1
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Conversion of Enantiomers during the Separation of Acetoin from Fermentation Broth. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8070312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Acetoin (AC) is an important platform compound with two enantiomers (R)-AC and (S)-AC. Due to its unique spatial structure, optically pure AC has particularly high application in asymmetric synthesis. Highly optically pure AC could be produced from glucose using biofermentation technology. In this paper, we have observed that the recovered AC product from the fermentation broth containing (R)-AC was a racemic mixture. The changes of the enantiomeric excess (e.e.) of (R)-AC enantiomers in the feed solution during the recovery process were then investigated, confirming that the racemization occurs during solvent distillation. Further studies showed that high temperature is the main factor affecting the conversion of the two enantiomers, while low temperature significantly prevents this conversion reaction. Therefore, we optimized the solvent recovery process and used vacuum distillation to reduce the distillation process temperature, which effectively prevented the racemization: obtains AC products with more than 98% purity and successfully maintained the proportion of (R)-AC above 96%. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the factors affecting the enantiomeric purity in the downstream extraction process of AC production by fermentation.
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2
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Meng W, Ma C, Xu P, Gao C. Biotechnological production of chiral acetoin. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:958-973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Abstract
The growing need for industrial production of bio-based acetoin and 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) is due to both environmental concerns, and their widespread use in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. Acetoin is a common spice added to many foods, but also a valuable reagent in many chemical syntheses. Similarly, 2,3-BD is an indispensable chemical on the platform in the production of synthetic rubber, printing inks, perfumes, antifreeze, and fuel additives. This state-of-the-art review focuses on representatives of the genus Bacillus as prospective producers of acetoin and 2,3-BD. They have the following important advantages: non-pathogenic nature, unpretentiousness to growing conditions, and the ability to utilize a huge number of substrates (glucose, sucrose, starch, cellulose, and inulin hydrolysates), sugars from the composition of lignocellulose (cellobiose, mannose, galactose, xylose, and arabinose), as well as waste glycerol. In addition, these strains can be improved by genetic engineering, and are amenable to process optimization. Bacillus spp. are among the best acetoin producers. They also synthesize 2,3-BD in titer and yield comparable to those of the pathogenic producers. However, Bacillus spp. show relatively lower productivity, which can be increased in the course of challenging future research.
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4
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Cui Z, Wang Z, Zheng M, Chen T. Advances in biological production of acetoin: a comprehensive overview. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:1135-1156. [PMID: 34806505 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1995319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acetoin, a high-value-added bio-based platform chemical, is widely used in foods, cosmetics, agriculture, and the chemical industry. It is an important precursor for the synthesis of: 2,3-butanediol, liquid hydrocarbon fuels and heterocyclic compounds. Since the fossil resources are becoming increasingly scarce, biological production of acetoin has received increasing attention as an alternative to chemical synthesis. Although there are excellent reviews on the: application, catabolism and fermentative production of acetoin, little attention has been paid to acetoin production via: electrode-assisted fermentation, whole-cell biocatalysis, and in vitro/cell-free biocatalysis. In this review, acetoin biosynthesis pathways and relevant key enzymes are firstly reviewed. In addition, various strategies for biological acetoin production are summarized including: cell-free biocatalysis, whole-cell biocatalysis, microbial fermentation, and electrode-assisted fermentation. The advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches are discussed and weighed, illustrating the increasing progress toward economical, green and efficient production of acetoin. Additionally, recent advances in acetoin extraction and recovery in downstream processing are also briefly reviewed. Moreover, the current issues and future prospects of diverse strategies for biological acetoin production are discussed, with the hope of realizing the promises of industrial acetoin biomanufacturing in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Cui
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
| | - Meiyu Zheng
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
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5
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Maina S, Prabhu AA, Vivek N, Vlysidis A, Koutinas A, Kumar V. Prospects on bio-based 2,3-butanediol and acetoin production: Recent progress and advances. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107783. [PMID: 34098005 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The bio-based platform chemicals 2,3-butanediol (BDO) and acetoin have various applications in chemical, cosmetics, food, agriculture, and pharmaceutical industries, whereas the derivatives of BDO could be used as fuel additives, polymer and synthetic rubber production. This review summarizes the novel technological developments in adapting genetic and metabolic engineering strategies for selection and construction of chassis strains for BDO and acetoin production. The valorization of renewable feedstocks and bioprocess development for the upstream and downstream stages of bio-based BDO and acetoin production are discussed. The techno-economic aspects evaluating the viability and industrial potential of bio-based BDO production are presented. The commercialization of bio-based BDO and acetoin production requires the utilization of crude renewable resources, the chassis strains with high fermentation production efficiencies and development of sustainable purification or conversion technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Maina
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Ashish A Prabhu
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Narisetty Vivek
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Anestis Vlysidis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolis Koutinas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK.
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6
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Muschallik L, Kipp CR, Recker I, Bongaerts J, Pohl M, Gellissen M, Schöning MJ, Selmer T, Siegert P. Synthesis of α-hydroxy ketones and vicinal diols with the Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 T butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase. J Biotechnol 2020; 324:61-70. [PMID: 32976868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of α-hydroxy ketones and vicinal diols is an intriguing field because of the broad applicability of these molecules. Although, butandiol dehydrogenases are known to play a key role in the production of 2,3-butandiol, their potential as biocatalysts is still not well studied. Here, we investigate the biocatalytic properties of the meso-butanediol dehydrogenase from Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13T (BlBDH). The encoding gene was cloned with an N-terminal StrepII-tag and recombinantly overexpressed in E. coli. BlBDH is highly active towards several non-physiological diketones and α-hydroxyketones with varying aliphatic chain lengths or even containing phenyl moieties. By adjusting the reaction parameters in biotransformations the formation of either the α-hydroxyketone intermediate or the diol can be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Muschallik
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Carina Ronja Kipp
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Inga Recker
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Johannes Bongaerts
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Martina Pohl
- IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Melanie Gellissen
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael J Schöning
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Selmer
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Petra Siegert
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, 52428, Jülich, Germany.
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7
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Peng K, Guo D, Lou Q, Lu X, Cheng J, Qiao J, Lu L, Cai T, Liu Y, Jiang H. Synthesis of Ligustrazine from Acetaldehyde by a Combined Biological-Chemical Approach. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:2902-2908. [PMID: 33156612 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ligustrazine is an important active alkaloid in medicine and in the food industry. Here, we developed a combined biological-chemical approach to produce ligustrazine from acetaldehyde. First, we constructed a whole-cell biocatalytic system to produce the precursor acetoin from acetaldehyde by overexpressing formolase (FLS). Second, a two-step strategy was developed to enhance protein expression of FLS by codon usage optimization at the first 14 codons and the introduction of an overlapping gene before the start codon. Through expression optimization and directed evolution of FLS, we improved the titer of acetoin about 40 fold when the concentration of acetaldehyde was 1.5 M. Finally, after reaction conditions optimization, the titer of acetoin and ligustrazine reached 222 g L-1 and 94 g L-1, with a 86.5% and 48% conversion rate from acetaldehyde, respectively. The developed one-pot synthesis for acetoin and ligustrazine is expected to be applied to industrial production in the future with the advantages of a green process, high efficiency, and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Peng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qianqian Lou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jing Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Lina Lu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Tao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yuwan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Huifeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
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8
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Phillips AMF, Pombeiro AJL. Electrochemical asymmetric synthesis of biologically active substances. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7026-7055. [PMID: 32909570 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01425g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Electrically driven oxidation and reduction reactions are well-established methods for synthesis even in the chemical industry, but asymmetric versions are still few. The mild conditions used, atom efficiency and low cost make these reactions a very attractive alternative to other methods of synthesis. Very fine tuning can be achieved based on minute changes in potentials, allowing only one functional group in a molecule to react in the presence of several others, which is ideal for applications in total synthesis. In this review, the literature in the field of asymmetric synthesis of biologically active substances over the last 10 years is surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Faisca Phillips
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
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9
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Liang YF, Yan LT, Yue Q, Zhao JK, Luo CY, Gao F, Li H, Gao WY. Preparation of a whole cell catalyst overexpressing acetohydroxyacid synthase of Thermotoga maritima and its application in the syntheses of α-hydroxyketones. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15404. [PMID: 32958806 PMCID: PMC7505981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72416-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The large catalytic subunit of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS, EC 2.2.1.6) of Thermotoga maritima (TmcAHAS) was prepared in this study. It possesses high specific activity and excellent stability. The protein and a whole cell catalyst overexpressing the protein were applied to the preparation of α-hydroxyketones including acetoin (AC), 3-hydroxy-2-pentanone (HP), and (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol (R-PAC). The results show that AC and HP could be produced in high yields (84% and 62%, respectively), while R-PAC could be synthesized in a high yield (about 78%) with an R/S ratio of 9:1. Therefore, TmcAHAS and the whole cell catalyst overexpressing the protein could be practically useful bio-catalysts in the preparation of α-hydroxyketones including AC, HP, and R-PAC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that bacterial AHAS was used as a catalyst to prepare HP with a good yield, and also the first time that TmcAHAS was employed to synthesize AC and R-PAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fei Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Le-Tian Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Kui Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Yun Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Yun Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Cui Z, Mao Y, Zhao Y, Zheng M, Wang Z, Ma H, Chen T. One-pot efficient biosynthesis of (3 R)-acetoin from pyruvate by a two-enzyme cascade. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01332c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Opening the possibility of sustainable industrial (3R)-acetoin biomanufacturing in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Cui
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- SynBio Research Platform
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
| | - Yufeng Mao
- Biodesign Center
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Tianjin 300308
| | - Yujiao Zhao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- SynBio Research Platform
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
| | - Meiyu Zheng
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- SynBio Research Platform
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- SynBio Research Platform
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
| | - Hongwu Ma
- Biodesign Center
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Tianjin 300308
| | - Tao Chen
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education)
- SynBio Research Platform
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
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11
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Gong FQ, Liu QS, Tan HD, Li T, Tan CY, Yin H. Cloning, expression and characterization of a novel (2R,3R) -2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from Bacillus thuringiensis. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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High production of optically pure (3R)-acetoin by a newly isolated marine strain of Bacillus subtilis CGMCC 13141. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 42:475-483. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Jia X, Kelly RM, Han Y. Simultaneous biosynthesis of ( R)-acetoin and ethylene glycol from D-xylose through in vitro metabolic engineering. Metab Eng Commun 2018; 7:e00074. [PMID: 30197863 PMCID: PMC6127078 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2018.e00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
(R)-acetoin is a four-carbon platform compound used as the precursor for synthesizing novel optically active materials. Ethylene glycol (EG) is a large-volume two-carbon commodity chemical used as the anti-freezing agent and building-block molecule for various polymers. Currently established microbial fermentation processes for converting monosaccharides to either (R)-acetoin or EG are plagued by the formation of undesirable by-products. We show here that a cell-free bioreaction scheme can generate enantiomerically pure acetoin and EG as co-products from biomass-derived D-xylose. The seven-step, ATP-free system included in situ cofactor regeneration and recruited enzymes from Escherichia coli W3110, Bacillus subtilis shaijiu 32 and Caulobacter crescentus CB 2. Optimized in vitro biocatalytic conditions generated 3.2 mM (R)-acetoin with stereoisomeric purity of 99.5% from 10 mM D-xylose at 30 °C and pH 7.5 after 24 h, with an initial (R)-acetoin productivity of 1.0 mM/h. Concomitantly, EG was produced at 5.5 mM, with an initial productivity of 1.7 mM/h. This in vitro biocatalytic platform illustrates the potential for production of multiple value-added biomolecules from biomass-based sugars with no ATP requirement.
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Key Words
- (R)-acetoin
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- Cofactor regeneration
- D-xylose
- EG, ethylene glycol
- EMP, Embden-Meyerhoff-Parnas
- Ethylene glycol
- FAD, flavin adenine dinucleotide
- GC, gas chromatography
- HPLC, high-pressure liquid chromatography
- IPTG, isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside
- In vitro metabolic engineering
- LB, lysogeny broth
- NAD+, oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NADH, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- PET, polyethylene terephthalate
- PP, pentose phosphate
- SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- ThDP, Thiamine diphosphate
- ee, enantiomeric excess
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Robert M. Kelly
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Yejun Han
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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14
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Jia X, Liu Y, Han Y. A thermophilic cell-free cascade enzymatic reaction for acetoin synthesis from pyruvate. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4333. [PMID: 28659601 PMCID: PMC5489476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone) is an important bio-based platform chemical with wide applications. In vitro enzyme catalysed synthesis exhibits great feasibility in the production of chemicals with high purity. In the present work, a synthetic pathway involving a two-step continuous reaction was constructed in vitro for acetoin production from pyruvate at improved temperature. Thermostable candidates, acetolactate synthase (coAHASL1 and coAHASL2 from Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis OL) and α-acetolactate decarboxylase (bsALDC from Bacillus subtilis IPE5-4) were cloned, heterologously expressed, and characterized. All the enzymes showed maximum activities at 65–70 °C and pH of 6.5. Enzyme kinetics analysis showed that coAHASL1 had a higher activity but lower affinity against pyruvate than that of coAHASL2. In addition, the activities of coAHASL1 and bsALDC were promoted by Mn2+ and NADPH. The cascade enzymatic reaction was optimized by using coAHASL1 and bsALDC based on their kinetic properties. Under optimal conditions, a maximum concentration of 3.36 ± 0.26 mM acetoin was produced from 10 mM pyruvate after reaction for 24 h at 65 °C. The productivity of acetoin was 0.14 mM h−1, and the yield was 67.80% compared with the theoretical value. The results confirmed the feasibility of synthesis of acetoin from pyruvate with a cell-free enzyme catalysed system at improved temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Yejun Han
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.
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15
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Vila C, Quintero L, Blay G, Muñoz MC, Pedro JR. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Hydroxyketones through a Friedel–Crafts Reaction of Naphthols and Activated Phenols with Aryl- and Alkylglyoxal Hydrates. Org Lett 2016; 18:5652-5655. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Vila
- Departament
de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, C/Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, E-46100 València, Spain
| | - Lucia Quintero
- Departament
de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, C/Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, E-46100 València, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Blay
- Departament
de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, C/Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, E-46100 València, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Muñoz
- Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camí de Vera, s/n, E-46022 València, Spain
| | - José R. Pedro
- Departament
de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, C/Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, E-46100 València, Spain
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16
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Tosstorff A, Kroner C, Opperman DJ, Hollmann F, Holtmann D. Towards electroenzymatic processes involving old yellow enzymes and mediated cofactor regeneration. Eng Life Sci 2016; 17:71-76. [PMID: 32624730 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Old yellow enzymes are able to catalyze asymmetric C=C reductions. A mediated electroenzymatic process to regenerate the NADPH in combination with an old yellow enzyme was investigated. Due to the fact that the overall process was affected by a broad set of parameters, a design of experiments (DoE) approach was chosen to identify suitable process conditions. Process conditions with high productivities of up to 2.27 mM/h in combination with approximately 90% electron transfer efficiency were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cora Kroner
- DECHEMA Research Institute Frankfurt Germany
| | - Diederik J Opperman
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology TU Delft Julianalaan BL Delft The Netherlands
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17
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Tosstorff A, Dennig A, Ruff AJ, Schwaneberg U, Sieber V, Mangold KM, Schrader J, Holtmann D. Mediated electron transfer with monooxygenases—Insight in interactions between reduced mediators and the co-substrate oxygen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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