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Abstract
The excitement around the entry into the clinic of the first generation of p53-specific drugs has become muted as the hoped-for dramatic clinical responses have not yet been seen. However, these pioneer molecules have become exceptionally powerful tools in the analysis of the p53 pathway and, as a result, a whole spectrum of new interventions are being explored. These include entirely novel and innovative approaches to drug discovery, such as the use of exon-skipping antisense oligonucleotides and T-cell-receptor-based molecules. The extraordinary resources available to the p53 community in terms of reagents, models, and collaborative networks are generating breakthrough approaches to medicines for oncology and also for other diseases in which aberrant p53 signaling plays a role.
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Li J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. E3 ubiquitin ligase isolated by differential display regulates cervical cancer growth in vitro and in vivo via microRNA-143. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:676-682. [PMID: 27446260 PMCID: PMC4950831 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers worldwide. Aberrant expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase isolated by differential display (EDD) has been detected in various types of tumor and has been demonstrated to have an important role in carcinogenesis, tumor growth and drug resistance. However, the role of EDD in cervical cancer and its underlying molecular mechanisms remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of EDD in the tumorigenicity of cervical cancer. EDD expression levels were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting in SiHa, HeLa, CaSki, c-41 and c-33A cervical cancer cell lines and cervical cancer tissue specimens. A functional study was performed using cell proliferation, colony formation, cell apoptosis assays in vitro and tumor growth assays in vivo with EDD either overexpressed or silenced. In the present study, EDD expression levels were significantly upregulated in cervical cancer cell lines and tissue samples. EDD knockdown significantly inhibited colony formation, cell proliferation and tumor growth and accelerated cell apoptosis in the cervical cancer cell lines and tissue samples. Furthermore, microRNA (miR)-143 expression levels were low in cervical cancer tissue samples and were negatively correlated with EDD expression. miR-143 silencing eliminated the effect of EDD on cell proliferation, colony formation and cell apoptosis in the cervical cancer cells, which suggested that miR-143 is critical for EDD-mediated regulation of cervical cancer cell growth. The results of the present study indicated that EDD may promote cervical cancer growth in vivo and in vitro by targeting miR-143. In conclusion, EDD may have an oncogenic role in cervical cancer and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xinling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Yanshang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Gongli Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
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Zhu DW, Yuan YX, Qiao JK, Yu C, Yang X, Wang LZ, Zhang ZY, Zhong LP. Enhanced anticancer activity of a protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor on chemotherapy and radiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:773-80. [PMID: 25449438 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to eliminate more cancer cells by promoting them from quiescence into cell cycle or by changing their molecular events, leading them to be sensitive to radiation or chemotherapy. Protein phosphatase 2A plays an important role in many cellular functions and regulates various biological processes. It is unclear that LB1, which is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A, has enhanced anticancer activity on chemotherapy (cisplatin and 5-fluorourcil) and radiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Herein, we performed both in vitro and in vivo studies to determine the anticancer activity of LB1 on chemotherapy and radiation in HNSCC, with detection of p53 expression, AKT and MDM2 phosphorylation. In vitro studies indicated that, LB1 could significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of cisplatin, 5-fluorourcil, and radiation; LB1 could also significantly enhance the treatment effect of cisplatin in nude mice. The anticancer activity of LB1 was mediated by increased AKT phosphorylation and decreased p53 expression with increased MDM2 phosphorylation, especially when combined with cisplatin. Our data suggest a strategy of improving treatment effect through the enhanced anticancer activity of LB1 on cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radiation in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-wang Zhu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-xiang Yuan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-ke Qiao
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Yu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-zhen Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-yuan Zhang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lai-ping Zhong
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Bai XL, Zhang Q, Ye LY, Hu QD, Fu QH, Zhi X, Su W, Su RG, Ma T, Chen W, Xie SZ, Chen CL, Liang TB. Inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A enhances cytotoxicity and accessibility of chemotherapeutic drugs to hepatocellular carcinomas. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:2062-72. [PMID: 24867249 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and therapeutically challenging malignancies worldwide. For patients ineligible for "curative resection" or liver transplantation, chemotherapy is an important minimally effective option. Strategies for chemosensitization are urgently needed. Here, we report that LB-100, a serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor, enhances the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy for HCC in vitro and in vivo. We found that LB-100 significantly enhanced inhibition of HCC by doxorubicin and cisplatin in vitro and in vivo in a PP2A-dependent way, while having little inhibitory activity when used alone. LB-100 promoted vascular endothelial growth factor secretion and vasculogenic mimicry, associated with increased microvessel density and blood perfusion of tumor cell xenografts. LB-100 also enhanced paracellular endothelial permeability to Evans Blue dye and doxorubicin in vivo and in vitro, presumably by altering vascular endothelial-cadherin contact between cells. Changes in permeability and perfusion were accompanied by increased accumulation of doxorubicin in HCC xenografts but not in normal liver tissue. In conclusion, LB-100 enhances chemotherapy by interfering with DNA damage-induced defense mechanisms and by increasing angiogenesis and drug penetration into tumor cells. The induction of angiogenesis and vascular permeability of tumor xenografts by inhibition of PP2A may be a novel approach for enhancing the cytotoxic treatment of HCC and potentially other cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/administration & dosage
- Capillary Permeability/drug effects
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Membrane Permeability
- Cisplatin/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Drug Synergism
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Piperazines/administration & dosage
- Protein Phosphatase 2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Phosphatase 2/metabolism
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Li Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long-Yun Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Da Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Han Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ri-Ga Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shang-Zhi Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong-Lin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Bo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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