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Madubuike H, Ferry N. Enhanced Activity and Stability of an Acetyl Xylan Esterase in Hydrophilic Alcohols through Site-Directed Mutagenesis. Molecules 2023; 28:7393. [PMID: 37959811 PMCID: PMC10647838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Current demands for the development of suitable biocatalysts showing high process performance is stimulated by the need to replace current chemical synthesis with cleaner alternatives. A drawback to the use of biocatalysts for unique applications is their low performance in industrial conditions. Hence, enzymes with improved performance are needed to achieve innovative and sustainable biocatalysis. In this study, we report the improved performance of an engineered acetyl xylan esterase (BaAXE) in a hydrophilic organic solvent. The structure of BaAXE was partitioned into a substrate-binding region and a solvent-affecting region. Using a rational design approach, charged residues were introduced at protein surfaces in the solvent-affecting region. Two sites present in the solvent-affecting region, A12D and Q143E, were selected for site-directed mutagenesis, which generated the mutants MUT12, MUT143 and MUT12-143. The mutants MUT12 and MUT143 reported lower Km (0.29 mM and 0.27 mM, respectively) compared to the wildtype (0.41 mM). The performance of the mutants in organic solvents was assessed after enzyme incubation in various strengths of alcohols. The mutants showed improved activity and stability compared to the wild type in low strengths of ethanol and methanol. However, the activity of MUT143 was lost in 40% methanol while MUT12 and MUT12-143 retained over 70% residual activity in this environment. Computational analysis links the improved performance of MUT12 and MUT12-143 to novel intermolecular interactions that are absent in MUT143. This work supports the rationale for protein engineering to augment the characteristics of wild-type proteins and provides more insight into the role of charged residues in conferring stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Madubuike
- School of Science Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK
| | - Natalie Ferry
- School of Science Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK
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Kikani B, Patel R, Thumar J, Bhatt H, Rathore DS, Koladiya GA, Singh SP. Solvent tolerant enzymes in extremophiles: Adaptations and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124051. [PMID: 36933597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-aqueous enzymology has always drawn attention due to the wide range of unique possibilities in biocatalysis. In general, the enzymes do not or insignificantly catalyze substrate in the presence of solvents. This is due to the interfering interactions of the solvents between enzyme and water molecules at the interface. Therefore, information about solvent-stable enzymes is scarce. Yet, solvent-stable enzymes prove quite valuable in the present day biotechnology. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrates in solvents synthesizes commercially valuable products, such as peptides, esters, and other transesterification products. Extremophiles, the most valuable yet not extensively explored candidates, can be an excellent source to investigate this avenue. Due to inherent structural attributes, many extremozymes can catalyze and maintain stability in organic solvents. In the present review, we aim to consolidate information about the solvent-stable enzymes from various extremophilic microorganisms. Further, it would be interesting to learn about the mechanism adapted by these microorganisms to sustain solvent stress. Various approaches to protein engineering are used to enhance catalytic flexibility and stability and broaden biocatalysis's prospects under non-aqueous conditions. It also describes strategies to achieve optimal immobilization with minimum inhibition of the catalysis. The proposed review would significantly aid our understanding of non-aqueous enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavtosh Kikani
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Department of Biological Sciences, P.D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa 388 421, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh Patel
- Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Jignasha Thumar
- Government Science College, Gandhinagar 382 016, Gujarat, India
| | - Hitarth Bhatt
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Atmiya University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Dalip Singh Rathore
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India; Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Gopi A Koladiya
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India.
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Yasar G, Gulhan UG, Guduk E, Aktas F. Screening, partial purification and characterization of the hyper-thermophilic lipase produced by a new isolate of Bacillus subtilis LP2. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2020.1751829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulhan Yasar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Elif Guduk
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin -Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Fatih Aktas
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
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Vasilescu C, Todea A, Nan A, Circu M, Turcu R, Benea IC, Peter F. Enzymatic synthesis of short-chain flavor esters from natural sources using tailored magnetic biocatalysts. Food Chem 2019; 296:1-8. [PMID: 31202292 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immobilized lipases are excellent biocatalysts for the enzymatic synthesis of short- and medium-chain fatty esters used as food flavor compounds. Herein a new approach for a magnetic core-shell biocatalyst by immobilization of Candida antarctica B lipase is reported, coating single-core magnetic nanoparticles with an organic shell, preferably poly(benzofurane-co-arylacetic acid), followed by the covalent attachment of the enzyme and embedment of the primary biocatalyst in a silica layer. Although covalent and sol-gel immobilization were efficient on their own, their combination can ensure additional operational stability through multi-point linkages. Moreover, silanes holding glycidoxy groups, which can also form covalent linkages, have been successfully used as precursors for the silica coating layer. The structural, magnetic and morphological characteristics were assessed by TEM, SEM-EDX, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The new biocatalysts demonstrated high catalytic efficiency in the solventless synthesis of isoamyl esters of natural carboxylic acids, also in multiple reaction cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Vasilescu
- Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Biocatalysis Group, C. Telbisz 6, 300001 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anamaria Todea
- Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Biocatalysis Group, C. Telbisz 6, 300001 Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Alexandrina Nan
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Monica Circu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica Turcu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana-Cristina Benea
- Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Biocatalysis Group, C. Telbisz 6, 300001 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Francisc Peter
- Politehnica University Timisoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Biocatalysis Group, C. Telbisz 6, 300001 Timisoara, Romania
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Mesbah NM. Covalent immobilization of a halophilic, alkalithermostable lipase LipR2 on Florisil® nanoparticles for production of alkyl levulinates. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 667:22-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Solvent stable microbial lipases: current understanding and biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 41:203-220. [PMID: 30535639 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-02633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review examines on our current understanding of microbial lipase solvent tolerance, with a specific focus on the molecular strategies employed to improve lipase stability in a non-aqueous environment. RESULTS It provides an overview of known solvent tolerant lipases and of approaches to improving solvent stability such as; enhancing stabilising interactions, modification of residue flexibility and surface charge alteration. It shows that judicious selection of lipase source supplemented by appropriate enzyme stabilisation, can lead to a wide application spectrum for lipases. CONCLUSION Organic solvent stable lipases are, and will continue to be, versatile and adaptable biocatalytic workhorses commonly employed for industrial applications in the food, pharmaceutical and green manufacturing industries.
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Nandu N, Salih Hizir M, Roberston NM, Ozturk B, Yigit MV. Masking the Peroxidase‐Like Activity of the Molybdenum Disulfide Nanozyme Enables Label‐Free Lipase Detection. Chembiochem 2018; 20:1861-1867. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Nandu
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Mustafa Salih Hizir
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Neil M. Roberston
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Birol Ozturk
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Morgan State University 1700 E. Cold Spring Ln. Baltimore MD 21251 USA
| | - Mehmet V. Yigit
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
- The RNA Institute University at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
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Sande D, Colen G, Dos Santos GF, Ferraz VP, Takahashi JA. Production of omega 3, 6, and 9 fatty acids from hydrolysis of vegetable oils and animal fat with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides lipase. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:537-545. [PMID: 30263778 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0249-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrolysis of vegetable oils (Olive, corn, peanut, sesame, flaxseed, soy, canola, garlic, sunflower, almond, castor bean oils) and beef marrow bone oil by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides lipase was studied. The enzyme was capable of generating free fatty acids from all oils tested. The higher hydrolytic activity of the enzyme was towards olive (18.0 IU) and soybean (17.8 IU) oils. The average percentage of essential fatty acids generated from hydrolysis of the oils was 32.92% of omega 9 (as oleic acid C18:1), 26.24% of omega 6 (linoleic C18:2), and 5.86% of omega 3 (such as α-linolenic acid C18:3). Comparison between chromatographic profile of the oils and its enzymatic hydrolysate showed a good equivalence, stressing the applicability of these vegetable substrates under the action of lipase from C. gloeosporioides produce essential fatty acids, being more efficient production of α-linolenic acid from flaxseed oil, linoleic acid from sunflower oil, and oleic acid from olive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Sande
- 1Department of Food, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil.,2Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Gecernir Colen
- 1Department of Food, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Gabriel Franco Dos Santos
- 2Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Vany Perpétua Ferraz
- 2Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Aparecida Takahashi
- 2Department of Chemistry, Exact Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
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Koutinas M, Yiangou C, Osório NM, Ioannou K, Canet A, Valero F, Ferreira-Dias S. Application of commercial and non-commercial immobilized lipases for biocatalytic production of ethyl lactate in organic solvents. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:496-503. [PMID: 28968571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the potential for enhancing the production of ethyl lactate (EL), a green solvent, through enzymatic esterification. Different solvents were compared as organic media for conversion of lactate and ethanol into EL, catalyzed by Novozym 435. Chloroform and hexane were the most effective in low acid concentrations (0.01-0.1M) exhibiting maximum EL yields of 88% and 75% respectively. The yield of EL improved as the solvent's LogP increased up to a value of 2. Non-commercial immobilized biocatalysts consisting heterologous Rhizopous oryzae (rROL) and Candida rugosa (CRL) lipases immobilized on hydrophobic supports were compared to commercial biocatalysts clarifying that Novozym 435 and Lipozyme RM IM could be efficiently applied. Operational stability tests were conducted using Novozym 435, which retained higher activity in chloroform as compared to hexane. Although non-commercial biocatalysts were not competitive in esterification, they exhibited significant activity towards hydrolysis constituting a valuable alternative to higher-cost options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Koutinas
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Chrystalleni Yiangou
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Natália M Osório
- Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro, Rua Américo da Silva Marinho, 2839-001 Lavradio, Portugal
| | - Katerina Ioannou
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Albert Canet
- Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Biològica i Ambiental (EE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Valero
- Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Biològica i Ambiental (EE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Suzana Ferreira-Dias
- Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, LEAF, Linking Landscape Environment, Agriculture and Food, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
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Li X, Xu H, Zhao G, Wu H, Yu Y, Lai F, Xiao X. Highly efficient synthesis of arbutin esters catalyzed by whole cells ofCandida parapsilosis. RSC Adv 2018; 8:10081-10088. [PMID: 35540808 PMCID: PMC9078728 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00595h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acylation modification of phenol glycosides is currently of great interest due to the improved bioavailability and multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
- School of Food Science and Engineering
| | - Haixia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
- School of Food Science and Engineering
| | - Guanglei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Hui Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Yigang Yu
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Furao Lai
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Xinglong Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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Safarik I, Pospiskova K, Baldikova E, Safarikova M. Development of advanced biorefinery concepts using magnetically responsive materials. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Corradini MCC, Gomes RAB, Luiz JHH, Mendes AA. Optimization of Enzymatic Synthesis of n-Propyl Acetate (Fruit Flavor Ester) – Effect of the Support on the Properties of Biocatalysts. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2016.1201658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaine H. H. Luiz
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Adriano A. Mendes
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
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