1
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Abd-Elsabour M, Abou-Krisha MM, Kenawy SH, Yousef TA. A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on an Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of Magnetic Chitosan Nanocomposite Carbon Paste Electrode for the Determination of Diclofenac to Control Inflammation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1079. [PMID: 36985972 PMCID: PMC10058736 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A simple and eco-friendly electrochemical sensor for the anti-inflammatory diclofenac (DIC) was developed in a chitosan nanocomposite carbon paste electrode (M-Chs NC/CPE). The M-Chs NC/CPE was characterized with FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM for the size, surface area, and morphology. The produced electrode showed a high electrocatalytic activity to use the DIC in 0.1 M of the BR buffer (pH 3.0). The effect of scanning speed and pH on the DIC oxidation peak suggests that the DIC electrode process has a typical diffusion characteristic with two electrons and two protons. Furthermore, the peak current linearly proportional to the DIC concentration ranged from 0.025 M to 4.0 M with the correlation coefficient (r2). The sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD; 3σ), and the limit of quantification (LOQ; 10σ) were 0.993, 9.6 µA/µM cm2, 0.007 µM, and 0.024 µM, respectively. In the end, the proposed sensor enables the reliable and sensitive detection of DIC in biological and pharmaceutical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abd-Elsabour
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Mortaga M. Abou-Krisha
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed H. Kenawy
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Refractories, Ceramics and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Tarek A. Yousef
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Mansoura Laboratory, Toxic and Narcotic Drug, Forensic Medicine Department, Medicolegal Organization, Ministry of Justice, Cairo 11435, Egypt
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2
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Lisboa TP, de Oliveira WBV, de Souza CC, Oliveira RS, Matos MAC, Matos RC. Development of a 3D disposable device for the electrochemical determination of diclofenac in different matrices. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:357-366. [PMID: 36344667 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the development of a disposable electrochemical device (US$ 0.02 per electrode) using a 3D printed support (3Ds) of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) insulating filament with a composite material (CM) based on graphite and nail polish, immobilized on the support surface, was described for the electrochemical determination of diclofenac (DCF). The device was compared to the commercial glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and showed superior electroanalytical performance with approximately 1.8-fold higher current density. Additionally, an amperometric method for DCF determination in tap water, synthetic urine, and pharmaceutical formulation samples with the proposed electrode, using a flow injection analysis (FIA-AD) system, was developed. The optimized method presented excellent detectability (LOD = 0.47 µmol L-1), with excellent precision and accuracy (relative standard deviation < 5.6%) and percent recovery from spiked samples ranging from 89 to 106%. In addition, the sensor showed optimal analytical frequency with approximately 108 injections per hour, which demonstrates the potential of this system using the proposed disposable electrode for implementation in routine analysis and quality control with good selectivity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalles Pedrosa Lisboa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36026-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Cassiano Cunha de Souza
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36026-900, Brazil
| | - Raylla Santos Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36026-900, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Camargo Matos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36026-900, Brazil
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3
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Sahragard A, Dvořák M, J. Carrasco-Correa E, Varanasupakul P, Kubáň P, Miró M. Programmable Millifluidic Platform Integrating Automatic Electromembrane Extraction Cleanup and In-Line Electrochemical Detection: A Proof of Concept. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3161-3168. [PMID: 36200176 PMCID: PMC9623577 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A fully automatic millifluidic sensing platform coupling in-line nonsupported microelectromembrane extraction (μ-EME) with electrochemical detection (ECD) is herein proposed for the first time. Exploiting the features of the second generation of flow analysis, termed sequential injection (SI), the smart integration of SI and μ-EME-ECD enables (i) the repeatable formation of microvolumes of phases for the extraction step in a membrane-less (nonsupported) arrangement, (ii) diverting the acceptor plug to the ECD sensing device, (iii) in-line pH adjustment before the detection step, and (iv) washing of the platform for efficient removal of remnants of wetting film solvent, all entirely unsupervised. The real-life applicability of the miniaturized sensing system is studied for in-line sample cleanup and ECD of diclofenac as a model analyte after μ-EME of urine as a complex biological sample. A comprehensive study of the merits and the limitations of μ-EME solvents on ECD is presented. Under the optimal experimental conditions using 14 μL of unprocessed urine as the donor, 14 μL of 1-nonanol as the organic phase, and 14 μL of 25 mM NaOH as the acceptor in a 2.4 mm ID PTFE tubing, an extraction voltage of 250 V, and an extraction time of 10 min, an absolute (mass) extraction recovery of 48% of diclofenac in urine is obtained. The proposed flow-through system is proven to efficiently remove the interfering effect of predominantly occurring organic species in human urine on ECD with RSD% less than 8.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sahragard
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn
University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Miloš Dvořák
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, BrnoCZ-60200, Czech Republic
| | - Enrique J. Carrasco-Correa
- CLECEM
group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, C/Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, Valencia46100, Spain
| | - Pakorn Varanasupakul
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn
University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, BrnoCZ-60200, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE
Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, Palma de Mallorca, Illes BalearsE-07122, Spain,
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4
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Heredia Deba SA, Wols BA, Yntema DR, Lammertink RGH. Effects of the Water Matrix on the Degradation of Micropollutants by a Photocatalytic Ceramic Membrane. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1004. [PMID: 36295763 PMCID: PMC9612315 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of pharmaceuticals has increased the presence of micropollutants (MPs) in the environment. The removal and degradation of pharmaceutical mixtures in different water matrices are thus of significant importance. The photocatalytic degradation of four micropollutants-diclofenac (DCF), iopamidol (INN), methylene blue (MB), and metoprolol (MTP)-have been analyzed in this study by using a photocatalytic ceramic membrane. We experimentally analyzed the degradation rate by using several water matrices by changing the feed composition of micropollutants in the mixture (from mg· L-1 to μg·L-1), adding different concentrations of inorganic compounds (NaHCO3 and NaCl), and by using tap water. A maximum degradation of 97% for DCF and MTP, and 85% for INN was observed in a micropollutants (MPs) mixture in tap water at environmentally relevant feed concentrations [1-6 μg·L-1]o; and 86% for MB in an MPs mixture [1-3 mg·L-1]o with 100 mg·L-1 of NaCl. This work provides further insights into the applicability of photocatalytic membranes and illustrates the importance of the water matrix to the photocatalytic degradation of micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyana A. Heredia Deba
- Wetsus European Center of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
- Membrane Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Bas A. Wols
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, 3430 BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Doekle R. Yntema
- Wetsus European Center of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob G. H. Lammertink
- Membrane Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
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5
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Torrinha Á, Oliveira TMBF, Ribeiro FWP, de Lima-Neto P, Correia AN, Morais S. (Bio)Sensing Strategies Based on Ionic Liquid-Functionalized Carbon Nanocomposites for Pharmaceuticals: Towards Greener Electrochemical Tools. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142368. [PMID: 35889592 PMCID: PMC9319828 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of carbon-based nanomaterials and ionic liquids (ILs) has been thoroughly exploited for diverse electroanalytical solutions since the first report in 2003. This combination, either through covalent or non-covalent functionalization, takes advantage of the unique characteristics inherent to each material, resulting in synergistic effects that are conferred to the electrochemical (bio)sensing system. From one side, carbon nanomaterials offer miniaturization capacity with enhanced electron transfer rates at a reduced cost, whereas from the other side, ILs contribute as ecological dispersing media for the nanostructures, improving conductivity and biocompatibility. The present review focuses on the use of this interesting type of nanocomposites for the development of (bio)sensors specifically for pharmaceutical detection, with emphasis on the analytical (bio)sensing features. The literature search displayed the conjugation of more than 20 different ILs and several carbon nanomaterials (MWCNT, SWCNT, graphene, carbon nanofibers, fullerene, and carbon quantum dots, among others) that were applied for a large set (about 60) of pharmaceutical compounds. This great variability causes a straightforward comparison between sensors to be a challenging task. Undoubtedly, electrochemical sensors based on the conjugation of carbon nanomaterials with ILs can potentially be established as sustainable analytical tools and viable alternatives to more traditional methods, especially concerning in situ environmental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Torrinha
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Thiago M. B. F. Oliveira
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Av. Tenente Raimundo Rocha, 1639, Cidade Universitária, Juazeiro do Norte 63048-080, Brazil;
| | - Francisco W. P. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Formação de Educadores, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Rua Olegário Emídio de Araújo, S/N, Centro, Brejo Santo 63260-000, Brazil;
| | - Pedro de Lima-Neto
- Centro de Ciências, Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza 60440-900, Brazil; (P.d.L.-N.); (A.N.C.)
| | - Adriana N. Correia
- Centro de Ciências, Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico-Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Bloco 940, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza 60440-900, Brazil; (P.d.L.-N.); (A.N.C.)
| | - Simone Morais
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
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6
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Agafonova LE, Bulko TV, Kuzikov AV, Masamrekh RA, Shumyantseva VV. Sensors for analysis of drugs, drug-drug interactions, and catalytic activity of enzymes. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Development of highly sensitive methods for drug analysis is an ongoing challenge posed by modern bioanalytical and pharmaceutical chemistry. Drug analysis is essential to monitor the quality and purity of pharmaceuticals, study the delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents, to assess the effectiveness of the substance incorporation into the drug delivery system, to estimate the kinetic parameters of reactions, catalyzed by enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, and to study the mechanisms of the drug-DNA interactions from the perspective of pharmacogenomics. The study was aimed to develop an electrochemical technique for detection of a number of drugs. The method is based on electrochemical oxidation of organic molecules at positive potentials between +(0÷1.6) V. The commercially available three-contact electrodes obtained by screen printing with unmodified graphite working electrode were used for analysis. It is shown that electrochemical technique allows for simultaneous detection of several compounds at various working electrode potentials, and for detection of drugs over a wide range of the clinically meaningful drug concentrations (50 µM – 10 mМ), which could be used when working with biological fluids (blood plasma, blood serum, blood, urine), as well as when performing drug monitoring and drug–drug interaction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- LE Agafonova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), Moscow, Russia
| | - TV Bulko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), Moscow, Russia
| | - AV Kuzikov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), Moscow, Russia
| | - RA Masamrekh
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC), Moscow, Russia
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7
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Mousazadeh F, Mohammadi SZ, Akbari S, Mofidinasab N, Aflatoonian MR, Shokooh-Saljooghi A. Recent Advantages of Mediator Based Chemically Modified Electrodes;
Powerful Approach in Electroanalytical Chemistry. CURR ANAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411017999201224124347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Modified electrodes have advanced from the initial studies aimed at understanding
electron transfer in films to applications in areas such as energy production and analytical
chemistry. This review emphasizes the major classes of modified electrodes with mediators
that are being explored for improving analytical methodology. Chemically modified electrodes
(CMEs) have been widely used to counter the problems of poor sensitivity and selectivity faced in
bare electrodes. We have briefly reviewed the organometallic and organic mediators that have been
extensively employed to engineer adapted electrode surfaces for the detection of different compounds.
Also, the characteristics of the materials that improve the electrocatalytic activity of the
modified surfaces are discussed.
Objective:
Improvement and promotion of pragmatic CMEs have generated a diversity of novel
and probable strong detection prospects for electroanalysis. While the capability of handling the
chemical nature of the electrode/solution interface accurately and creatively increases , it is predictable
that different mediators-based CMEs could be developed with electrocatalytic activity and
completely new applications be advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sedighe Akbari
- Islamic Azad University, Shahrbabak Branch, Shahrbabak,Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Aflatoonian
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman,Iran
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8
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Kassahun GS, Griveau S, Bedioui F, Slim C. Input of Electroanalytical Methods for the Determination of Diclofenac: A Review of Recent Trends and Developments. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Getnet Sewnet Kassahun
- Chimie ParisTech PSL Research University iCLeHS, CNRS, UMR 8060 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Sophie Griveau
- Chimie ParisTech PSL Research University iCLeHS, CNRS, UMR 8060 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Fethi Bedioui
- Chimie ParisTech PSL Research University iCLeHS, CNRS, UMR 8060 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Cyrine Slim
- Chimie ParisTech PSL Research University iCLeHS, CNRS, UMR 8060 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
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9
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Boumya W, Taoufik N, Achak M, Bessbousse H, Elhalil A, Barka N. Electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical, biological and water samples. TALANTA OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2020.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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10
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Gold-Platinum Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Thiolated Polyaniline and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for the Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Six Drug Molecules. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this proof-of-concept study, a novel nanocomposite of the thiolated polyaniline (tPANI), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and gold–platinum core-shell nanoparticles (Au@Pt) (tPANI-Au@Pt-MWCNT) was synthesized and utilized to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for simultaneous voltammetric determination of six over-the-counter (OTC) drug molecules: ascorbic acid (AA), levodopa (LD), acetaminophen (AC), diclofenac (DI), acetylsalicylic acid (AS) and caffeine (CA). The nanocomposite (tPANI-Au@Pt-MWCNT) was characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Using the sensor (GCE-tPANI-Au@Pt-MWCNT) in connection with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the calibration plots were determined to be linear up to 570.0, 60.0, 60.0, 115.0, 375.0 and 520.0 µM with limit of detection (LOD) of 1.5, 0.25, 0.15, 0.2, 2.0, and 5.0 µM for AA, LD, AC, DI, AS and CA, respectively. The nanocomposite-modified sensor was successfully used for the determination of these redox-active compounds in commercially available OTC products such as energy drinks, cream and tablets with good recovery yields ranging from 95.48 ± 0.53 to 104.1 ± 1.63%. We envisage that the electrochemical sensor provides a promising platform for future applications towards the detection of redox-active drug molecules in pharmaceutical quality control studies and forensic investigations.
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11
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Kaya SI, Karabulut TC, Kurbanoglu S, Ozkan SA. Chemically Modified Electrodes in Electrochemical Drug Analysis. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412915666190304140433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrode modification is a technique performed with different chemical and physical methods
using various materials, such as polymers, nanomaterials and biological agents in order to enhance
sensitivity, selectivity, stability and response of sensors. Modification provides the detection of small
amounts of analyte in a complex media with very low limit of detection values. Electrochemical methods
are well suited for drug analysis, and they are all-purpose techniques widely used in environmental
studies, industrial fields, and pharmaceutical and biomedical analyses. In this review, chemically modified
electrodes are discussed in terms of modification techniques and agents, and recent studies related
to chemically modified electrodes in electrochemical drug analysis are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sariye I. Kaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tutku C. Karabulut
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevinç Kurbanoglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A. Ozkan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Soltani R, Guo S, Bianco A, Ménard‐Moyon C. Carbon Nanomaterials Applied for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases: Preclinical Evidence. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rym Soltani
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Shi Guo
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Cécilia Ménard‐Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
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Abstract
Background:
This review investigates the ophthalmic drugs that have been studied with
voltammetry in the web of science database in the last 10 years.
Introduction:
Ophthalmic drugs are used in the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of various ophthalmological
diseases and conditions. A significant literature has emerged in recent years that investigates
determination of these active compounds via electroanalytical methods, particularly voltammetry. Low
cost, rapid determination, high availability, efficient sensitivity and simple application make voltammetry
one of the most used methods for determining various kinds of drugs including ophthalmic ones.
Methods:
In this particular review, we searched the literature via the web of science database for ophthalmic
drugs which are investigated with voltammetric techniques using the keywords of voltammetry,
electrochemistry, determination and electroanalytical methods.
Results:
We found 33 types of pharmaceuticals in nearly 140 articles. We grouped them clinically into
seven major groups as antibiotics, antivirals, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-glaucomatous
drugs, steroidal drugs, local anesthetics and miscellaneous. Voltammetric techniques, electrodes, optimum
pHs, peak potentials, limit of detection values, limit of quantification values, linearity ranges,
sample type and interference effects were compared.
Conclusion:
Ophthalmic drugs are widely used in the clinic and it is important to determine trace
amounts of these species analytically. Voltammetry is a preferred method for its ease of use, high sensitivity,
low cost, and high availability for the determination of ophthalmic drugs as well as many other
medical drugs. The low limits of detection values indicate that voltammetry is quite sufficient for determining
ophthalmic drugs in many media such as human serum, urine and ophthalmic eye drops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Inam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ersin Demir
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences, Afyonkarahisar, 03200, Turkey
| | - Bengi Uslu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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All-electrochemical nanocomposite two-electrode setup for quantification of drugs and study of their electrocatalytical conversion by cytochromes P450. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Sasal A, Tyszczuk-Rotko K, Wójciak M, Sowa I. First Electrochemical Sensor (Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Carboxyl Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes) for Ultratrace Determination of Diclofenac. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13030781. [PMID: 32046335 PMCID: PMC7040793 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and time-saving differential-pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetric (DPAdSV) procedure using a screen-printed carbon electrode modified with carboxyl functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SPCE/MWCNTs-COOH) for the determination of diclofenac (DF) is presented. The sensor was characterized using optical profilometry, SEM, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The use of carboxyl functionalized MWCNTs as a SPCE modifier improved the electron transfer process and the active surface area of sensor. Under optimum conditions, very sensitive results were obtained with a linear range of 0.1–10.0 nmol L−1 and a limit of detection value of 0.028 nmol L−1. The SPCE/MWCNTs-COOH also exhibited satisfactory repeatability, reproducibility, and selectivity towards potential interferences. Moreover, for the first time, the electrochemical sensor allows determining the real concentrations of DF in environmental water samples without sample pretreatment steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sasal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Tyszczuk-Rotko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (K.T.-R.); (M.W.)
| | - Magdalena Wójciak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (K.T.-R.); (M.W.)
| | - Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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16
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Electrochemical Behavior and Detection of Diclofenac at a Microporous Si3N4 Membrane Modified Water–1,6-dichlorohexane Interface System. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior when the liquid–liquid interface was modified by commercially available, microporous silicon nitride membrane, was achieved using cyclic voltammetry with tetramethyl ammonium. The transfer characteristics of the ionizable drug diclofenac ( DCF − ), as an anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, antipyretic, and analgesic treatment in common use in biomedical applications, were also investigated across microporous silicon nitride-modified liquid interface. Thus, some thermodynamic variables for DCF − , such as the standard Gibbs energy of transfer, the standard transfer potential and lipophilicity were estimated. Furthermore, the influence of possible interfering substances (ascorbic acid, sugar, amino acid, urea, and metal ions) on the detection of DCF − was investigated. An electrochemical DCF sensor is investigated using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) as the quantification technique, a linear range of 8–56 µM and a limit of detection of 1.5 µM was possible due to the miniaturized interfaces formed within silicon nitride.
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Costa-Rama E, Nouws H, Delerue-Matos C, Blanco-López M, Fernández-Abedul M. Preconcentration and sensitive determination of the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac on a paper-based electroanalytical platform. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1074:89-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Slim C, Tlili N, Richard C, Griveau S, Bedioui F. Amperometric detection of diclofenac at a nano-structured multi-wall carbon nanotubes sensing films. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abstract
Background:
The determination of drugs in pharmaceutical formulations and human biologic fluids is
important for pharmaceutical and medical sciences. Successful analysis requires low sensitivity, high selectivity
and minimum interference effects. Current analytical methods can detect drugs at very low levels but these methods
require long sample preparation steps, extraction prior to analysis, highly trained technical staff and high-cost
instruments. Biosensors offer several advantages such as short analysis time, high sensitivity, real-time analysis,
low-cost instruments, and short pretreatment steps over traditional techniques. Biosensors allow quantification not
only of the active component in pharmaceutical formulations, but also the degradation products and metabolites in
biological fluids. The present review gives comprehensive information on the application of biosensors for drug
discovery and analysis. Moreover, this review focuses on the fabrication of these biosensors.
Methods:
Biosensors can be classified as the utilized bioreceptor and the signal transduction mechanism. The classification
based on signal transductions includes electrochemical optical, thermal or acoustic. Electrochemical and
optic transducers are mostly utilized transducers used for drug analysis. There are many biological recognition elements,
such as enzymes, antibodies, cells that have been used in fabricating of biosensors. Aptamers and antibodies
are the most widely used recognition elements for the screening of the drugs. Electrochemical sensors and biosensors
have several advantages such as low detection limits, a wide linear response range, good stability and reproducibility.
Optical biosensors have several advantages such as direct, real-time and label-free detection of many
biological and chemical substances, high specificity, sensitivity, small size and low cost. Modified electrodes enhance
sensitivity of the electrodes to develop a new biosensor with desired features. Chemically modified electrodes
have gained attention in drug analysis owing to low background current, wide potential window range, simple
surface renewal, low detection limit and low cost. Modified electrodes produced by modifying of a solid surface
electrode via different materials (carbonaceous materials, metal nanoparticles, polymer, biomolecules) immobilization.
Recent advances in nanotechnology offer opportunities to design and construct biosensors. Unique features
of nanomaterials provide many advantages in the fabrication of biosensors. Nanomaterials have controllable
chemical structures, large surface to volume ratios, functional groups on their surface. To develop proteininorganic
hybrid nanomaterials, four preparation methods have been used. These methods are immobilization, conjugation,
crosslinking and self-assembly. In the present manuscript, applications of different biosensors, fabricated
by using several materials, for drug analysis are reviewed. The biosensing strategies are investigated and discussed
in detail.
Results:
Several analytical techniques such as chromatography, spectroscopy, radiometry, immunoassays and electrochemistry
have been used for drug analysis and quantification. Methods based on chromatography require timeconsuming
procedure, long sample-preparation steps, expensive instruments and trained staff. Compared to chromatographic
methods, immunoassays have simple protocols and lower cost. Electrochemical measurements have
many advantages over traditional chemical analyses and give information about drug quantity, metabolic fate of
drugs, and pharmacological activity. Moreover, the electroanalytical methods are useful to determine drugs sensitively
and selectivity. Additionally, these methods decrease analysis cost and require low-cost instruments and
simple sample pretreatment steps.
Conclusion:
In recent years, drug analyses are performed using traditional techniques. These techniques have a
good detection limit, but they have some limitations such as long analysis time, expensive device and experienced
personnel requirement. Increased demand for practical and low-cost analytical techniques biosensor has gained interest
for drug determinations in medical sciences. Biosensors are unique and successful devices when compared to
traditional techniques. For drug determination, different electrode modification materials and different biorecognition
elements are used for biosensor construction. Several biosensor construction strategies have been developed to
enhance the biosensor performance. With the considerable progress in electrode surface modification, promotes the
selectivity of the biosensor, decreases the production cost and provides miniaturization. In the next years, advances
in technology will provide low cost, sensitive, selective biosensors for drug analysis in drug formulations and biological
samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Burcu Aydin
- Namik Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Aydin
- Namik Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezginturk
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Canakkale, Turkey
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Karadurmus L, Sahin IF, Kurbanoglu S, Ozkan SA. Electrochemical Determination of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180917113920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical methods have been used for the determination of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drugs (NSAID) just as used in the determination of various drugs. Among voltammetric
methods; differential pulse voltammetric method, square wave voltammetric method and linear
sweep voltammetric method are the most commonly used ones. NSAIDs are widely used in the
treatment of inflammatory conditions such as musculoskeletal disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis,
acute gouty arthritis) and dental pain, menstrual pain, postoperative pain and migraine. In
this review, some selected recent electrochemical studies were selected related to the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drug analyzes. The aim of this review is to evaluate and discuss the advantages, details
and usages of electroanalytical methods in the determination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Karadurmus
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - I. Firat Sahin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevinc Kurbanoglu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A. Ozkan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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da Cunha CEP, Rodrigues ESB, Fernandes Alecrim M, Thomaz DV, Macêdo IYL, Garcia LF, de Oliveira Neto JR, Moreno EKG, Ballaminut N, de Souza Gil E. Voltammetric Evaluation of Diclofenac Tablets Samples through Carbon Black-Based Electrodes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E83. [PMID: 31167398 PMCID: PMC6630689 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac (DIC) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of wide use around the world. Electroanalytical methods display a high analytical potential for application in pharmaceutical samples but the drawbacks concerning electrode fouling and reproducibility are of major concern. Henceforth, the aim of this work was to propose the use of alternative low-cost carbon black (CB) and ionic liquid (IL) matrix to modify the surface of pencil graphite electrodes (PGE) in order to quantify DIC in raw materials, intermediates, and final products, as well as in stability assays of tablets. The proposed method using CB+IL/PGE displayed good recovery (99.4%) as well as limits of detection (LOD) of 0.08 µmol L-1 and limits of quantification (LOQ) of 0.28 µmol L-1. CB+IL/PGE response was five times greater than the unmodified PGE. CB+IL-PGE stands as an interesting alternative for DIC assessment in different pharmaceutical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Douglas Vieira Thomaz
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil.
| | | | - Luane Ferreira Garcia
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Nara Ballaminut
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil.
| | - Eric de Souza Gil
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-970, Brazil.
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Guzmán MF, Mendoza Huizar LH, Galán Vidal CA, Morales GR, Álvarez Romero GA. A Box-Behnken Optimized Methodology for the Quantification of Diclofenac using a Carbon Paste-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Electrode. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180423151749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Diclofenac is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Recent
studies have shown that frequent consumption of this drug in high concentrations can cause heart diseases,
so strict control of diclofenac’s quantity in commercial drugs is necessary. This paper presents
the development of an optimized voltammetric methodology for the quantification of diclofenac,
which offers some advantages over other electrochemical and accepted methods.
Objective:
Optimize with a Box-Behnken design the differential pulse voltammetry parameters towards
the quantification of diclofenac in pharmaceutical samples.
Methods:
Diclofenac behavior in the working electrode was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, in order
to stablish the best conditions for diclofenac’s quantification. A Box-Behnken design was then used to
optimize the differential pulse voltammetry parameters and stablish the analytical behavior of the proposed
methodology. Commercial tablets were prepared for analysis according to the Pharmacopeia,
the DPV optimized methodology was used to quantify diclofenac in the samples, and the results were
statistically compared with those obtained with the official methodology.
Results:
After optimization, the analytical parameters found were: correlation coefficient of 0.998, detection
limit of 0.001 µM, quantification limit of 0.0033 µM and sensitivity of 0.299 µA.µM-1. The
statistical analysis showed there were no significant differences between the results obtained with the
proposed methodology and those obtained with the official methodology.
Conclusion:
The statistical analysis showed that the proposed methodology is as reliable as the official
spectrophotometric one for the quantification of diclofenac in commercial drugs, with very competitive
analytical parameters, and even better to others found with more complex electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Franco Guzmán
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Area Academica de Quimica, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5. C.P 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Luis Humberto Mendoza Huizar
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Area Academica de Quimica, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5. C.P 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Carlos Andrés Galán Vidal
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Area Académica de Quimica, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5. C.P 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Roa Morales
- UAEM-UNAM, Centro Conjunto de Investigacion en Quimica Sustentable, Carretera Km. 14.5, Unidad San Cayetano, 50200, Toluca - Atlacomulco, Toluca de Lerdo, Mex, Mexico
| | - Giaan A. Álvarez Romero
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Area Academica de Quimica, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5. C.P 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Shalauddin M, Akhter S, Basirun WJ, Bagheri S, Anuar NS, Johan MR. Hybrid nanocellulose/f-MWCNTs nanocomposite for the electrochemical sensing of diclofenac sodium in pharmaceutical drugs and biological fluids. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Synthesis, characterization, and preparation of nickel nanoparticles decorated electrochemically reduced graphene oxide modified electrode for electrochemical sensing of diclofenac. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-4071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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El-Wekil MM, Alkahtani SA, Ali HRH, Mahmoud AM. Advanced sensing nanomaterials based carbon paste electrode for simultaneous electrochemical measurement of esomeprazole and diclofenac sodium in human serum and urine samples. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.04.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Aptamer-based sensor for diclofenac quantification using carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide decorated with magnetic nanomaterials. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-017-1259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Kurbanoglu S, Ozkan SA. Electrochemical carbon based nanosensors: A promising tool in pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 147:439-457. [PMID: 28780997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has become very popular in the sensor fields in recent times. It is thought that the utilization of such technologies, as well as the use of nanosized materials, could well have beneficial effects for the performance of sensors. Nano-sized materials have been shown to have a number of novel and interesting physical and chemical properties. Low-dimensional nanometer-sized materials and systems have defined a new research area in condensed-matter physics within past decades. Apart from the aforesaid categories of materials, there exist various materials of different types for fabricating nanosensors. Carbon is called as a unique element, due to its magnificent applications in many areas. Carbon is an astonishing element that can be found many forms including graphite, diamond, fullerenes, and graphene. This review provides an overview of some of the important and recent developments brought about by the application of carbon based nanostructures to nanotechnology for both chemical and biological sensor development and their application in pharmaceutical and biomedical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevinc Kurbanoglu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06100, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06100, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
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Basiri F, Taei M. Application of spinel-structured MgFe2O4 nanoparticles for simultaneous electrochemical determination diclofenac and morphine. Mikrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-016-1995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Derikvand H, Roushani M, Abbasi AR, Derikvand Z, Azadbakht A. Design of folding-based impedimetric aptasensor for determination of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Anal Biochem 2016; 513:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cid-Cerón M, Guzmán-Hernández D, Ramírez-Silva M, Galano A, Romero-Romo M, Palomar-Pardavé M. NEW INSIGTHS ON THE KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF DICLOFENAC IN NEUTRAL AQUEOUS MEDIUM. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.03.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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Electrochemical determination of carbamazepin in the presence of paracetamol using a carbon ionic liquid paste electrode modified with a three-dimensional graphene/MWCNT hybrid composite film. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gold nanoparticle/multi-walled carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode as a sensitive voltammetric sensor for the determination of diclofenac sodium. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 59:168-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Agustini D, Bergamini MF, Marcolino-Junior LH. Low cost microfluidic device based on cotton threads for electroanalytical application. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:345-52. [PMID: 26659997 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01348h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices are an interesting alternative for performing analytical assays, due to the speed of analyses, reduced sample, reagent and solvent consumption and less waste generation. However, the high manufacturing costs still prevent the massive use of these devices worldwide. Here, we present the construction of a low cost microfluidic thread-based electroanalytical device (μTED), employing extremely cheap materials and a manufacturing process free of equipment. The microfluidic channels were built with cotton threads and the estimated cost per device was only $0.39. The flow of solutions (1.12 μL s(-1)) is generated spontaneously due to the capillary forces, eliminating the use of any pumping system. To demonstrate the analytical performance of the μTED, a simultaneous determination of acetaminophen (ACT) and diclofenac (DCF) was performed by multiple pulse amperometry (MPA). A linear dynamic range (LDR) of 10 to 320 μmol L(-1) for both species, a limit of detection (LOD) and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 1.4 and 4.7 μmol L(-1) and 2.5 and 8.3 μmol L(-1) for ACT and DCF, respectively, as well as an analytical frequency of 45 injections per hour were reached. Thus, the proposed device has shown potential to extend the use of microfluidic analytical devices, due to its simplicity, low cost and good analytical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deonir Agustini
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Márcio F Bergamini
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Humberto Marcolino-Junior
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba-PR, Brazil.
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Okoth OK, Yan K, Liu L, Zhang J. Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Paracetamol and Diclofenac Based on Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) Functionalized Graphene. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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