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Ijaz Khan M, Ali A, Hayat T, Alsaedi A. Entropy optimized dissipative CNTs based flow with probable error and statistical declaration. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 185:105137. [PMID: 31671339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CNTs are categorized subject to their structures i.e., SWCNTs (single wall nanotubes), DWCNTs (double wall nanotubes) and MWCNTs (multi-wall nanotubes). The various structures have distinct characteristics that make the nanotubes suitable for various physical applications. It is due their unique electrical, mechanical and thermal attributes CNTs present thrilling opportunities for mechanical engineering, industrial, scientific research and commercial applications. There is fruitful potential for carbon nanotubes in the composites business and industry. Today, CNTs find utilization in frequent various products, and analyst continue to explore new applications. Currently applications comprise wind turbines, bicycle components, scanning probe microscopes, flat panel displays, marine paints, sensing devices, electronics, batteries with longer lifetime and electrical circuitry etc. Such applications in mind, entropy optimized dissipative CNTs based flow of nanomaterial by a stretched surface. Flow is caused due to stretching phenomenon and studied in 3D coordinates. Both types of CNTs are studied i.e., SWCNTs and MWCNTs. CNTs are considered for nanoparticles and water for continuous phase fluid. Special consideration is given to the analysis of statistical declaration and probable error for skin friction and Nusselt number. Furthermore, entropy rate is calculated. Entropy rate is discussed in the presence of four main irreversibilities i.e., heat transfer, Joule heating, porosity and dissipation. METHOD Homotopy technique is utilized to develop the convergence series solutions. RESULTS Impacts of sundry variables subject to both SWCNTs (single) and MWCNTs (multi) are graphically discussed. Statistical analysis and probable error for surface drag force and Nusselt number are numerically calculated subject to various flow variables. Numerical results for such engineering quantities are displayed through tables. In addition, comparative analysis for SWCNTs and MWCNTs are presented for the velocity, concentration and thermal fields. CONCLUSIONS Results for entropy rate is calculated in the presence of various sundry variable through implementation of second law of thermodynamics. It is examined from the results that velocity decreases for both CNTs via higher magnetic, inertia coefficient and porosity parameters. Secondary velocity i.e., velocity in g-direction boosts up versus rotation parameter while it declines for larger slip parameter for both CNTs. thermal field intensifies for both CNTs via larger heat generation/absorption parameter. Concentration which shows the mass transfer of species increases subject to higher homogeneous parameter and Schmidt number in case of both CNTs. Entropy rate in more for larger magnetic, Reynolds number and slip parameter. Bejan number boosts up for higher Reynold number and slip parameter while it declines for magnetic parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320 Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Arfan Ali
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320 Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - T Hayat
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320 Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alsaedi
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Alsaadi FE, Hayat T, Khan MI, Alsaadi FE. Heat transport and entropy optimization in flow of magneto-Williamson nanomaterial with Arrhenius activation energy. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 183:105051. [PMID: 31526945 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A newly developed approach in the field of nanotechnology for solving problems and collection of information is the use of nanoparticles. This idea has been further utilized in a better way in pharmaceutical industries. By using nanotechnology, the field of pharmaceutical science has been modernized and redeveloped. The use of nanotechnology in such industries has convinced the scientist to obtain more economical and easier applications. Therefore, with such effectiveness in mind, a theoretical study has been conducted to examine the effects of nonlinear radiative heat flux and magnetohydrodynamics for nanomaterial flow of Williamson fluid over a convectively heated stretchable surface. Brownian diffusion is utilized in mathematical modeling. Furthermore, heat source/sink, viscous dissipation and nonlinear radiative heat flux are examined. Convective boundary condition is implemented. Salient effects of chemical reaction and Arrhenius activation energy in mass transfer are considered. Total entropy rate is obtained through implementation of thermodynamics second law. METHODS The nonlinear PDEs are reduced into ordinary ones by appropriate similarity transformations. A semi-analytical technique i.e., homotopy method is implemented to obtain the convergent series solutions. RESULTS The obtained results indicate that the velocity of fluid particles increases versus higher fluid parameter. Schmidt number and activation energy variable have opposite effect on concentration. Entropy rate grows up with fluid parameter and Brinkman and Biot numbers while opposite trend is seen for Bejan number. CONCLUSIONS Velocity of the material particles declines through larger estimations of magnetic variable while it upsurges for higher fluid parameter. Thermal distribution shows similar impact for radiative and magnetic variables. Mass concentration decreases against chemical reaction parameter while it increases via activation energy variable. Entropy and Bejan numbers show opposite impacts versus Brinkman number. Skin friction coefficient increases through larger Weissenberg number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz E Alsaadi
- Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Hayat
- Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - M Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Fuad E Alsaadi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Hayat T, Aslam N, Ijaz Khan M, Imran Khan M, Alsaedi A. MHD peristaltic motion of Johnson-Segalman fluid in an inclined channel subject to radiative flux and convective boundary conditions. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 180:104999. [PMID: 31421603 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.104999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In abundant of a digestive tract like smooth muscle tissue, human gastrointestinal tract contracts in sequence to generate a peristaltic wave, which pushes a food along the tract. The peristaltic motion contains circular relaxation smooth muscles, then their shrinkage (contraction) behind the chewed material to keep it from moving backward, then longitudinal contraction to shove it ahead. Therefore, we have conducted a theoretical investigation on peristaltic transport in flow of Johnson-Segalman liquid subject to inclined magnetic field. The energy equation is developed with extra heat transport assumptions like thermal radiative flux and dissipation. The channel walls are heated convectively. METHODS Dimensionless problems subject to small Reynolds number and long wavelength are tackled. Perturbation technique is implemented for small Weissenberg number. RESULTS The physical importance of involved parameters that directly affect the heat transfer rate temperature and velocity. The pertinent variables are amplitude ratio, wave number, Reynolds number, Hartman number, Prandtl number, Weissenberg number, thermal radiative heat flux, Biot number, elasticity variables and Froude number are graphically discussed. The obtained outcome shows that the velocity field increases against higher values of elasticity variables but velocity the material decays through higher fluid parameter. Temperature field declines through higher Hartman number. Furthermore, it is also examined that the heat transfer rate decays against rising Hartman number. CONCLUSIONS The impact of complaint walls on radiative peristaltic transport of Johnson-Segalman liquid in symmetric channel subject to inclined angle. The influence of Johnson-Segalman variable on the velocity field shows decreasing behavior. Velocity also declines against larger Hartman number. Temperature and heat transfer rate boosts through rising values of E1 E2 while decays versus larger E3. Furthermore, reduction in heat transfer coefficient is observed when the values of α and Br are increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hayat
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseema Aslam
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - M Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - M Imran Khan
- Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh Campus, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom.
| | - A Alsaedi
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Khan MI, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Khan NB. Modeling and computational analysis of hybrid class nanomaterials subject to entropy generation. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 179:104973. [PMID: 31443855 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Nanoliquids are dilute suspensions of nanoparticles with at least one of their principal dimensions smaller than 100 nm. Form literature, nanoliquids have been found to possess increased thermos-physical characteristics like thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity, convective heat transport coefficients and viscosity associated to those of continuous phase liquids foe example oil, ethylene glycol and water. Nanoliquids have novel characteristics that make them possibly beneficial in numerous applications in heat transport like fuel cells, microelectronics, hybrid-powered engines, pharmaceutical processes, domestic refrigerator, engine cooling thermal management, chiller and heat exchanger. The above applications of nanofluids/hybrid nanofluids insist the researchers and engineers to develop new methodologies and technique in the field of heat transport. Therefore, we have considered mixed convective flow hybrid nanomaterial over a convectively heated surface of disk. Flow nature is discussed due to stretchable rotating surface of disk. Applied magnetic field is accounted. Ohmic heating and dissipation effects are utilized in the modeling of energy expression. Total entropy rate is calculated. METHODS Suitable transformation leads to ordinary differential equations. Shooting method is implemented for numerical outcomes. Comparative analysis is made for the present result with published ones. RESULTS The effects of key parameters like magnetic parameter, mixed convection variable and Eckert and Biot numbers on the dimensionless velocity, surface drag force, temperature, (heat transfer rate) Nusselt number and entropy rate are discussed in detail and presented graphically. Furthermore, the outcomes demonstrate that velocity of liquid particles decline against magnetic parameter. Temperature and associated layer upsurge versus magnetic parameter and Eckert number. Skin friction coefficient (drag force) improves through higher values of stretching and magnetic variables. Heat transfer rate is more for higher Eckert number and magnetic parameter. Entropy rate is also enhances against Eckert number and Brickman number. CONCLUSIONS Magnitude of surface drag force increases for higher values of stretching and magnetic variables. Magnitude of heat transfer rate is more when magnetic variable and Eckert number attain the maximum values. Brinkman number is used to decrease the entropy rate. Furthermore, velocity and temperature show contrast behavior versus magnetic parameter i.e., velocity of fluid particles decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - A Alsaedi
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Hayat
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niaz B Khan
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Bödewadt Flow Over a Permeable Disk with Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Reactions: A Numerical Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9194046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the onset of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions in Bödewadt flow occurring over an isothermal and permeable surface. This research is based on the assumption that the homogeneous (bulk) reaction follows isothermal cubic autocatalator kinetics, whereas the surface reaction is governed by first-order kinetics. The heat energy released during the chemical reaction is assumed to be negligible. The governing equations are reducible to a set of self-similar equations, which are handled numerically. Asymptotic analysis was conducted, which revealed that the existence of a concentration boundary layer on the disk is possible only when the disk is subjected to a sufficient amount of suction. In a large suction situation, an exact formula for concentration profile ϕ was derived that strongly supports the obtained numerical solution. Our results demonstrate the mass transfer parameter considerably alters flow fields. The concentration at the wall varies substantially when the chemical reaction proceeds at a faster rate.
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Farooq S, Khan MI, Hayat T, Waqas M, Alsaedi A. Theoretical investigation of peristalsis transport in flow of hyperbolic tangent fluid with slip effects and chemical reaction. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rashid S, Khan MI, Hayat T, Ayub M, Alsaedi A. Theoretical and analytical analysis of shear rheology of Oldroyd-B fluid with homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-01037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hayat T, Rashid M, Khan MI, Alsaedi A. Physical Aspects of MHD Nonlinear Radiative Heat Flux in Flow of Thixotropic Nanomaterial. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-019-00688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kandasamy R, Atikah bt Adnan N, Radiah M, Kamarulzaki M. Electric field strength on MHD aluminum alloys (AA7075) nanofluid flow. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-018-0014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Analytical Solution of Electrical Conducting Water-Based (KKL Model) Nanofluid Flow Over a Linearly Stretching Sheet. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-018-0596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Alsaedi A, Khan MI, Hayat T. Recent progresses about statistical declaration and probable error for surface drag force of chemically reactive squeezing flow with temperature dependent thermal conductivity. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s021963361750064x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This communication addresses unsteady squeezing flow of second grade liquid. NonFourier heat flux model is implemented to discuss heat transfer features subject to heat generation/absorption. Homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions are addressed. Firstly, the problems are nondimensionalized by suitable variables and then solutions for strong nonlinear systems are presented. Convergence region is particularly determined for obtained solutions. Statistical declaration and probable error for drag force are computed. Velocity is found to decay for larger estimation of fluid parameter while thermal and concentration fields are enhanced for higher heat generation and squeezing parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Alsaedi
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - T. Hayat
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Hayat T, Khan M, Khan MI, Alsaedi A, Ayub M. Electromagneto squeezing rotational flow of Carbon (C)-Water (H2O) kerosene oil nanofluid past a Riga plate: A numerical study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180976. [PMID: 28813427 PMCID: PMC5559078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article predicts the electromagneto squeezing rotational flow of carbon-water nanofluid between two stretchable Riga plates. Riga plate is known as electromagnetic actuator which is the combination of permanent magnets and a span wise aligned array of alternating electrodes mounted on a plane surface. Mathematical model is developed for the flow problem with the phenomena of melting heat transfer, viscous dissipation and heat generation/absorption. Water and kerosene oil are utilized as the base fluids whereas single and multi-wall carbon nanotubes as the nanomaterials. Numerical solutions of the dimensionless problems are constructed by using built in shooting method. The correlation expressions for Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient are developed and examined through numerical data. Characteristics of numerous relevant parameters on the dimensionless temperature and velocity are sketched and discussed. Horizontal velocity is found to enhance for higher modified Hartman number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasawar Hayat
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mumtaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ahmed Alsaedi
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Hayat T, Shah F, Alsaedi A, Khan MI. Development of homogeneous/heterogeneous reaction in flow based through non-Darcy Forchheimer medium. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633617500456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective here is to analyze the influence of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions in flow induced by convectively heated sheet with nonlinear velocity and variable thickness. Porous medium effect is characterized by Darcy–Forchheimer consideration. A simple isothermal model of homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions is used to regulate the temperature of stretched surface. Thermodynamics processes of homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions analyze the effect of temperature phase changes. Resulting problems are computed for the convergent solutions of velocity, temperature and concentration. Analysis for the influential variables on the physical quantities is graphically examined. Our computed results interpret that velocity field decays for larger magnetic parameter while temperature field enhances for higher estimation of Biot number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasawar Hayat
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Shah
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Alsaedi
- Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ijaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Base fluids with CNTs as nanoparticles through non-Darcy porous medium in convectively heated flow: A comparative study. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Squeezing flow of second grade liquid subject to non-Fourier heat flux and heat generation/absorption. Colloid Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-017-4089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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