A method for production of Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-aminoadipate-δ-semialdehyde with amine oxidase from Aspergillus niger

Enzymes responsible for metabolism of Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine in microorganisms

The present paper reviews the enzymes catalyzing conversion of Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine (Nα-Z-L-lysine) to Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipic acid (Nα-Z-L-AAA) in fungal and bacterial strains. Aspergillus niger AKU 3302 and Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1 converted Nα-Z-L-lysine to Nα-Z-L-AAA via Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipate-δ-semialdehyde (Nα-Z-L-AASA). However, different enzyme combinations were involved in the Nα-Z-L-lysine metabolism of both strains. A. niger strain converted Nα-Z-L-lysine to Nα-Z-L-AASA by amine oxidase, and the resulting Nα-Z-L-AASA was converted to Nα-Z-L-AAA by an aldehyde oxidase. In the Rhodococcus strain, conversion of Nα-Z-L-lysine to Nα-Z-L-AASA was catalyzed by l-specific amino acid oxidase. The resulting Nα-Z-L-AASA was converted to Nα-Z-L-AAA by an aldehyde dehydrogenase. The present paper also describes characteristics of new enzymes obtained from those strains.

Analysis of selective production of Nalpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipate-delta-semialdehyde and Nalpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipic acid by Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1

The factors for selective production of N(alpha)-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipate-delta-semialdehyde (N(alpha)-Z-L-AASA) and N(alpha)-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipic acid (N(alpha)-Z-L-AAA) from N(alpha)-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine (N(alpha)-Z-L-lysine) by Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1 were analyzed. The cultivation time was important for selective production of N(alpha)-Z-L-AASA, since N(alpha)-Z-L-lysine oxidizing enzyme reached maximum at the early stage of cell growth and then decreased. The differences of enzyme activities of N(alpha)-Z-L-lysine oxidizing enzyme and N(alpha)-Z-L-AASA dehydrogenase in pH and temperature also affected the selective production of N(alpha)-Z-L-AASA. For efficient production of N(alpha)-Z-L-AAA, it was important for cultivation time that N(alpha)-Z-L-AASA dehydrogenase activity be higher than N(alpha)-Z-L-lysine oxidizing enzyme activity, since a high concentration of N(alpha)-Z-L-AASA inhibited N(alpha)-Z-L-AASA dehydrogenase activity. The optimum pH of N(alpha)-Z-L-AAA production was affected by the instability of N(alpha)-Z-L-AASA dehydrogenase in the alkaline pH region.

A new microbial method for more efficient production of Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipate δ-semialdehyde and Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-D-aminoadipate δ-semialdehyde

A new biochemical method for more efficient production of Nalpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipate delta-semialdehyde (Nalpha-Z-L-AASA) and Nalpha-Z-D-AASA was developed with cells of Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1. Using the cells harvested after 1 d of cultivation, more than 95 mM Nalpha-Z-L-AASA was produced from 100 mM Nalpha-Z-L-lysine by incubating at pH 5.0 for 1 d at 30 degrees C or by incubating at pH 7.0 for 2 d at 10 degrees C. A similar conversion yield of Nalpha-Z-D-AASA was also obtained under the same conditions. These reaction times required were 1/4 and 1/2 of the respective ones by the method with amine oxidase, and the yields of Nalpha-Z-L-AASA and Nalpha-Z-D-AASA were 2 times higher than the respective ones by the method with amine oxidase. In addition, this method had the advantages of not requiring purification of enzyme and addition of catalase. Thus, the microbial method proposed here was superior to the chemical and other biochemical methods in simplicity, reaction rate, and yield.