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Rajashekarappa KK, Basavarajappa A, Neelagund SE, Mahadevan GD, Achur RN, Kumar P. Propitious catalytic response of immobilized α-amylase from G. thermoleovorans in modified APTES-Fe 3O 4 NPs for industrial bio-processing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132021. [PMID: 38697441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Challenges in enzyme and product recovery are currently intriguing in modern biotechnology. Coping enzyme stability, shelf life and efficiency, nanomaterials-based immobilization were epitomized of industrial practice. Herein, a α-amylase from Geobacillus thermoleovorans was purified and bound effectively on to a modified 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-Fe3O4 nanoparticle. It was revealed that the carrier-bound enzyme catalysis (pH 8 and 60 °C) was significant in contrast to the free enzyme (pH 7.5 and 55 °C). Furthermore, Zn2+ and Cu2+ were shown to cause inhibitory effects in both enzyme states. Unlike chloroform, toluene, benzene, and butanol, minimal effects were observed with ethanol, acetone, and hexane. The bound enzyme retained 27.4 % of its initial activity after being stored for 36 days. In addition, the reusability of the bound enzyme showed a gradual decline in activity after the first cycle; however, after 13 cycles, its residual activity at 53 % was observed. These data proved significant enough to use this enzyme for industrial starch and analogous substrate bio-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avinash Basavarajappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga-577451, India
| | | | - Gurumurthy Dummi Mahadevan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201301, India.
| | - Rajeshwara Nagappa Achur
- Department of Biochemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga-577451, India
| | - Prabhanshu Kumar
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201301, India
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2
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Leathard AS, Beales PA, Taylor AF. Design of oscillatory dynamics in numerical simulations of compartment-based enzyme systems. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2023; 33:123128. [PMID: 38149992 DOI: 10.1063/5.0180256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic reactions that yield non-neutral products are known to involve feedback due to the bell-shaped pH-rate curve of the enzyme. Compartmentalizing the reaction has been shown to lead to transport-driven oscillations in theory; however, there have been few reproducible experimental examples. Our objective was to determine how the conditions could be optimized to achieve pH oscillations. We employed numerical simulations to investigate the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in a confined esterase enzyme system, examining the influence of key factors on its behavior. Specific parameter ranges that lead to bistability and self-sustained pH oscillations and the importance of fast base transport for oscillations in this acid-producing system are highlighted. Suggestions are made to expand the parameter space for the occurrence of oscillations, including modifying the maximum of the enzyme pH-rate curve and increasing the negative feedback rate. This research not only sheds light on the programmable nature of enzyme-driven pH regulation but also furthers knowledge on the optimal design of such feedback systems for experimentalists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Leathard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Beales
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Annette F Taylor
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
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3
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El Salamony DH, El Gayar DA, El Mahdy AR, Zaghloul TI. Preparation and characterization of silica nanoparticles as an efficient carrier for two bio‐detergents based enzymes. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dina H. El Salamony
- Department of Biotechnology Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Dina A. El Gayar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Ahmed R. El Mahdy
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Taha I. Zaghloul
- Department of Biotechnology Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
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4
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Li SF, Cheng F, Wang YJ, Zheng YG. Strategies for tailoring pH performances of glycoside hydrolases. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:121-141. [PMID: 34865578 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2004084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) exhibit high activity and stability under harsh conditions, such as high temperatures and extreme pHs, given their wide use in industrial biotechnology. However, strategies for improving the acidophilic and alkalophilic adaptations of GHs are poorly summarized due to the complexity of the mechanisms of these adaptations. This review not only highlights the adaptation mechanisms of acidophilic and alkalophilic GHs under extreme pH conditions, but also summarizes the recent advances in engineering the pH performances of GHs with a focus on four strategies of protein engineering, enzyme immobilization, chemical modification, and medium engineering (additives). The examples described here summarize the methods used in modulating the pH performances of GHs and indicate that methods integrated in different protein engineering techniques or methods are efficient to generate industrial biocatalysts with the desired pH performance and other adapted enzyme properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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5
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Aggarwal S, Ikram S. Zinc oxide nanoparticles-impregnated chitosan surfaces for covalent immobilization of trypsin: Stability & kinetic studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:205-221. [PMID: 35259431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Trypsin (Try, EC. 3.4.21.4) was effectively immobilized on the surface of glutaraldehyde(GA)-activated ZnO/Chitosan nanocomposite through covalent attachment via Schiff-base linkages. Size, structure, surface morphology, & percentage elemental composition of the prepared ZnO nanoparticles and chitosan-coated ZnO nanocomposite were studied by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Microanalysis (EDAX) techniques. Optimal immobilization conditions (incubation time (16 h), enzyme concentration (1.8 mg/ml), and pH (7.8)) were investigated to obtain the maximum expressed activity of the immobilized trypsin. Immobilized & solubilized trypsin exhibited the optimum catalytic activity at pH 8.5, 60 °C, and pH 7.8, 45 °C respectively. Kinetic parameters (Km, Vmax) of immobilized (27.12 μM, 8.82 μM/min) & free trypsin (25.76 μM, 4.16 μM/min) were determined, indicating that efficiency of trypsin improves after immobilization. Immobilized trypsin preserved 67% of initial activity at 50 °C during 2 h of incubation & sustained nearly 50% of catalytic activity until the 9th repeated cycle of utilization. Moreover, immobilized trypsin retained 50% of enzymatic activity after 90 days of storage at 4 °C. Hence, the current findings suggest that ZnO/Chitosan-GA-Trypsin would be a promising biocatalyst for large-scale biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Aggarwal
- Bio/Polymers Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Saiqa Ikram
- Bio/Polymers Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
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6
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Wang LL, Fan M, Xing X, Liu Y, Sun S. Immobilization of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase on Fe 3O 4 magnetic nanoparticles and its application in histamine removal. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111917. [PMID: 34120088 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from Lactobacillus plantarum is a novel biocatalyst in the degradation of histamine, but its properties need enhancement before practical application. Herein, we used Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as the carrier core to prepare immobilized GAPDH. GAPDH was cloned, expressed in E. coli and purified, followed by immobilization on Fe3O4 MNPs and characterization by TEM and FT-IR. Then, characteristic comparisons between immobilized enzyme and its free form showed that the optimal pH and temperature of the former shifted to 7.5 and 40 °C, respectively, and pH tolerance and thermostability were separately broadened to 4.5-8.5 and 50-60 °C. In a wine-making experiment, including grape and black raspberry wines, using the immobilized enzyme, the results showed that over 81 %, 75 % and 59 % of histamine was removed after each treatment. These findings demonstrate that immobilizing GAPDH onto Fe3O4 MNPs is facile and efficient for histamine removal in fermented beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Liang Wang
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China; Institute of Bionanotechnology, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China
| | - Minting Fan
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China; Institute of Food Science and Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, PR China
| | - Xin Xing
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China
| | - Yushen Liu
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China; Institute of Bionanotechnology, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China
| | - Shuyang Sun
- School of Food Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China; Institute of Bionanotechnology, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China.
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7
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α-Amylase Immobilized Composite Cryogels: Some Studies on Kinetic and Adsorption Factors. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:2483-2496. [PMID: 33779933 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Stability of enzymes is a significant factor for their industrial feasibility. α-Amylase is an important enzyme for some industries, i.e., textile, food, paper, and pharmaceutics. Pumice particles (PPa) are non-toxic, natural, and low-cost alternative adsorbents with high adsorption capacity. In this study, Cu2+ ions were attached to pumice particles (Cu2+-APPa). Then, Cu2+-APPa embedded composite cryogel was synthesized (Cu2+-APPaC) via polymerization of gel-forming agents at minus temperatures. Characterization studies of the Cu2+-APPaC cryogel column were performed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET) method. The experiments were carried out in a continuous column system. α-Amylase was adsorbed onto Cu2+-APPaC cryogel with maximum amount of 858.7 mg/g particles at pH 4.0. Effects of pH and temperature on the activity profiles of the free and the immobilized α-amylase were investigated, and results indicate that immobilization did not alter the optimum pH and temperature values. kcat value of the immobilized α-amylase is higher than that of the free α-amylase while KM value increases by immobilization. Storage and operational stabilities of the free and the immobilized α-amylase were determined for 35 days and for 20 runs, respectively.
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8
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Del Arco J, Alcántara AR, Fernández-Lafuente R, Fernández-Lucas J. Magnetic micro-macro biocatalysts applied to industrial bioprocesses. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 322:124547. [PMID: 33352394 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of magnetic biocatalysts is highly beneficial in bioprocesses technology, as it allows their easy recovering and enhances biocatalyst lifetime. Thus, it simplifies operational processing and increases efficiency, leading to more cost-effective processes. The use of small-size matrices as carriers for enzyme immobilization enables to maximize surface area and catalysts loading, also reducing diffusion limitations. As highly expensive nanoparticles (nm size) usually aggregate, their application at large scale is not recommended. In contrast, the use of magnetic micro-macro (µm-mm size) matrices leads to more homogeneous biocatalysts with null or very low aggregation, which facilitates an easy handling and recovery. The present review aims to highlight recent trends in the application of medium-to-high size magnetic biocatalysts in different areas (biodiesel production, food and pharma industries, protein purification or removal of environmental contaminants). The advantages and disadvantages of these above-mentioned magnetic biocatalysts in bioprocess technology will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Del Arco
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Biomedical Science School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
| | - Andrés R Alcántara
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Fernández-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Biomedical Science School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55 - 66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
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9
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Verma NK, Raghav N. Comparative study of covalent and hydrophobic interactions for α-amylase immobilization on cellulose derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 174:134-143. [PMID: 33428958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Indispensability of enzymes in living systems, their unique characteristics and simultaneous focus on development of greener methods have led to substitution of various chemical reactions by enzyme catalyzed reactions. One of the aspects in enzyme research is immobilization of enzymes. Immobilization provides a platform for reusability of significant enzymes. Varieties of methods have been explored for enzyme immobilization such as entrapment, adsorption, ionic interactions etc. Keeping in view the industrial utility of α-Amylase in leather, paper and other industries related to starch hydrolysis, we immobilized α-Amylase on cellulose isolated from banana peel. In present study, two different methods of immobilization - covalent bonding (Cellulose Dialdehyde as a support) and hydrophobic interactions (Nano Cellulose- Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide) were used. Cellulose obtained from bio-waste has been characterized using Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD). In this comparative study, Cellulose Dialdehyde (CDA) immobilized enzyme depicts high reusability, good enzyme loading, storage capacity up to 49 days, optimum pH 6, optimum temperature 95 °C, good pH and thermal stability as compared to native enzyme having optimum pH and temperature of 7 and 37 °C. On the contrary, nanocellulose - Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (NC-CTAB) matrix shows good enzyme loading and optimum pH shift of about 3 units but poor recyclability. Outcome of this study presents the promising nature of covalent mode of immobilization for industrial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kumar Verma
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Neera Raghav
- Chemistry Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India.
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10
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Oktay B, Demir S, Kayaman-Apohan N. Immobilization of pectinase on polyethyleneimine based support via spontaneous amino-yne click reaction. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Covalent immobilization of trypsin on polyvinyl alcohol-coated magnetic nanoparticles activated with glutaraldehyde. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 184:113195. [PMID: 32163827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles were coated with polyvinyl alcohol and activated with glutaraldehyde for trypsin immobilization. The prepared magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, zeta potential meter and vibrating sample magnetometer. Free and immobilized trypsin showed optimum activity at pH 6.0, 30 °C and pH 7.0, 40 °C, respectively. Immobilized trypsin was more stable than the free enzyme at 40 °C. After immobilization, Km of the immobilized trypsin increased, however, Vmax value was almost the same with free trypsin. According to the results, the immobilized trypsin retained 50 % of its initial activity, whereas free trypsin retained 19 % of its initial activity after 12-days at 4 °C. Immobilized trypsin sustained 56 % of its initial activity after eight times of successive reuse. The performance of the immobilized trypsin was evaluated by digestion of cytochrome c. The peptide fragments in digest solution were determined by using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Immobilized trypsin showed effective proteolytic activity in shorter time (15 min) than free trypsin (24 h). Hence, immobilized trypsin on the polyvinyl alcohol coated magnetic nanoparticles could be promising biocatalyst for large-scale proteomics studies and practical applications.
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Oktay B, Demir S, Kayaman‐Apohan N. Preparation of a Poly(ethylene glycol)‐Based Cross‐Linked Network from a Click Reaction for Enzyme Immobilization. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Oktay
- Marmara UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, 34722 Göztepe-Istanbul Turkey
| | - Serap Demir
- Marmara UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, 34722 Göztepe-Istanbul Turkey
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Almulaiky YQ, Aqlan FM, Aldhahri M, Baeshen M, Khan TJ, Khan KA, Afifi M, AL-Farga A, Warsi MK, Alkhaled M, Alayafi AAM. α-Amylase immobilization on amidoximated acrylic microfibres activated by cyanuric chloride. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:172164. [PMID: 30564380 PMCID: PMC6281920 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.172164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization is one of the most important techniques for industrial applications. It makes the immobilized enzyme more stable and advantageous than the free form in different aspects. α-Amylase was immobilized on 4% cyanuric chloride-activated amidoximated acrylic fabric at pH 7.0 with (79%) maximum efficiency. A field emission scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared were used to confirm the immobilization process. Even after being recycled 10 times, the immobilized enzyme lost just 28% of its initial activity. Owing to immobilization, the pH of the soluble α-amylase was shifted from 6.0 to 6.5. The immobilized α-amylases showed thermal stability at 60°C, and became more resistant to heavy metal ions. The k m values of the immobilized and soluble α-amylases were 9.6 and 3.8 mg starch ml-1, respectively. In conclusion, this method shows that the immobilized α-amylase proved to be more efficient than its soluble form, and hence could be used during saccharification of starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaaser Q. Almulaiky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
- Author for correspondence: Yaaser Q. Almulaiky e-mail:
| | - Faisal M. Aqlan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musab Aldhahri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Baeshen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Jamal Khan
- Stem Cell P2 Laboratory, The Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Khalid A. Khan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Afifi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Ammar AL-Farga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohiuddin Khan Warsi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alkhaled
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha A. M. Alayafi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Cui J, Li L, Kou L, Rong H, Li B, Zhang X. Comparing Immobilized Cellulase Activity in a Magnetic Three-Phase Fluidized Bed Reactor under Three Types of Magnetic Field. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cui
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, College Road 1, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Lingmei Kou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hui Rong
- Guangzhou Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau of the People’s Republic of China, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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15
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Milani ZM, Jalal R, Goharshadi EK. Carbodiimide for Covalent α-Amylase Immobilization onto Magnetic Nanoparticles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x17500156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Covalent cross-linking of enzymes to magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNPs) is one of the useful enzyme immobilization methods which provides repeated use of the catalyst, facilitates enzyme separation from the reaction mixture, and sometimes improves biocatalysts stability. The aim of this study was to immobilize [Formula: see text]-amylase onto MNPs via covalent attachment using carbodiimide (CDI) molecules. MNPs were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The size and the structure of the particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of different operational conditions of direct [Formula: see text]-amylase binding on MNPs in the presence of CDI were investigated by using the shaking method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the success of immobilization. The optimum conditions and catalytic properties of immobilized [Formula: see text]-amylase were also evaluated. The efficiency of immobilization and the residual activity of the immobilized [Formula: see text]-amylase were dependent on the mass ratio of MNPs: CDI: [Formula: see text]-amylase and the immobilization temperature. The optimum pH for the free and immobilized amylase was 6. The free and immobilized [Formula: see text]-amylase showed maximum activity at 20[Formula: see text]C and 35[Formula: see text]C, respectively. The immobilized [Formula: see text]-amylase was more thermostable than the free one. The retained activity for free [Formula: see text]-amylase after 19 storage days was 57.7% whereas it was 100% for the immobilized [Formula: see text]-amylase. In repeated batch experiments, the immobilized [Formula: see text]-amylase retained a residual activity of 45% after 11 repeated uses. The [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] values for the immobilized enzyme were larger than those of the free enzyme. The immobilization of [Formula: see text]-amylase on MNPs using CDI improves its stability and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Razieh Jalal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Cell and Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elaheh K. Goharshadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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Gong W, Ran Z, Ye F, Zhao G. Lignin from bamboo shoot shells as an activator and novel immobilizing support for α-amylase. Food Chem 2017; 228:455-462. [PMID: 28317749 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the feasibility of α-amylase activation and immobilization, using lignin from bamboo shoot shells (BSS). Our results demonstrated that BSS lignin is an excellent α-amylase activator and it elevated α-amylase activity more than two-fold at a concentration of 5mg/ml. For immobilization of α-amylase via adsorption, BSS lignin was incubated in an α-amylase solution (5mg/ml) for 20min, and the maximum specific activity, amount of loaded protein and activity recovery were 92.4U/mg, 19.0mg/g and 111%, respectively. In contrast to its free counterpart, immobilized α-amylase improved the catalytic efficiency and storage stability, under comparable working conditions (temperature and pH). Regarding its convenient usage, immobilized enzyme can be suspended in advance, but a suspension incubated at 60°C should be used within 30min. The residual activity after 14 re-uses remained at a reasonable level (53.2%). In conclusion, this study reveals a novel support for enzyme immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Gong
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; Normal College of Jishou University, Jishou 416000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanxiang Ran
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Fayin Ye
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; Chongqing Engineering Research Centre of Regional Foods, Chongqing 400716, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Zhang DH, Chen N, Yang MN, Dou YF, Sun J, Liu YD, Zhi GY. Effects of different spacer arms on Cibacron Blue modification and protein affinity adsorption on magnetic microspheres. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Erol K, Köse K. Efficient polymeric material for separation of human hemoglobin. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:39-45. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1233112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Erol
- Department of Property Protection and Safety, Osmancık Ömer Derindere Vocational Higher School, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Kazım Köse
- Scientific Technical Research and Application Center, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
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19
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Kahar UM, Sani MH, Chan KG, Goh KM. Immobilization of α-Amylase from Anoxybacillus sp. SK3-4 on ReliZyme and Immobead Supports. Molecules 2016; 21:E1196. [PMID: 27618002 PMCID: PMC6273902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Amylase from Anoxybacillus sp. SK3-4 (ASKA) is a thermostable enzyme that produces a high level of maltose from starches. A truncated ASKA (TASKA) variant with improved expression and purification efficiency was characterized in an earlier study. In this work, TASKA was purified and immobilized through covalent attachment on three epoxide (ReliZyme EP403/M, Immobead IB-150P, and Immobead IB-150A) and an amino-epoxide (ReliZyme HFA403/M) activated supports. Several parameters affecting immobilization were analyzed, including the pH, temperature, and quantity (mg) of enzyme added per gram of support. The influence of the carrier surface properties, pore sizes, and lengths of spacer arms (functional groups) on biocatalyst performances were studied. Free and immobilized TASKAs were stable at pH 6.0-9.0 and active at pH 8.0. The enzyme showed optimal activity and considerable stability at 60 °C. Immobilized TASKA retained 50% of its initial activity after 5-12 cycles of reuse. Upon degradation of starches and amylose, only immobilized TASKA on ReliZyme HFA403/M has comparable hydrolytic ability with the free enzyme. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an immobilization study of an α-amylase from Anoxybacillus spp. and the first report of α-amylase immobilization using ReliZyme and Immobeads as supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummirul Mukminin Kahar
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Helmi Sani
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Kian Mau Goh
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
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20
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Pereira SE, Fernandes KF, Ulhoa CJ. Immobilization ofCryptococcus flavusα-amylase on glass tubes and its application in starch hydrolysis. STARCH-STARKE 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201600189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sueli Essado Pereira
- PontifíciaUniversidadeCatólica de Goiás; Pontifícia Pró-reitoria de Graduação; Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | | | - Cirano José Ulhoa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia Goiás Brazil
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21
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Immobilization of Glycoside Hydrolase Families GH1, GH13, and GH70: State of the Art and Perspectives. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081074. [PMID: 27548117 PMCID: PMC6274110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolases (GH) are enzymes capable to hydrolyze the glycosidic bond between two carbohydrates or even between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. Because of the increasing interest for industrial applications of these enzymes, the immobilization of GH has become an important development in order to improve its activity, stability, as well as the possibility of its reuse in batch reactions and in continuous processes. In this review, we focus on the broad aspects of immobilization of enzymes from the specific GH families. A brief introduction on methods of enzyme immobilization is presented, discussing some advantages and drawbacks of this technology. We then review the state of the art of enzyme immobilization of families GH1, GH13, and GH70, with special attention on the enzymes β-glucosidase, α-amylase, cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase, and dextransucrase. In each case, the immobilization protocols are evaluated considering their positive and negative aspects. Finally, the perspectives on new immobilization methods are briefly presented.
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22
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Konovalova V, Guzikevich K, Burban A, Kujawski W, Jarzynka K, Kujawa J. Enhanced starch hydrolysis using α-amylase immobilized on cellulose ultrafiltration affinity membrane. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 152:710-717. [PMID: 27516322 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In order to prepare ultrafiltration membranes possessing biocatalytic properties, α-amylase has been immobilized on cellulose membranes. Enzyme immobilization was based on a covalent bonding between chitosan and a surface of cellulose membrane, followed by an attachment of Cibacron Blue F3G-A dye as affinity ligand. Various factors affecting the immobilization process, such as enzyme concentration, pH of modifying solution, zeta-potential of membrane surface, and stability of immobilized enzyme were studied. The applicability of immobilized α-amylase has been investigated in ultrafiltration processes. The immobilization of α-amylase on membrane surface allows to increase the value of mass transfer coefficient and to decrease the concentration polarization effect during ultrafiltration of starch solutions. The enzyme layer on the membrane surface prevents a rapid increase of starch concentration due to the amylase hydrolysis of starch in the boundary layer. The presented affinity immobilization technique allows also for the regeneration of membranes from inactivated enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia Konovalova
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 Skovoroda Street, 04070 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Guzikevich
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 Skovoroda Street, 04070 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Anatoliy Burban
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 Skovoroda Street, 04070 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Wojciech Kujawski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Chemistry, 7 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Karolina Jarzynka
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 11 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Joanna Kujawa
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Chemistry, 7 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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23
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Akhond M, Pashangeh K, Karbalaei-Heidari HR, Absalan G. Efficient Immobilization of Porcine Pancreatic α-Amylase on Amino-Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles: Characterization and Stability Evaluation of the Immobilized Enzyme. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:954-968. [PMID: 27240662 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The potential of the modified magnetic nanoparticles for covalent immobilization of porcine pancreatic α-amylase has been investigated. The synthesis and immobilization processes were simple and fast. The co-precipitation method was used for synthesis of magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) which were subsequently coated with silica through sol-gel reaction. The amino-functionalized NPs were prepared by treating silica-coated NPs with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane followed by covalent immobilization of α-amylase by glutaraldehyde. The optimum enzyme concentration and incubation time for immobilization reaction were 150 mg and 4 h, respectively. Upon this immobilization, the α-amylase retained more than 50 % of its initial specific activity. The optimum pH for maximal catalytic activity of the immobilized enzyme was 6.5 at 45 °C. The kinetic studies on the immobilized enzyme and its free counterpart revealed an acceptable change of Km and Vmax. The Km values were found as 4 and 2.5 mM for free and immobilized enzymes, respectively. The Vmax values for the free and immobilized enzymes were calculated as 1.75 and 1.03 μmol mg-1 min-1, in order, when starch was used as the substrate. A quick separation of immobilized amylase from reaction mixture was achieved when a magnetically active support was applied. In comparison to the free enzyme, the immobilized enzyme was thermally stable and was reusable for 9 cycles while retaining 68 % of its initial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akhond
- Professor Massoumi Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran
| | - Kh Pashangeh
- Professor Massoumi Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran
| | | | - G Absalan
- Professor Massoumi Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran.
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24
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Eslamipour F, Hejazi P. Evaluating effective factors on the activity and loading of immobilized α-amylase onto magnetic nanoparticles using a response surface-desirability approach. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26140f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of different operational conditions of α-amylase covalent immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles were investigated using a central composite design.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Eslamipour
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - P. Hejazi
- Biotechnology Research Laboratory
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
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25
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Oktay B, Demir S, Kayaman-Apohan N. Immobilization of α-amylase onto poly(glycidyl methacrylate) grafted electrospun fibers by ATRP. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 50:386-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 120:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Mohamed SA, Khan JA, Al-Bar OAM, El-Shishtawy RM. Immobilization of Trichoderma harzianum α-amylase on treated wool: optimization and characterization. Molecules 2014; 19:8027-38. [PMID: 24932573 PMCID: PMC6270896 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19068027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Amylase from Trichoderma harzianum was covalently immobilized on activated wool by cyanuric chloride. Immobilized α-amylase exhibited 75% of its initial activity after 10 runs. The soluble and immobilized α-amylases exhibited maximum activity at pH values 6.0 and 6.5, respectively. The immobilized enzyme was more thermally stable than the soluble one. Various substrates were hydrolyzed by immobilized α-amylase with high efficiencies compared to those of soluble α-amylase. The inhibition of the immobilized α-amylase by metal ions was low as compared with soluble enzyme. On the basis of the results obtained, immobilized α-amylase could be employed in the saccharification of starch processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jalaluddin A Khan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Omar A M Al-Bar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reda M El-Shishtawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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28
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Rodriguez J, Soria F, Geronazzo H, Destefanis H. α-Amylase Aspergillus oryzae Immobilized on Modified Expanded Perlite. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2013-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The α-amylase from Aspergillus oryzae was immobilized covalently onto expanded perlite (EP) and modified EP by treatment with TiO2 (EP-TiO2), dye HE3B (EP-HE3B) polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-hydrazide (EP-PET) and magnetite (EP-magnetite). The modified EP was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The supports were functionalized with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and glutaraldehyde (GA). The optimum pH for free and immobilized α-amylase was 5.5. Temperature of maximum activity for free enzyme and immobilized enzyme on EP-HE3B was 50°C. The immobilized enzyme in EP-APTES this value was 55°C. The immobilized α-amylase in EP-APTES and EP-HE3B-APTES exhibited better thermostability than free enzyme. The immobilized derivatives showed moderate operational stability by retaining 50% of initial activity after seven successive reuses.
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29
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Baysal Z, Bulut Y, Yavuz M, Aytekin Ç. Immobilization of α-amylase via adsorption onto bentonite/chitosan composite: Determination of equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters. STARCH-STARKE 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201300133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zübeyde Baysal
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Dicle University; Diyarbakır Turkey
| | - Yasemin Bulut
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Dicle University; Diyarbakır Turkey
| | - Murat Yavuz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Dicle University; Diyarbakır Turkey
| | - Çetin Aytekin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Dicle University; Diyarbakır Turkey
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30
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Wu Z, Qi W, Wang M, Wang Y, Su R, He Z. Chelate immobilization of amylase on metal ceramic powder: Preparation, characterization and application. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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31
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Immobilization of α-Amylase onto Luffa operculata Fibers. Enzyme Res 2013; 2013:803415. [PMID: 23606948 PMCID: PMC3626310 DOI: 10.1155/2013/803415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A commercial amylase (amy) was immobilized by adsorption onto Luffa operculata fibers (LOFs). The derivative LOF-amy presented capacity to hydrolyze starch continuously and repeatedly for over three weeks, preserving more than 80% of the initial activity. This system hydrolyzed more than 97% of starch during 5 min, at room temperature. LOF-amy was capable to hydrolyze starch from different sources, such as maize (93.96%), wheat (85.24%), and cassava (79.03%). A semi-industrial scale reactor containing LOF-amy was prepared and showed the same yield of the laboratory-scale system. After five cycles of reuse, the LOF-amy reactor preserved over 80% of the initial amylase activity. Additionally, the LOF-amy was capable to operate as a kitchen grease trap component in a real situation during 30 days, preserving 30% of their initial amylase activity.
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32
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Contesini FJ, de Alencar Figueira J, Kawaguti HY, de Barros Fernandes PC, de Oliveira Carvalho P, Nascimento MDG, Sato HH. Potential applications of carbohydrases immobilization in the food industry. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:1335-69. [PMID: 23344046 PMCID: PMC3565324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrases find a wide application in industrial processes and products, mainly in the food industry. With these enzymes, it is possible to obtain different types of sugar syrups (viz. glucose, fructose and inverted sugar syrups), prebiotics (viz. galactooligossacharides and fructooligossacharides) and isomaltulose, which is an interesting sweetener substitute for sucrose to improve the sensory properties of juices and wines and to reduce lactose in milk. The most important carbohydrases to accomplish these goals are of microbial origin and include amylases (α-amylases and glucoamylases), invertases, inulinases, galactosidases, glucosidases, fructosyltransferases, pectinases and glucosyltransferases. Yet, for all these processes to be cost-effective for industrial application, a very efficient, simple and cheap immobilization technique is required. Immobilization techniques can involve adsorption, entrapment or covalent bonding of the enzyme into an insoluble support, or carrier-free methods, usually based on the formation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). They include a broad variety of supports, such as magnetic materials, gums, gels, synthetic polymers and ionic resins. All these techniques present advantages and disadvantages and several parameters must be considered. In this work, the most recent and important studies on the immobilization of carbohydrases with potential application in the food industry are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Jares Contesini
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science, College of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862, P.O. Box 6121, Campinas, SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (J.A.F.); (H.Y.K.); (H.H.S.)
| | - Joelise de Alencar Figueira
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science, College of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862, P.O. Box 6121, Campinas, SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (J.A.F.); (H.Y.K.); (H.H.S.)
| | - Haroldo Yukio Kawaguti
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science, College of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862, P.O. Box 6121, Campinas, SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (J.A.F.); (H.Y.K.); (H.H.S.)
| | | | - Patrícia de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, University São Francisco, São Francisco de Assis Av, 218, 12916-900, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Maria da Graça Nascimento
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Hélia Harumi Sato
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Department of Food Science, College of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, 80, 13083-862, P.O. Box 6121, Campinas, SP, Brazil; E-Mails: (J.A.F.); (H.Y.K.); (H.H.S.)
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