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Krebs F, Zagst H, Stein M, Ratih R, Minkner R, Olabi M, Hartung S, Scheller C, Lapizco-Encinas BH, Sänger-van de Griend C, García CD, Wätzig H. Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: Method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications-Updated and completely revised edition. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1279-1341. [PMID: 37537327 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
This review is in support of the development of selective, precise, fast, and validated capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods. It follows up a similar article from 1998, Wätzig H, Degenhardt M, Kunkel A. "Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications," pointing out which fundamentals are still valid and at the same time showing the enormous achievements in the last 25 years. The structures of both reviews are widely similar, in order to facilitate their simultaneous use. Focusing on pharmaceutical and biological applications, the successful use of CE is now demonstrated by more than 600 carefully selected references. Many of those are recent reviews; therefore, a significant overview about the field is provided. There are extra sections about sample pretreatment related to CE and microchip CE, and a completely revised section about method development for protein analytes and biomolecules in general. The general strategies for method development are summed up with regard to selectivity, efficiency, precision, analysis time, limit of detection, sample pretreatment requirements, and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finja Krebs
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Holger Zagst
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Matthias Stein
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Ratih Ratih
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Robert Minkner
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Mais Olabi
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Sophie Hartung
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Christin Scheller
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Blanca H Lapizco-Encinas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Cari Sänger-van de Griend
- Kantisto BV, Baarn, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carlos D García
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hermann Wätzig
- Institute, of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
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Hagarová I, Nemček L, Šebesta M, Zvěřina O, Kasak P, Urík M. Preconcentration and Separation of Gold Nanoparticles from Environmental Waters Using Extraction Techniques Followed by Spectrometric Quantification. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911465. [PMID: 36232767 PMCID: PMC9570491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantification of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) in environmental samples at ultratrace concentrations can be accurately performed by sophisticated and pricey analytical methods. This paper aims to challenge the analytical potential and advantages of cheaper and equally reliable alternatives that couple the well-established extraction procedures with common spectrometric methods. We discuss several combinations of techniques that are suitable for separation/preconcentration and quantification of AuNP in complex and challenging aqueous matrices, such as tap, river, lake, brook, mineral, and sea waters, as well as wastewaters. Cloud point extraction (CPE) has been successfully combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), chemiluminescence (CL), and total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF). The major advantage of this approach is the ability to quantify AuNP of different sizes and coatings in a sample with a volume in the order of milliliters. Small volumes of sample (5 mL), dispersive solvent (50 µL), and extraction agent (70 µL) were reported also for surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (SA-DLLME) coupled with electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS). The limits of detection (LOD) achieved using different combinations of methods as well as enrichment factors (EF) varied greatly, being 0.004–200 ng L−1 and 8–250, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Hagarová
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 845 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Nemček
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 845 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Šebesta
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 845 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ondřej Zvěřina
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University in Brno, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Martin Urík
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 845 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-9014-9392
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A review on extraction, preconcentration and speciation of metal ions by sustainable cloud point extraction. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pereira Neves H, Max Dias Ferreira G, Max Dias Ferreira G, Rodrigues de Lemos L, Dias Rodrigues G, Albis Leão V, Barbosa Mageste A. Liquid-liquid extraction of rare earth elements using systems that are more environmentally friendly: Advances, challenges and perspectives. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Chen X, Guo Z, Wei L, Liu Q, Zhao J. Use of a temperature-responsive polymer micelle in microextraction method combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nanomicellar Extraction of Polyphenols-Methodology and Applications Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111392. [PMID: 34768823 PMCID: PMC8584012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of the appropriate extraction method is crucial, especially for the receiving of active substances from plant material. The extraction using supercritical liquids and micellar-mediated extraction (MME) is the most advantageous among the alternative methods to classical solid-liquid extraction. However, the latter seems to be the best solution when the desired actives are polar. The following article presents a comprehensive review of the micellar-mediated extraction method in the last decade. The theoretical principle of the process was also refreshed and the current state of knowledge on the applications for analytical and manufacturing purposes was summarized.
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de Sousa PAR, Squissato AL, Munoz RAA, Coelho LM, de Melo EI, da Silva RAB. Cloud-point extraction associated with voltammetry: preconcentration and elimination of the sample matrix for trace determination of methyl parathion in honey. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5801-5814. [PMID: 33319873 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02057e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the association of cloud point extraction (CPE) and electroanalysis for the selective and sensitive determination of methyl parathion (MP) in honey. The CPE step provided the pre-concentration of MP from a complex sample, in which the optimized extraction parameters (Triton X-100 concentration of 0.75% w/v, NaCl concentration of 1.0% w/v and heating time of 30 min) were investigated using a factorial design (23). The detection of MP was performed using a cathodically pre-treated boron-doped diamond (BDD) working electrode and square wave voltammetry (SWV), after a suitable dilution of the CPE extract in Britton-Robinson buffer pH 6.0 as the supporting electrolyte. MP presented three electrochemical processes over the BDD surface, but only the reduction peak at around -0.7 V was monitored for the MP determination (higher detectability). Improved reproducibility was reached by applying an in situ cleaning step (+2.0 V for 15 s) followed by a re-activation process (-2.0 V for 15 s) between measurements. Using the optimized variables, a linear range between 0.1 and 2.0 μmol L-1 was obtained for MP with a limit of detection of 0.006 μmol L-1, a 6-fold lower value when compared with the value attained without the CPE step. The experimental enrichment factor of MP was 6.1. Also, the optimized CPE allowed the determination of MP in honey samples with good accuracy (recovery between 94 and 106%), which was not possible using direct detection (without CPE) due to the matrix interference. This is the first paper that demonstrates the combination of CPE and electroanalysis for the determination of an organic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila A R de Sousa
- Federal University of Goias, Av. Dr. Lamartine Pinto de Avelar, 1120, Catalão, GO, Brazil
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Mai X, Liu Y, Tang X, Wang L, Lin Y, Zeng H, Luo L, Fan H, Li P. Sequential extraction and enrichment of flavonoids from Euonymus alatus by ultrasonic-assisted polyethylene glycol-based extraction coupled to temperature-induced cloud point extraction. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 66:105073. [PMID: 32247232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A green method for simultaneous extraction and enrichment of flavonoids from Euonymus alatus was developed by ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and temperature-induced cloud point extraction (TICPE) using PEG-base aqueous solution as the extractant. Based on screening different molecular weights of PEGs, PEG-400/water was used as the extractant, and the effects of key factors on extraction yields of flavonoids were investigated by single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions of UAE were as follows: PEG-400 concentration of 16% (w/w), particle size of 80 mesh, solvent-to-material ratio of 60:1, extraction temperature of 90 °C and extraction time of 15 min. The results obtained by validation experiments were consistent with the values predicted by RSM. Temperature-induced formation of the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) and TICPE process were further investigated by controlling temperature and adding (NH4)2SO4. In the presence of (NH4)2SO4, the ATPS formed at 75 ℃ and pH 3.5 could effectively improve separation and recovery of flavonoids with enrichment factor of above five times. Gallic acid, catechin, dihydromyricetin and ellagic acid in the extract were identified and confirmed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and the corresponding standards. The UAE-TICPE coupled to HPLC was successfully applied for extraction and determination of flavonoids in two batches of Euonymus alatus. The extraction yields of catechin, dihydromyricetin and total flavonoids were 0.377-0.684 mg/g, 1.091-1.353 mg/g and 2.612-3.146 mg/g, respectively. Compared to conventional extraction methods, PEG-based UAE integrated with TICPE in one-step procedure exhibited higher extraction efficiency and better extraction selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Mai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingtao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xunyou Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Public Laboratory of Analysis and Testing Technology, China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Public Laboratory of Analysis and Testing Technology, China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yuyang Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huiyun Zeng
- School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Laicheng Luo
- School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Huajun Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pingfan Li
- School of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Guangdong Industry Polytechnic, Guangzhou 510300, China
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Danish EY, Marwani HM, Almoslehi KF, Bakhsh EM. Adsorptive removal of lanthanum based on hydrothermally synthesized iron oxide-titanium oxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:5408-5417. [PMID: 31845276 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07072-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide-titanium oxide (Fe2O3-TiO2) nanoparticles were developed as an effective adsorbent in order to extract and remove lanthanum ions selectively from aqueous media. Fe2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by simple hydrothermal method and structurally characterized using FESEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and BET techniques. The analytical potential of Fe2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles was interpreted by applying the kinetic and isotherm models. The maximum static uptake capacity was 89.63 mgg- 1 at pH 7. Adsorption isotherm data evinced that a monolayer adsorption occurred on a homogeneous adsorbent surface which is compatible with Langmuir isotherm model. Data acquired from kinetic models study proved that La (III) adsorption onto Fe2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. Thermodynamic study exhibited that a spontaneous process is favorable for adsorption mechanism of La (III) on Fe2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles. Moreover, the existence of different coexisting ions did not influence the extraction of La (III). Finally, the recommended methodology was applied on several environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekram Y Danish
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hadi M Marwani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholoud F Almoslehi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa M Bakhsh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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López-Mayan J, Barciela-Alonso MC, Domínguez-González MR, Peña-Vázquez E, Bermejo-Barrera P. Cloud point extraction and ICP-MS for titanium speciation in water samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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