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Ma G, Chong W, Qi Y, Lu Z, Zhang Z, Nian B, Hu Y. Can vitamin E ester derivatives be excellent alternatives of vitamin E: state of art. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1695-1709. [PMID: 37555945 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02918-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) is a natural antioxidant which is widely used in the food fields, while the shortcomings of easy oxidative inactivation and poor water solubility limit its application. Vitamin E esters' (VEEs) derivatives, such as vitamin E acetate (VEA), are more stable and easier to be absorbed while have similar biological activities and physiological functions compared with VE. In this systematic review, the digestion, absorption and physiological function of VEEs were summarized. To promote their further industrial applications, the synthesis strategies of VEEs were also summarized in-depth. In particular, as a new generation of green solvents, ionic liquids (ILs) have been widely used in enzymatic reactions due to the stabilization and activation of enzymes. Their applications in enzymatic synthesis of VEEs were summarized and discussed. Finally, several future perspectives for developing more efficiency strategies of VEEs synthesis, such as enzyme engineering and design of novel ILs, were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenya Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Li P, Mei J, Xie J. The regulation of carbon dioxide on food microorganisms: A review. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113170. [PMID: 37689923 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a survey of two extremely important technologies about CO2 with the effectiveness of controlling microorganisms - atmospheric pressure CO2-based modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and high pressure CO2 non-thermal pasteurization (HPCD). CO2-based MAP is effectively in delaying the lag and logarithmic phases of microorganisms by replacing the surrounding air, while HPCD achieved sterilization by subjecting food to either subcritical or supercritical CO2 for some time in a continuous, batch or semi-batch way. In addition to the advantages of healthy, eco-friendly, quality-preserving, effective characteristic, some challenges such as the high drip loss and packaging collapse associated with higher concentration of CO2, the fuzzy mechanisms of oxidative stress, the unproven specific metabolic pathways and biomarkers, etc., in CO2-based MAP, and the unavoidable extraction of bioactive compounds, the challenging application in solid foods with higher efficiency, the difficult balance between optimal sterilization and optimal food quality, etc., in HPCD still need more efforts to overcome. The action mechanism of CO2 on microorganisms, researches in recent years, problems and future perspectives are summarized. When dissolved in solution medium or cellular fluids, CO2 can form carbonic acid (H2CO3), and H2CO3 can further dissociate into bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), carbonate (CO32-) and hydrogen cations (H+) ionic species following series equilibria. The action mode of CO2 on microorganisms may be relevant to changes in intracellular pH, alteration of proteins, enzyme structure and function, alteration of cell membrane function and fluidity, and so on. Nevertheless, the effects of CO2 on microbial biofilms, energy metabolism, protein and gene expression also need to be explored more extensively and deeply to further understand the action mechanism of CO2 on microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyun Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jun Mei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Food Science and Engineering Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation, Shanghai 201306, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Ministry of Education, Dalian 116034, China.
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Feiten MC, Morigi I, Di Luccio M, Oliveira JV. Activity and stability of lipase from Candida Antarctica after treatment in pressurized fluids. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:287-298. [PMID: 36592260 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CalB) is one of the biocatalysts most used in organic synthesis due to its ability to act in several medium, wide substrate specificity and enantioselectivity, tolerance to non-aqueous environment, and resistance to thermal deactivation. Thus, the objective of this work was to treat CalB in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and measure its activity before and after high-pressure treatment. Residual specific hydrolytic activities of 132% and 142% were observed when CalB was exposed to SC-CO2 at 35 ℃, 75 bar and 1 h and to LPG at 65 ℃, 30 bar and 1 h, respectively. Residual activity of the enzyme treated at high pressure was still above 100% until the 20th day of storage at low temperatures. There was no difference on the residual activity loss of CalB treated with LPG and stored at different temperatures over time. Greater difference was observed between CalB treated with CO2 and flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen (- 196 ℃) followed by storage in freezer (- 10 ℃) and CalB stored in freezer at - 10 ℃. Such findings encourage deeper studies on CalB as well as other enzymes behavior under different types of pressurized fluids aiming at industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Cristina Feiten
- Department of Technology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Angelo Moreira da Fonseca Ave, Umuarama, Paraná, 87506-370, Brazil.
| | - Iasmin Morigi
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Technology Center/C.P. 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Di Luccio
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Technology Center/C.P. 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - José Vladimir Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Technology Center/C.P. 476, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
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Altering the Stereoselectivity of Whole-Cell Biotransformations via the Physicochemical Parameters Impacting the Processes. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11070781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of organic compounds is one of the great challenges in organic synthetic chemistry due to its importance for the acquisition of biologically active derivatives, e.g., pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and others. This is why biological systems are increasingly applied as tools for chiral compounds synthesis or modification. The use of whole cells of “wild-type” microorganisms is one possible approach, especially as some methods allow improving the conversion degrees and controlling the stereoselectivity of the reaction without the need to introduce changes at the genetic level. Simple manipulation of the culture conditions, the form of a biocatalyst, or the appropriate composition of the biotransformation medium makes it possible to obtain optically pure products in a cheap, safe, and environmentally friendly manner. This review contains selected examples of the influence of physicochemical factors on the stereochemistry of the biocatalytic preparation of enantiomerically pure compounds, which is undertaken through kinetically controlled separation of their racemic mixtures or reduction of prochiral ketones and has an effect on the final enantiomeric purity and enantioselectivity of the reaction.
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Li H, Wu H, Yu Z, Zhang H, Yang S. CO 2 -Enabled Biomass Fractionation/Depolymerization: A Highly Versatile Pre-Step for Downstream Processing. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:3565-3582. [PMID: 32285649 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is inevitably subject to fractionation and depolymerization processes for enhanced selectivity toward specific products, in most cases prior to catalytic upgrading of the three main fractions-cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Among the developed pretreatment techniques, CO2 -assisted biomass processing exhibits some unique advantages such as the lowest critical temperature (31.0 °C) with moderate critical pressure, low cost, nontoxicity, nonflammability, ready availability, and the addition of acidity, alongside easy recovery by pressure release. This Review showcases progress in the study of sub- or supercritical CO2 -mediated thermal processing of lignocellulosic biomass-the key pre-step for downstream conversion processes. The auxo-action of CO2 in biomass pretreatment and fractionation, along with the involved variables, direct degradation of untreated biomass in CO2 by gasification, pyrolysis, and liquefaction with relevant conversion mechanisms, and CO2 -enabled depolymerization of lignocellulosic fractions with representative reaction pathways are summarized. Moreover, future prospects for the practical application of CO2 -assisted up- and downstream biomass-to-bioproduct conversion are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
| | - Hongguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
| | - Zhaozhuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
| | - Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
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Yu T, Chen Y. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on environmental microbes and its mechanisms: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:865-879. [PMID: 30481713 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Before the industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration was 180-330 ppm; however, fossil-fuel combustion and forest destruction have led to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. CO2 capture and storage is regarded as a promising strategy to prevent global warming and ocean acidification and to alleviate elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, but the leakage of CO2 from storage system can lead to rapid acidification of the surrounding circumstance, which might cause negative influence on environmental microbes. The effects of elevated CO2 on microbes have been reported extensively, but the review regarding CO2 affecting different environmental microorganisms has never been done previously. Also, the mechanisms of CO2 affecting environmental microorganisms are usually contributed to the change of pH values, while the direct influences of CO2 on microorganisms were often neglected. This paper aimed to provide a systematic review of elevated CO2 affecting environmental microbes and its mechanisms. Firstly, the influences of elevated CO2 and potential leakage of CO2 from storage sites on community structures and diversity of different surrounding environmental microbes were assessed and compared. Secondly, the adverse impacts of CO2 on microbial growth, cell morphology and membranes, bacterial spores, and microbial metabolism were introduced. Then, based on biochemical principles and knowledge of microbiology and molecular biology, the fundamental mechanisms of the influences of carbon dioxide on environmental microbes were discussed from the aspects of enzyme activity, electron generation and transfer, and key gene and protein expressions. Finally, key questions relevant to the environmental effect of CO2 that need to be answered in the future were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Feiten MC, Di Luccio M, Santos KF, de Oliveira D, Oliveira JV. X-Ray Crystallography as a Tool to Determine Three-Dimensional Structures of Commercial Enzymes Subjected to Treatment in Pressurized Fluids. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 182:429-451. [PMID: 27900555 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The study of enzyme function often involves a multi-disciplinary approach. Several techniques are documented in the literature towards determining secondary and tertiary structures of enzymes, and X-ray crystallography is the most explored technique for obtaining three-dimensional structures of proteins. Knowledge of three-dimensional structures is essential to understand reaction mechanisms at the atomic level. Additionally, structures can be used to modulate or improve functional activity of enzymes by the production of small molecules that act as substrates/cofactors or by engineering selected mutants with enhanced biological activity. This paper presentes a short overview on how to streamline sample preparation for crystallographic studies of treated enzymes. We additionally revise recent developments on the effects of pressurized fluid treatment on activity and stability of commercial enzymes. Future directions and perspectives on the the role of crystallography as a tool to access the molecular mechanisms underlying enzymatic activity modulation upon treatment in pressurized fluids are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Cristina Feiten
- EQA/UFSC, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Di Luccio
- EQA/UFSC, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88040-900, Brazil
| | | | - Débora de Oliveira
- EQA/UFSC, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88040-900, Brazil
| | - J Vladimir Oliveira
- EQA/UFSC, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, C.P. 476, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88040-900, Brazil.
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Enzymatic Hydrolytic Resolution of Racemic Ibuprofen Ethyl Ester Using an Ionic Liquid as Cosolvent. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070905. [PMID: 27420042 PMCID: PMC6274346 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an ionic liquid (IL) system for the enzymatic resolution of racemic ibuprofen ethyl ester to produce (S)-ibuprofen. Nineteen ILs were selected for use in buffer systems to investigate the effects of ILs as cosolvents for the production of (S)-ibuprofen using thermostable esterase (EST10) from Thermotoga maritima. Analysis of the catalytic efficiency and conformation of EST10 showed that [OmPy][BF₄] was the best medium for the EST10-catalyzed production of (S)-ibuprofen. The maximum degree of conversion degree (47.4%), enantiomeric excess of (S)-ibuprofen (96.6%) and enantiomeric ratio of EST10 (177.0) were achieved with an EST10 concentration of 15 mg/mL, racemic ibuprofen ethyl ester concentration of 150 mM, at 75 °C , with a reaction time of 10 h. The reaction time needed to achieve the highest yield of (S)-ibuprofen was decreased from 24 h to 10 h. These results are relevant to the proposed application of ILs as solvents for the EST10-catalyzed production of (S)-ibuprofen.
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Wei T, Jia W, Yu X, Mao D. Enhancement of enzymatic synthesis of sucrose 6-acetate with Aspergillus oryzae fructosyltransferase using ionic liquid as a cosolvent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Huang S, Li X, Xu L, Ke C, Zhang R, Yan Y. Protein-Coated Microcrystals from Candida rugosa Lipase: Its Immobilization, Characterization, and Application in Resolution of Racemic Ibuprofen. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 177:36-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1725-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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The use of organic solvents/ionic liquids mixtures in reactions catalyzed by lipase from Burkholderia cepacia immobilized in different supports. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Enzymatic activity and conformational and morphological studies of four commercial lipases treated with supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li X, Huang S, Xu L, Yan Y. Conformation and catalytic properties studies of Candida rugosa Lip7 via enantioselective esterification of ibuprofen in organic solvents and ionic liquids. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:364730. [PMID: 24381516 PMCID: PMC3871911 DOI: 10.1155/2013/364730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective esterification of ibuprofen was conducted to evaluate the enzyme activity and ees of lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL7) in ten conventional organic solvents and three ionic liquids. Different alcohols were tested for selecting the most suitable acyl acceptor due to the fact that the structure of alcohols (branch and length of carbon chains; location of -OH functional group) could affect the enzyme activity and ees. The results of alcohol and solvent selection revealed that 1-isooctanol and isooctane were the best substrate and reaction medium, respectively, because of the highest enzyme activity and ees. Compared with the control, conformational studies via FT-IR indicate that the variations of CRL7's secondary structure elements are probably responsible for the differences of enzyme activity and ees in the organic solvents and ionic liquids. Moreover, the effects of reaction parameters, such as molar ratio, water content, temperature, and reaction time, in the selected reaction medium, were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuangshuang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yunjun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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