded molecule essential to vertebrate life that harbors genes critical for oxidative phosphorylation plus mitochondrial-derived peptide genes. Cancer cells display aerobic glycolysis, known as the Warburg effect, which arises from the needs of fast-dividing cells and is characterized by increased glucose uptake and conversion of glucose to lactate. Solid tumors often contain at least one mtDNA substitution. Furthermore, it is common for cancer cells to harbor mixtures of wild-type and mutant mtDNA genotypes, known as heteroplasmy. Considering the increase in cancer cell energy demand, the presence of functionally relevant carcinogenesis-inducing or environment-adapting mtDNA mutations in cancer seems plausible. We review 279 EC tumor-specific mtDNA single nucleotide variants from 111 individuals from different studies. Many transition mutations indicative of error-prone DNA polymerase γ replication and C to U deamination events were present. We examine the spectrum of mutations and their heteroplasmy and discuss the potential biological impact of recurrent, non-synonymous, insertion, and deletion mutations. Lastly, we explore current EC treatments, exploiting cancer cell mitochondria for therapy and the prospect of using mtDNA variants as an EC biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pabitra Khadka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | - Carolyn K J Young
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, United States
| | | | - Laurent Brard
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Simmons Cancer Institute, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Matthew J Young
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, United States
- Simmons Cancer Institute, Springfield, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kuthethur R, Prasad K, Chakrabarty S, Kabekkodu SP, Singh KK, Thangaraj K, Satyamoorthy K. Advances in mitochondrial medicine and translational research. Mitochondrion 2021; 61:62-68. [PMID: 34363984 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Current knowledge of mitochondrial biology and function has provided tools and technologies that helped a better understanding of the molecular etiology of complex mitochondrial disorders. Dual genetic control of this subcellular organelle function regulates various signaling mechanisms which are essential for metabolism, bioenergetics, fatty acid biosynthesis, and DNA replication & repair. Understanding nuclear mitochondrial crosstalk through advanced genomics as well as clinical perspectives is the overall basis of mitochondrial research and medicine, also the sole objective of Society for Mitochondrial Medicine and Research (SMRM) - India. The eighth virtual international conference on 'Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine and Translational Research' was organized at the Manipal School of Life Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, India, during 6 - 7 November 2020. The aim of the virtual conference was to highlight the recent advances and future perspectives that represent comprehensive clinical and fundamental research interests in the area of mitochondrial biology of human diseases. To systematically present the various findings in mitochondrial biology, the meeting was themed with specific aspects comprising (a) mitochondrial disorders: clinical & genomic perspectives, (b) mitochondria in cancer, (c) mitochondrial metabolism & disorders, and (d) mitochondrial diseases & therapy. This report provides an overview of the recent advancements in the area of mitochondrial biology and medicine that was discussed at the conference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raviprasad Kuthethur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keshava Prasad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Kaul Genetics Building, Rm. 620, 720 20th St. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States
| | - Kumarasamy Thangaraj
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India; Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500 039, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuthethur R, Prasad K, Chakrabarty S, Prasada Kabekkodu S, Singh KK, Thangaraj K, Satyamoorthy K. Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine and Translational Research. Mitochondrion 2021:S1567-7249(21)00102-1. [PMID: 34363984 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Current knowledge of mitochondrial biology and function has provided with tools and technologies that helped a better understanding of the molecular etiology of complex mitochondrial disorders. Dual genetic control of this subcellular organelle function regulates various signaling mechanisms which are essential for metabolism, bioenergetics, fatty acid biosynthesis, and DNA replication & repair. Understanding nuclear mitochondrial crosstalk through advanced genomics as well as clinical perspectives is the overall basis of mitochondrial research and medicine, also the sole objective of Society for Mitochondrial Medicine and Research (SMRM) - India. The eighth virtual international conference on 'Advances in Mitochondrial Medicine and Translational Research' was organized at the Manipal School of Life Sciences, MAHE, Manipal, India, during 6 - 7 November 2020. The aim of the virtual conference was to highlight the recent advances and future perspectives that represent comprehensive clinical and fundamental research interests in the area of mitochondrial biology of human diseases. To systematically present the various findings in mitochondrial biology, the meeting was themed with specific aspects comprising (a) mitochondrial disorders: clinical & genomic perspectives, (b) mitochondria in cancer, (c) mitochondrial metabolism & disorders, and (d) mitochondrial diseases & therapy. This report provides an overview of the recent advancements in the area of mitochondrial biology and medicine that was discussed at the conference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raviprasad Kuthethur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keshava Prasad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Kaul Genetics Building, Rm. 620, 720 20th St. South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kumarasamy Thangaraj
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India; Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad, 500 039, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Imai-Okazaki A, Yagi N, Nitta KR, Murayama K, Ohtake A, Okazaki Y. Clinical heterogeneity in patients with m.4412G > A MT-TM mutation and different heteroplasmy levels. Mitochondrion 2021; 59:214-215. [PMID: 34089906 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The identification of the m.4412G > A MT-TM (mt-tRNAMet) mutation was first reported in 2019. The affected individual presented with childhood-onset seizures and myopathy and bilateral basal ganglia changes, with heteroplasmy levels in muscle as high as 90%. Here, we describe another adult-onset patient with the same mutation and additional phenotypes, including hearing impairment, cerebellar ataxia, progressive dementia, and myopathy. The 10% heteroplasmy level observed in skin fibroblasts from this patient are lower than those in the previously reported patient. Our report suggests possible clinical heterogeneity in patients with mitochondrial tRNA mutations based on heteroplasmy levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Imai-Okazaki
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyasu Yagi
- Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Shizuoka-Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro R Nitta
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Ohtake
- Department of Pediatrics & Clinical Genomics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Center for Intractable Diseases, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Diagnostics and Therapeutics of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A novel mitochondrial m.4414T>C MT-TM gene variant causing progressive external ophthalmoplegia and myopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2019; 29:693-697. [PMID: 31488384 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel mitochondrial m.4414T>C variant in the mt-tRNAMet (MT-TM) gene in an adult patient with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia and myopathy whose muscle biopsy revealed focal cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-deficient and ragged red fibres. The m.4414T>C variant occurs at a strongly evolutionary conserved sequence position, disturbing a canonical base pair and disrupting the secondary and tertiary structure of the mt-tRNAMet. Definitive evidence of pathogenicity is provided by clear segregation of m.4414T>C mutant levels with COX deficiency in single muscle fibres. Interestingly, the variant is present in skeletal muscle at relatively low levels (30%) and undetectable in accessible, non-muscle tissues from the patient and her asymptomatic brother, emphasizing the continuing requirement for a diagnostic muscle biopsy as the preferred tissue for mtDNA genetic investigations of mt-tRNA variants leading to mitochondrial myopathy.
Collapse
|