Preparation of BSA nanoparticles using aqueous urea at T = 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K as a function of temperature

Dopamine-Conjugated Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Containing pH-Responsive Catechol-V(III) Coordination for In Vitro and In Vivo Drug Delivery

V(III) instead of commonly used Fe(III) provided a rich tris-catechol-metal coordination at pH 7.4, which is important for slow drug release at physiological pH. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) functionalized with catechol-containing dopamine (D) and cross-linked using tris-catechol-V(III) coordination yielded pH-responsive compact D-BSA NPs (253 nm). However, conversion to bis- and/or mono-catechol-V(III) complexes in an acidic medium resulted in degradation of NPs and rapid release of doxorubicin (DOX). It was shown that D-BSA NPs entered cancerous MCF-7 cells (66%) more efficiently than non-cancerous HEK293T (33%) in 3 h. Also, DOX-loaded NPs reduced cell viability of MCF-7 by 75% and induced apoptosis in a majority of cells after 24 h. Biodegradability and lack of hemolytic activity were shown in vitro, whereas a lack of toxicity was shown in histological sections of zebrafish. Furthermore, 30% of circulating tumor cells in vasculature in 24 h were killed by DOX-loaded NPs shown with the zebrafish CTC xenograft model.

Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Optimization and Immobilization with Antituberculosis Drugs

The aim of this study was to create nanoparticles of human serum albumin immobilized with anti-TB drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid) using the desolvation method. Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to study the effect of albumin, urea, L-cysteine, rifampicin and isoniazid concentration on particle size, polydispersity and loading degree of the drugs. The optimized nanoparticles were spherical in shape with an average particle size of 216.7 ± 3.7 nm and polydispersity of 0.286 ± 4.9. The loading degree of rifampicin and isoniazid in the optimized nanoparticles were 44% and 27%, respectively. The obtained nanoparticles were examined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); the results showed the absence of drug-polymer interactions. The drug release from the polymer matrix was studied using dialysis membranes.

Biological sample preparation by using restricted-access nanoparticles prepared from bovine serum albumin: application to liquid chromatographic determination of β-blockers

Restricted-access nanoparticles (RANPs) were prepared from bovine serum albumin by coacervation. They have an average sized of 311 nm. They were characterized and used to capture the β-blockers atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol from untreated biological samples. It is shown that both high protein affinity drugs (propranolol) and low protein affinity drugs (atenolol) could be rapidly extracted from plasma. This is revealed by kinetic and isothermal adsorption studies. On the other hand, almost all proteins from the sample were excluded. This demonstrates the efficiency of RANPs as restricted-access material. Sample preparation was carried out by solid phase microextraction using a probe obtained by the fixation of the RANPs at the end of a glass capillary. Atenolol (in concentrations from 100 to 1200 μg L^-1), metoprolol (from 80 to 1000 μg L^-1) and propranolol (from 15 to 200 μg L^-1) were extracted from spiked plasma samples and analyzed by LC MS/MS without using a separation column. Correlation coefficients >0.99, good precision, accuracy, robustness, and lack of memory effects were observed for all of the analytes. The detection limits (at an S/N of 3) are 25.6, 14.6, and 3.8 μg L^-1 for atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol, respectively. Ten samples can be simultaneously extracted within ∼15 min. Plasma samples of patients undergoing medical treatment were successfully analyzed with the method. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of a bovine serum albumin-based restricted access nanoparticle that exclude proteins from a human plasma sample but capture the small analytes.

Co(III) based surfactant complexes and their Dye, BSA and free radical activities

Study reports the preparation of metal/surfactant complexes or Metal Organic Ionic Framework (MOIF) based on ionic interaction of [Co(NH3)6]3+ and Dioctyl sulfosuccinate (AOT)/Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). MOIF is result of strong ionic interaction between cationic and anionic moieties without disturbing their own structures. MOIF of [Co(NH3)6]3+ and SDS was found in solid powdery form while [Co(NH3)6]3+ + AOT produced sticky material. UV/Vis, FTIR, Raman and XRD measurements were used to characterize the MOIFs. The ionic interaction between cationic complex [Co(NH3)6]3+ and anionic sulphur of AOT/SDS was confirmed by comparing spectra with their parental moieties. MOIF containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups showed their dye interaction activity studied with methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) depicting impact of linear and iso-alkyl chain ánd hydrophilic amine groups. MOIF showed their protein binding nature, studied with bovine serum albumin (BSA), analyzed with spectrophotometric titrations revealing that hydrophobicity affects the interaction. In Dye and protein interactions, MOIF of [Co(NH3)6]3+ + AOT showed strong activities than MOIF of [Co(NH3)6]3+ + SDS due to more hydrophobicity associated with MOIF of [Co(NH3)6]3+ + AOT. MOIFs have also shown good scavenging effect tested in vitro against free radical, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and the same, strong interaction for MOIF of [Co(NH3)6]3+ + AOT noticed.