1
|
10-O-(N N-Dimethylaminoethyl)-Ginkgolide B Methane-Sulfonate (XQ-1H) Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia Via Suppressing Neuronal Apoptosis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105987. [PMID: 34273708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 10-O-(N N-dimethylaminoethyl)-ginkgolide B methane-sulfonate (XQ-1H) is an effective novel drug for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease derived from Ginkgolide B, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, whether XQ-1H exerts neuroprotective effect via regulating neuronal apoptosis and the underlying mechanism remain to be elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of XQ-1H in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and the oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induced neuronal apoptosis on pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. RESULTS The results showed that administration of XQ-1H at different dosage (7.8, 15.6, 31.2 mg/kg) reduced the brain infarct and edema, attenuated the neuro-behavioral dysfunction, and improved cell morphology in brain tissue after MCAO/R in rats. Moreover, incubation with XQ-1H (1 µM, 3 µM, 10 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM) could increase the cell viability, and showed no toxic effect to PC-12 cells. XQ-1H at following 1 µM, 10 µM, 100 µM decreased the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and suppressed the cell apoptosis in PC-12 cells exposed to OGD/R. In addition, XQ-1H treatment could significantly inhibit caspase-3 activation both in vivo and in vitro, reciprocally modulate the expression of apoptosis related proteins, bcl-2, and bax via activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. For mechanism verification, LY294002, the inhibitor of PI3K/Akt pathway was introduced the expressions of bcl-2 and phosphorylated Akt were down-regulated, the expression of bax was up-regulated, indicating that XQ-1H could alleviate the cell apoptosis through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that XQ-1H treatment could provide a neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo and in vitro through regulating neuronal survival and inhibiting apoptosis. The findings of the study confirmed that XQ-1H could be develop as a potential drug for treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke.
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo XD, He XG, Yang FG, Liu MQ, Wang YD, Zhu DX, Zhang GZ, Ma ZJ, Kang XW. Research progress on the regulatory role of microRNAs in spinal cord injury. Regen Med 2021; 16:465-476. [PMID: 33955796 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe CNS injury that results in abnormalities in, or loss of, motor, sensory and autonomic nervous function. miRNAs belong to a new class of noncoding RNA that regulates the production of proteins and biological function of cells by silencing translation or interfering with the expression of target mRNAs. Following SCI, miRNAs related to oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis and many other secondary injuries are differentially expressed, and these miRNAs play an important role in the progression of secondary injuries after SCI. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the differential expression and functional roles of miRNAs after SCI, thus providing references for further research on miRNAs in SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Gang He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Feng-Guang Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Ming-Qiang Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yi-Dian Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Da-Xue Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Guang-Zhi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhan-Jun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Wen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.,The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for The Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Gansu 730000, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Microarray Analysis of Small Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs Involved in Oxidative Stress of RPE Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7658921. [PMID: 33194007 PMCID: PMC7641673 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7658921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the miRNA profiles of nanosized small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under oxidative damage. ARPE-19 cells were cultured with ox-LDL (100 mg/L) or serum-free medium for 48 hours, sEVs were then extracted, and miRNA sequencing was conducted to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the 2 groups. RNA sequence results were validated using quantitative real-time PCR. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway, and ingenuity pathway analyses (IPA) were performed for the DEGs. Results revealed that oxidative stress inhibited RPE cell viability and promoted sEV secretion. A total of 877 DEGs from sEVs were identified, of which 272 were downregulated and 605 were upregulated. In total, 66 enriched GO terms showed that the 3 most significant enrichment terms were cellular processes (biological processes), cell (cellular component), and catalytic activity (molecular function). IPA were used to explore DEGs associated with oxidation damage and further construct a miRNA-target regulatory network. This study identified several DEGs from oxidation-stimulated RPE cells, which may act as potential RNA targets for prognosis and diagnosis of RPE degeneration.
Collapse
|