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Alizadeh Sahraei A, Azizi D, Mokarizadeh AH, Boffito DC, Larachi F. Emerging Trends of Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling in Froth Flotation: A Review. ACS ENGINEERING AU 2023; 3:128-164. [PMID: 37362006 PMCID: PMC10288516 DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.2c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Froth flotation is the most versatile process in mineral beneficiation, extensively used to concentrate a wide range of minerals. This process comprises mixtures of more or less liberated minerals, water, air, and various chemical reagents, involving a series of intermingled multiphase physical and chemical phenomena in the aqueous environment. Today's main challenge facing the froth flotation process is to gain atomic-level insights into the properties of its inherent phenomena governing the process performance. While it is often challenging to determine these phenomena via trial-and-error experimentations, molecular modeling approaches not only elicit a deeper understanding of froth flotation but can also assist experimental studies in saving time and budget. Thanks to the rapid development of computer science and advances in high-performance computing (HPC) infrastructures, theoretical/computational chemistry has now matured enough to successfully and gainfully apply to tackle the challenges of complex systems. In mineral processing, however, advanced applications of computational chemistry are increasingly gaining ground and demonstrating merit in addressing these challenges. Accordingly, this contribution aims to encourage mineral scientists, especially those interested in rational reagent design, to become familiarized with the necessary concepts of molecular modeling and to apply similar strategies when studying and tailoring properties at the molecular level. This review also strives to deliver the state-of-the-art integration and application of molecular modeling in froth flotation studies to assist either active researchers in this field to disclose new directions for future research or newcomers to the field to initiate innovative works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Alizadeh Sahraei
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Université
Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dariush Azizi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique
de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Abdol Hadi Mokarizadeh
- School
of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Daria Camilla Boffito
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, École Polytechnique
de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Faïçal Larachi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Université
Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
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Oikonomidou O, Kostoglou M, Karapantsios T. Structure Identification of Adsorbed Anionic-Nonionic Binary Surfactant Layers Based on Interfacial Shear Rheology Studies and Surface Tension Isotherms. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052276. [PMID: 36903522 PMCID: PMC10005108 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixtures of anionic sodium oleate (NaOl) and nonionic ethoxylated or alkoxylated surfactants improve the selective separation of magnesite particles from mineral ores during the process of flotation. Apart from triggering the hydrophobicity of magnesite particles, these surfactant molecules adsorb to the air-liquid interface of flotation bubbles, changing the interfacial properties and thus affecting the flotation efficiency. The structure of adsorbed surfactants layers at the air-liquid interface depends on the adsorption kinetics of each surfactant and the reformation of intermolecular forces upon mixing. Up to now, researchers use surface tension measurements to understand the nature of intermolecular interactions in such binary surfactant mixtures. Aiming to adapt better to the dynamic character of flotation, the present work explores the interfacial rheology of NaOl mixtures with different nonionic surfactants to study the interfacial arrangement and viscoelastic properties of adsorbed surfactants under the application of shear forces. Interfacial shear viscosity results reveal the tendency on nonionic molecules to displace NaOl molecules from the interface. The critical nonionic surfactant concentration needed to complete NaOl displacement at the interface depends on the length of its hydrophilic part and on the geometry of its hydrophobic chain. The above indications are supported by surface tension isotherms.
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Microscopic adsorption properties of methyl acrylate on lignite surface: Experiment and molecular simulation study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Qin W, Hu J, Zhu H, Jiao F, Pan Z, Jia W, Han J, Chen C. Selective inhibition mechanism of PBTCA on flotation separation of magnesite from calcite. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Luo Y, Ou L, Chen J, Zhang G, Xia Y, Zhu B, Zhou H. Effects of defects and impurities on the adsorption of H2O on smithsonite (101) surfaces: Insight from DFT-D and MD. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Sodium tripolyphosphate as a selective depressant for separating magnesite from dolomite and its depression mechanism. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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The Flotation Separation of Magnesite and Limonite Using an Amine Collector. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5534274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to reduce the iron impurities in magnesite ore and improve the purity of magnesium products, the difference in floatability between magnesite and limonite has been studied by using mixtures with a collecting agent—KD (cationic amine collectors, containing soluble components). Sodium hexametaphosphate, pH, sodium silicate, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were used as regulators. Adsorption mechanisms of the reagents on minerals were analyzed by a zeta potential analyzer and infrared spectroscopy. Sodium silicate increased the floatability of both minerals at 11.6. All the three regulators reduced the zeta potential of both minerals, while KD increased the zeta potential of magnesite and decreased the zeta potential of limonite. All the three regulators were likely chemically adsorbed on the surface of both minerals; KD has electrostatic adsorption on the surface of the minerals.
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Yang B, Yin W, Zhu Z, Sun H, Sheng Q, Fu Y, Yao J, Zhao K. Differential adsorption of hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride as an eco-friendly depressant for the selective flotation of apatite from dolomite. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Molecular dynamics simulation of magnesite and dolomite in relation to flotation with cetyl phosphate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
The way to successfully upgrade a phosphate ore is based on the full understanding of its mineralogy, minerals surface properties, minerals distribution and liberation. The conception of a treatment process consists of choosing the proper operations with an adequate succession depending on the ore properties. Usually, froth flotation takes place in phosphate enrichment processes, since it is cheap, convenient, and well developed. Nevertheless, it is a complex technique as it depends on the mineral’s superficial properties in aqueous solutions. Aspects such as wettability, surface charge, zeta potential, and the solubility of minerals play a basic role in defining the flotation conditions. These aspects range from the reagents type and dosage to the pH of the pulp. Other variables namely particles size, froth stability, and bubbles size play critical roles during the treatment, as well. The overall aim is to control the selectivity and recovery of the process. The following review is an attempt to add to previous works gathering phosphate froth flotation data. In that sense, the relevant parameters of phosphate ores flotation are discussed while focusing on apatite, calcite, dolomite, and quartz as main constituent minerals.
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Sun H, Han F, Yin WZ, Hong J, Yang B. Modification of selectivity in the flotation separation of magnesite from dolomite. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wang Z, Si J, Song Z, Zhang P, Wang J, Hao Y, Li W, Zhang P, Miao S. Precise and instrumental measurement of thermodynamics and kinetics of froth flotation by langmuir-blodgett technique. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yang B, Wang D, Cao S, Yin W, Xue J, Zhu Z, Fu Y, Yao J. Selective adsorption of a high-performance depressant onto dolomite causing effective flotation separation of magnesite from dolomite. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:290-303. [PMID: 32531559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This research focused on the adsorption features and depression mechanism of 1-hydroxyethylene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) used as a novel dolomite depressant on dolomite and magnesite surfaces, to extend the application of HEDP for the selective flotation of magnesite from dolomite. The depression impacts of HEDP on the flotation behaviors of the two minerals were investigated through micro-flotation tests. The flotation results indicated that, when sodium oleate (NaOl) was used as the collector, HEDP displayed an outstanding depression effect on the dolomite flotation, whereas it had only a slight influence on the magnesite flotation. Dolomite and magnesite could be efficiently separated at approximately pH 10 with a reagent scheme of 200 mg/L HEDP and 120 mg/L NaOl. The selective depression mechanism of HEDP for dolomite was revealed using contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), zeta potential, and infrared spectrum (IR) analyses. The results from the contact angle tests indicated that HEDP selectively reduced the surface hydrophobicity of dolomite in the NaOl system. Besides, zeta-potential measurements and IR analyses revealed that the addition of HEDP prior to NaOl had no significant impact on the adsorption of NaOl onto magnesite; however, this addition strongly prevented NaOl from being adsorbed onto dolomite, resulting in a significant difference in the flotation performances of the two minerals. Furthermore, crystal chemistry calculations and XPS analyses confirmed that the strong adsorption of HEDP on the dolomite surface could be attributed to the interaction between the HEDP electron-rich groups and the calcium species exposed to dolomite. Thus, HEDP could be used as a high-performance depressant for the dolomite flotation to realize the decalcification of the magnesite flotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China
| | - Shaohang Cao
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China
| | - Wanzhong Yin
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China; Genetic Mineral Processing Research Center, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jiwei Xue
- School of Resources Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Zhanglei Zhu
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China.
| | - Yafeng Fu
- College of Mining Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
| | - Jin Yao
- School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China; Genetic Mineral Processing Research Center, Shenyang 110819, China
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Sun W, Liu W, Dai S, Yang T, Duan H, Liu W. Effect of Tween 80 on flotation separation of magnesite and dolomite using NaOL as the collector. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tang Y, Kelebek S, Yin W. Surface chemistry of magnesite and calcite flotation and molecular dynamics simulation of their cetyl phosphate adsorption. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Cetyl Phosphate Adsorption in Flotation of Magnesite and Pertinent Chemical Aspects. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10090761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Magnesite ores are important resources in the production of value-added magnesium materials. Generally, low selectivity of conventional collectors and the requirement of a large amount of depressant has been a motivation for researchers to identify alternate collectors. In this work, the role of potassium cetyl phosphate (PCP) as a new collector in magnesite flotation is investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and chemical equilibria, electrokinetics and wettability. The results indicate that PCP exhibits a strong collecting ability for magnesite particles even with low concentrations. The presence of PCP leads to significant alterations in the electric double layer and contact angle behavior of magnesite, which results in rapid adsorption of PCP on magnesite surface. The results from chemical computations show that the monoanionic forms of PCP are the dominant species in the weakly acidic pH range, where monohydroxy magnesium species and the ion concentration of magnesite in suspension can be controlled by adjusting pH. The adsorption models indicate that the stable adsorption of PCP on magnesite surfaces occurs spontaneously, supporting the potentiality for selective magnesite flotation in its separation from other carbonate minerals.
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Yao J, Sun H, Yang B, Zhou Y, Yin W, Zhu Z. Selective co-adsorption of a novel mixed collector onto magnesite surface to improve the flotation separation of magnesite from dolomite. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Xu L, Jiao F, Jia W, Pan Z, Hu C, Qin W. Selective flotation separation of spodumene from feldspar using mixed anionic/nonionic collector. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu W, Liu W, Zhao B, Zhao L, Li D, Fang P, Liu W. Novel insights into the adsorption mechanism of the isopropanol amine collector on magnesite ore: A combined experimental and theoretical computational study. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang H, Han C, Liu W, Hou D, Wei D. The chain length and isomeric effects of monohydric alcohols on the flotation of magnesite and dolomite by sodium oleate. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Effect of Chain Length Compatibility of Alcohols on Muscovite Flotation by Dodecyl Amine. MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8040168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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