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Disha B, Mathew RP, Dalal AB, Mahato AK, Satyamoorthy K, Singh KK, Thangaraj K, Govindaraj P. Mitochondria in biology and medicine - 2023. Mitochondrion 2024; 76:101853. [PMID: 38423268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are an indispensable part of the cell that plays a crucial role in regulating various signaling pathways, energy metabolism, cell differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. Since mitochondria have their own genetic material, they differ from their nuclear counterparts, and dysregulation is responsible for a broad spectrum of diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with several disorders, including neuro-muscular disorders, cancer, and premature aging, among others. The intricacy of the field is due to the cross-talk between nuclear and mitochondrial genes, which has also improved our knowledge of mitochondrial functions and their pathogenesis. Therefore, interdisciplinary research and communication are crucial for mitochondrial biology and medicine due to the challenges they pose for diagnosis and treatment. The ninth annual conference of the Society for Mitochondria Research and Medicine (SMRM)- India, titled "Mitochondria in Biology and Medicine" was organized at the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, India, on June 21-23, 2023. The latest advancements in the field of mitochondrial biology and medicine were discussed at the conference. In this article, we summarize the entire event for the benefit of researchers working in the field of mitochondrial biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Disha
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Rohan Peter Mathew
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Ashwin B Dalal
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | - Ajay K Mahato
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara (SDM) University, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Manjushree Nagar, Sattur, Dharwad 580009, India
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Kaul Genetics Building, Rm. 620, 720 20th St. South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kumarasamy Thangaraj
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Periyasamy Govindaraj
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India; Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560029, India.
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Hansen FM, Kremer LS, Karayel O, Bludau I, Larsson NG, Kühl I, Mann M. Mitochondrial phosphoproteomes are functionally specialized across tissues. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302147. [PMID: 37984987 PMCID: PMC10662294 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles whose dysfunction causes human pathologies that often manifest in a tissue-specific manner. Accordingly, mitochondrial fitness depends on versatile proteomes specialized to meet diverse tissue-specific requirements. Increasing evidence suggests that phosphorylation may play an important role in regulating tissue-specific mitochondrial functions and pathophysiology. Building on recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics, we here quantitatively profile mitochondrial tissue proteomes along with their matching phosphoproteomes. We isolated mitochondria from mouse heart, skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue, kidney, liver, brain, and spleen by differential centrifugation followed by separation on Percoll gradients and performed high-resolution MS analysis of the proteomes and phosphoproteomes. This in-depth map substantially quantifies known and predicted mitochondrial proteins and provides a resource of core and tissue-specific mitochondrial proteins (mitophos.de). Predicting kinase substrate associations for different mitochondrial compartments indicates tissue-specific regulation at the phosphoproteome level. Illustrating the functional value of our resource, we reproduce mitochondrial phosphorylation events on dynamin-related protein 1 responsible for its mitochondrial recruitment and fission initiation and describe phosphorylation clusters on MIGA2 linked to mitochondrial fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fynn M Hansen
- https://ror.org/04py35477 Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Laura S Kremer
- https://ror.org/056d84691 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ozge Karayel
- https://ror.org/04py35477 Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Isabell Bludau
- https://ror.org/04py35477 Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nils-Göran Larsson
- https://ror.org/056d84691 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inge Kühl
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell, UMR9198, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Matthias Mann
- https://ror.org/04py35477 Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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Gayathri N, Deepha S, Sharma S. Diagnosis of primary mitochondrial disorders -Emphasis on myopathological aspects. Mitochondrion 2021; 61:69-84. [PMID: 34592422 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are one of the most common neurometabolic disorders affecting all age groups. The phenotype-genotype heterogeneity in these disorders can be attributed to the dual genetic control on mitochondrial functions, posing a challenge for diagnosis. Though the advancement in the high-throughput sequencing and other omics platforms resulted in a "genetics-first" approach, the muscle biopsy remains the benchmark in most of the mitochondrial disorders. This review focuses on the myopathological aspects of primary mitochondrial disorders. The utility of muscle biopsy is not limited to analyse the structural abnormalities; rather it also proves to be a potential tool to understand the deranged sub-cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanappa Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560 029, India.
| | - Sekar Deepha
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560 029, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560 029, India
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