1
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Aiello D, Barbera M, Bongiorno D, Cammarata M, Censi V, Indelicato S, Mazzotti F, Napoli A, Piazzese D, Saiano F. Edible Insects an Alternative Nutritional Source of Bioactive Compounds: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020699. [PMID: 36677756 PMCID: PMC9861065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible insects have the potential to become one of the major future foods. In fact, they can be considered cheap, highly nutritious, and healthy food sources. International agencies, such as the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), have focused their attention on the consumption of edible insects, in particular, regarding their nutritional value and possible biological, toxicological, and allergenic risks, wishing the development of analytical methods to verify the authenticity, quality, and safety of insect-based products. Edible insects are rich in proteins, fats, fiber, vitamins, and minerals but also seem to contain large amounts of polyphenols able to have a key role in specific bioactivities. Therefore, this review is an overview of the potential of edible insects as a source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, that can be a function of diet but also related to insect chemical defense. Currently, insect phenolic compounds have mostly been assayed for their antioxidant bioactivity; however, they also exert other activities, such as anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity, antityrosinase, antigenotoxic, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Aiello
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Marcella Barbera
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - David Bongiorno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Cammarata
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Censi
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Indelicato
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Mazzotti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Anna Napoli
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Piazzese
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (D.P.)
| | - Filippo Saiano
- Department Agricultural Food and Forestry Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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2
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Honegger P, Di Pietro ME, Castiglione F, Vaccarini C, Quant A, Steinhauser O, Schröder C, Mele A. The Intermolecular NOE Depends on Isotope Selection: Short Range vs Long Range Behavior. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8658-8663. [PMID: 34472860 PMCID: PMC8436203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) is a powerful tool in molecular structure elucidation, combining the subtle chemical shift of NMR and three-dimensional information independent of chemical connectivity. Its usage for intermolecular studies, however, is fundamentally limited by an unspecific long-ranged interaction behavior. This joint experimental and computational work shows that proper selection of interacting isotopes can overcome these limitations: Isotopes with strongly differing gyromagnetic ratios give rise to short-ranged intermolecular NOEs. In this light, existing NOE experiments need to be re-evaluated and future ones can be designed accordingly. Thus, a new chapter on intermolecular structure elucidation is opened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Honegger
- Department
of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Computational Biological Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Enrica Di Pietro
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Franca Castiglione
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Vaccarini
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alea Quant
- Department
of Computational Biological Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Othmar Steinhauser
- Department
of Computational Biological Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Schröder
- Department
of Computational Biological Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CNR-SCITEC
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
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3
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Zhu H, O'Dell LA. Nuclear magnetic resonance characterisation of ionic liquids and organic ionic plastic crystals: common approaches and recent advances. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5609-5625. [PMID: 34048516 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02151f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids, and their solid-state equivalents organic ionic plastic crystals, show many useful and tailorable properties that make them interesting for a wide range of applications including as electrolytes for energy storage devices. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and related techniques offer a powerful and versatile toolkit for the characterisation of structure, interactions and dynamics in these materials. This article summarises both commonly used methods and some recent advances in this area, including solution- and solid-state methods, dynamic nuclear polarisation, imaging, diffusion and relaxation measurements, and example applications of some less commonly studied nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Zhu
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3220, Australia.
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3220, Australia.
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4
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Gyabeng D, Qiao L, Zhang H, Oteo U, Armand M, Forsyth M, Chen F, O'Dell LA. Anion-cation interactions in novel ionic liquids based on an asymmetric sulfonimide anion observed by NMR and MD simulations. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Casalegno M, Castiglione F, Raos G, Appetecchi GB, Passerini S, Mele A, Ragg E. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Molecular Dynamics Characterization of Ionic Liquid in Poly(ethylene oxide)-Based Polymer Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:23800-23811. [PMID: 32352774 PMCID: PMC8007074 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ternary systems consisting of polymers, lithium salts, and ionic liquids (ILs) are promising materials for the development of next-generation lithium batteries. The ternary systems combine the advantages of polymer-salt and IL-salt systems, thus providing media with high ionic conductivity and solid-like mechanical properties. In this work, we apply nuclear magnetic resonance 1H microimaging [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] techniques and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the translational and rotational dynamics of the N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium (PYR14) cation in poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrices containing the lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salt (LiTFSI) and the PYR14TFSI IL. The analysis of diffusion-weighted images in PEO/LiTFSI/PYR14TFSI samples with varying mole ratios (10:1:x, with x = 1, 2, 3, and 4) shows, in a wide range of temperatures, a spatially heterogeneous distribution of PYR14 diffusion coefficients. Their weight-averaged values increase with IL content but remain well below the values estimated for the neat IL. The analysis of T2 (spin-spin relaxation) parametric images shows that the PEO matrix significantly hinders PYR14 rotational freedom, which is only partially restored by increasing the IL content. The MD simulations, performed on IL-filled cavities within the PEO matrix, reveal that PYR14 diffusion is mainly affected by Li/TFSI coordination within the IL phase. In agreement with MRI experiments, increasing the IL content increases the PYR14 diffusion coefficients. Finally, the analysis of MD trajectories suggests that Li diffusion mostly develops within the IL phase, although a fraction of Li cations is strongly coordinated by PEO oxygen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosè Casalegno
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Franca Castiglione
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Guido Raos
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Appetecchi
- Snergy
and Sustainable Economic Development, Materials and Physicochemical
Processes Technical Unit, ENEA, Italian
National Agency for New Technology, Via Anguillarese 301, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz
Institute of Ulm (HIU), Strasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box
3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrea Mele
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Enzio Ragg
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Molecolari Agroalimentari, Università
di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
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6
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Di
Pietro ME, Castiglione F, Mele A. Anions as Dynamic Probes for Ionic Liquid Mixtures. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2879-2891. [PMID: 32186377 PMCID: PMC7997561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquid (IL) mixtures have been proposed as a viable alternative to rationally fine-tune the physicochemical properties of ILs for a variety of applications. The understanding of the effects of mixing ILs on the properties of the mixtures is however only in the very early stages. Two series of ionic liquid mixtures, based on the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium cations, and having a common anion (tetrafluoroborate or bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide), have been prepared and deeply characterized via multiple NMR techniques. Diffusion and relaxation methods combined with 2D ion-ion correlation (nuclear Overhauser enhancement) experiments have been used for a better understanding of the interplay between dynamics and structure of IL mixtures. A crucial role of the anion in driving the mixture's behavior emerged, making them important "dynamic probes" for gaining information of the polar and nonpolar regions of ionic liquids and their mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Enrica Di
Pietro
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Franca Castiglione
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto
di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC-CNR), Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
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7
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Ghimire MM, Simon OC, Harris LM, Appiah A, Mitch RM, Nesterov VN, Macchioni A, Zuccaccia C, Rabaâ H, Galassi R, Omary MA. Binary Donor-Acceptor Adducts of Tetrathiafulvalene Donors with Cyclic Trimetallic Monovalent Coinage Metal Acceptors. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15303-15319. [PMID: 31651151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reactions between the π-acidic cyclic trimetallic coinage metal(I) complexes {[Cu(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3, {[Ag(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3, and {[Au(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3 with TTF, DBTTF and BEDT-TTF give rise to a series of coinage metal(I)-based new binary donor-acceptor adducts {[Cu(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3DBTTF} (1), {[Ag(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3DBTTF} (2), {[Au(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3DBTTF} (3), {[Cu(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3TTF} (4), {[Ag(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3TTF} (5), {[Au(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3TTF} (6), {[Cu(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3BEDT-TTF} (7), {[Ag(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3BEDT-TTF} (8), and {[Au(μ-3,5-(CF3)2pz)]3BEDT-TTF} (9), where pz = pyrazolate, TTF = tetrathiafulvalene, DBTTF = dibenzotetrathiafulvalene, and BEDT-TTF = bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene. This series of binary donor-acceptor adducts has been found to exhibit remarkable supramolecular structures in both the solid state and solution, whereby they exhibit supramolecular stacked chains and oligomers, respectively. The supramolecular solid-state and solution binary donor-acceptor adducts also exhibit superior shelf stability under ambient laboratory storage conditions. Structural and other electronic properties of solids and solutions of these adducts have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) structural analysis, 1H and 19F NMR, UV-vis-near-IR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and computational investigations. The combined results of XRD structural data analysis, spectroscopic measurements, and theoretical studies suggest sustenance of the donor-acceptor stacked structure and electronic communication in both the solid state and solution. These properties are discussed in terms of potential applications for this new class of supramolecular binary donor-acceptor adducts in molecular electronic devices, including solar cells, magnetic switching devices, and field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukunda M Ghimire
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States.,Lebanon Valley College , Annville , Pennsylvania 17003 , United States
| | - Oumarou C Simon
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States.,School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division , University of Camerino , Via Sant'Agostino 1 , Camerino I-62032 , Italy
| | - Lauren M Harris
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
| | - Annette Appiah
- Lebanon Valley College , Annville , Pennsylvania 17003 , United States
| | - Ryan M Mitch
- Lebanon Valley College , Annville , Pennsylvania 17003 , United States
| | - Vladimir N Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
| | - Alceo Macchioni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology , University of Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , Perugia I-06123 , Italy
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology , University of Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto 8 , Perugia I-06123 , Italy
| | - Hassan Rabaâ
- Department of Chemistry, ESCTM , Ibn Tofail University , P.O. Box 133, Kenitra 14000 , Morocco
| | - Rossana Galassi
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division , University of Camerino , Via Sant'Agostino 1 , Camerino I-62032 , Italy
| | - Mohammad A Omary
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Yarmouk University , Irbid 21163 , Jordan
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8
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Gyabeng D, Martin PA, Pal U, Deschamps M, Forsyth M, O'Dell LA. Investigating Intermolecular Interactions in a DME-Based Hybrid Ionic Liquid Electrolyte by HOESY NMR. Front Chem 2019; 7:4. [PMID: 30761289 PMCID: PMC6361811 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intermolecular interactions in a hybrid electrolyte based on various compositions of the ionic liquid N-methyl-N-propyl pyrrolidinium bis-fluorosulfonylimide (C3mpyrFSI), LiFSI salt and an ether-based additive, 1,2-dimethoxy ethane (DME), have been investigated using the HOESY (Heteronuclear Overhauser Effect SpectroscopY) NMR experiment. This NMR technique allows a quantification of the intermolecular interactions in ionic liquids (ILs) by measuring the cross-relaxation rate (σ) between different pairs of nuclei. Thereby, we compare the cross-relaxation rates between the cations, anions and DME in these hybrid electrolyte systems using 1H-7Li and 1H-19F HOESY experiments, and interpret the measured parameters in terms of ionic and molecular associations. The results give insights into the local coordination environment of the Li+ cations and their solvation by the FSI anions and DME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derick Gyabeng
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Martin
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,CEMHTI, CNRS UPR 3079, Orléans University, Orléans, France
| | - Urbi Pal
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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9
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Martin PA, Chen F, Forsyth M, Deschamps M, O'Dell LA. Correlating Intermolecular Cross-Relaxation Rates with Distances and Coordination Numbers in Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:7072-7078. [PMID: 30395468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The HOESY NMR experiment is commonly used to probe ion associations in ionic liquids and their mixtures. The parameter measured in this experiment is the heteronuclear cross-relaxation rate σ, which has dimensions of s-1. For intramolecular NOEs this scales as r-6 where r is the internuclear distance, but in the intermolecular case (as typically probed in studies of ionic liquids), theory predicts a more complex behavior including a distance dependence that is affected by the relative frequencies of the nuclei involved. Specifically, for nuclei with similar resonance frequencies such as 1H and 19F, it has been predicted that intermolecular NOEs will be sensitive to longer range distances than for nuclei with very different frequencies such as 1H and 7Li. In this contribution, we test this theory using a combination of quantitative HOESY analysis and molecular dynamics simulations carried out on two different ionic liquid electrolyte systems. In agreement with theoretical predictions, we find excellent correlations between the experimentally measured 1H-7Li NOEs and carbon-lithium distances below 4 Å, while longer distances (>6 Å) must be considered in order to obtain good correlations between 1H-19F NOEs and carbon-fluorine coordination numbers. This demonstrates the utility of HOESY NMR in understanding structure and interactions in ionic liquids while also illustrating that care must be taken in interpreting the measured cross-relaxation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alexandre Martin
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong , Victoria 3220 , Australia
- CEMHTI, CNRS UPR 3079 , Université Orléans , F45071 Orléans , France
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong , Victoria 3220 , Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong , Victoria 3220 , Australia
| | - Michaël Deschamps
- CEMHTI, CNRS UPR 3079 , Université Orléans , F45071 Orléans , France
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong , Victoria 3220 , Australia
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10
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Martin PA, Salager E, Forsyth M, O’Dell LA, Deschamps M. On the measurement of intermolecular heteronuclear cross relaxation rates in ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:13357-13364. [PMID: 29718051 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00911b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The HOESY (Heteronuclear Overhauser Effect SpectroscopY) NMR experiment is commonly used to study interactions and structuring in ionic liquids (ILs) via the measurement of the cross relaxation rate σ between two spins. In the intermolecular case, σ is proportional to r-n, where r is the internuclear distance and n can vary between 1 and 6 depending on the frequency of the nuclei and their dynamics, thus σ can potentially provide detailed information on the liquid phase structure. However, in HOESY studies of ILs only relative values for σ are typically reported, making comparisons between different samples difficult. Herein we discuss the quantitative measurement of intermolecular cross relaxation rates based on the normalisation of HOESY signal intensities to the nuclear Boltzmann polarisation, demonstrated for 7Li-1H spin pairs in a lithium-containing pyrrolidinum-based ionic liquid electrolyte. We also use a simple model based on diffusing hard spheres for interpreting these quantities in terms of a distance of closest approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elodie Salager
- CEMHTI
- CNRS UPR 3079
- Université d'Orléans
- F45071 Orléans
- France
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials
- Deakin University
- Geelong
- Australia
| | - Luke A. O’Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials
- Deakin University
- Geelong
- Australia
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11
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Sani MA, Martin PA, Yunis R, Chen F, Forsyth M, Deschamps M, O'Dell LA. Probing Ionic Liquid Electrolyte Structure via the Glassy State by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1007-1011. [PMID: 29420892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been used to study an ionic liquid salt solution (N-methyl-N-propyl-pyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, C3mpyrFSI, containing 1.0 m lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, 6LiFSI) in its glassy state at a temperature of 92 K. The incorporation of a biradical to enable DNP signal enhancement allowed the proximities of the lithium to the individual carbon sites on the pyrrolidinium cation to be probed using a 13C-6Li REDOR pulse sequence. Distributions in Li-C distances were extracted and converted into a 3D map of the locations of the Li+ relative to the C3mpyr that shows remarkably good agreement with a liquid-phase molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Sani
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Martin
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- CEMHTI, CNRS UPR 3079, Université d'Orléans , F45071 Orléans, France
- RS2E, FR CNRS 3459 , 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Ruhamah Yunis
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Michaël Deschamps
- CEMHTI, CNRS UPR 3079, Université d'Orléans , F45071 Orléans, France
- RS2E, FR CNRS 3459 , 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
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12
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Nanda R, Damodaran K. A review of NMR methods used in the study of the structure and dynamics of ionic liquids. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:62-72. [PMID: 28921712 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, NMR spectroscopy has been emerging out as a powerful tool to study the structure and dynamics of ionic liquids (ILs) and ILs-Li+ salt mixtures. This mini-review primarily focuses on the applications of various NMR spectroscopic techniques such as self-diffusion measurements, NMR relaxometry, two-dimensional NMR, and other novel NMR approaches to study the structure and dynamics of ILs and its mixtures with lithium salts. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Krishnan Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
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13
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Lingscheid Y, Paul M, Bröhl A, Neudörfl JM, Giernoth R. Determination of inter-ionic and intra-ionic interactions in a monofluorinated imidazolium ionic liquid by a combination of X-ray crystallography and NOE NMR spectroscopy. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:80-85. [PMID: 28497466 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the very first application of a Transient 1D 1 H{19 F} NOE NMR experiment in neat ionic liquids. In comparison with classical 2D HOESY NMR spectroscopy, a substantial reduction in measurement time is gained with comparable quality and information content of the spectra. In combination with classical X-ray crystallography, we have applied this technique for the determination of inter-ionic distances (i.e. probabilities of presence) utilizing an ionic liquid containing a monofluorinated imidazolium cation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Lingscheid
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mathias Paul
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Bröhl
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Giernoth
- Department für Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Cologne, Germany
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Casalegno M, Raos G, Appetecchi GB, Passerini S, Castiglione F, Mele A. From Nanoscale to Microscale: Crossover in the Diffusion Dynamics within Two Pyrrolidinium-Based Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5196-5202. [PMID: 28976762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the ion motion in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) is critical for their applications in a number of fields, from lithium batteries to dye-sensitized solar cells. Experiments on a limited number of RTILs have shown that on macroscopic time scales the ions typically undergo conventional, Gaussian diffusion. On shorter time scales, however, non-Gaussian behavior has been observed, similar to supercooled fluids, concentrated colloidal suspensions, and more complex systems. Here we characterize the diffusive motion of ionic liquids based on the N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium (PYR14) cation and bis(trifluoro methanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) or bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI) anions. A combination of pulsed gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrates a crossover from subdiffusive behavior to conventional Gaussian diffusion at ∼10 ns. The deconvolution of molecular displacements into a continuous spectrum of diffusivities shows that the short-time behavior is related to the effects of molecular caging. For PYR14FSI, we identify the change of short-range ion-counterion associations as one possible mechanism triggering long-range displacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosè Casalegno
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano , Piazza L. Da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Guido Raos
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano , Piazza L. Da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Appetecchi
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Materials and Physicochemical Processes Laboratory , Via Anguillarese 301, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , P.O. Box 3640, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Franca Castiglione
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano , Piazza L. Da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano , Piazza L. Da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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