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Kordloo M, Khodadadmahmoudi G, Ebrahimi E, Rezaei A, Tohry A, Chehreh Chelgani S. Green hematite depression for reverse selective flotation separation from quartz by locust bean gum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8980. [PMID: 37268763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reverse cationic flotation is currently the main processing technique for upgrading fine hematite from silicates. Flotation is known as an efficient method of mineral enrichment that deals with possibly hazardous chemicals. Thus, using eco-friendly flotation reagents for such a process is an emerging need for sustainable development and green transition. As an innovative approach, this investigation explored the potential of locust bean gum (LBG) as a biodegradable depressant for the selective separation of fine hematite from quartz through reverse cationic flotation. Various flotation conditions (micro and batch flotation) were conducted, and the mechanisms of LBG adsorption have been examined by different analyses (contact angle measurement, surface adsorption, zeta potential measurements, and FT-IR analysis). The micro flotation outcome indicated that the LBG could selectively depress hematite particles with negligible effect on quartz floatability. Flotation of mixed minerals (hematite and quartz mixture in various ratios) indicated that LGB could enhance separation efficiency (hematite recovery > 88%). Outcomes of the surface wettability indicated that even in the presence of the collector (dodecylamine), LBG decreased the hematite work of adhesion and had a slight effect on quartz. The LBG adsorbed selectively by hydrogen bonding on the surface of hematite based on various surface analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Kordloo
- School of Mining Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Ebrahimi
- School of Mining Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rezaei
- School of Mining Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Tohry
- Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Yazd University, Yazd, 89195-741, Iran.
| | - Saeed Chehreh Chelgani
- Minerals and Metallurgical Engineering, Swedish School of Mines, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
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El-Bahi A, Taha Y, Ait-Khouia Y, Hakkou R, Benzaazoua M. Advancing phosphate ore minerals separation with sustainable flotation reagents: An investigation into highly selective biobased depressants. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 317:102921. [PMID: 37209485 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Froth flotation has been a commonly employed technique to enrich natural ores by removing impurities based on the surface properties of minerals. This process involves the use of various reagents, including collectors, depressants, frothers, and activators, which are often chemically synthesized and may represent environmental risks. Therefore, there is a growing need to develop biobased reagents that offer more sustainable alternatives. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the potential of biobased depressants as a sustainable alternative to traditional reagents in selective flotation process for phosphate ore minerals. To achieve this objective, the review investigates the extraction and the purification methods of different biobased depressants, analyzes the specific conditions for reagent interaction with minerals, and assess the biobased depressants' performance through a range of fundamental studies. These studies aim to (i) provide a better understanding of the adsorption behavior of some biobased depressants onto the surfaces of apatite, calcite, dolomite, and quartz comprised in different mineral systems by measuring their zeta potential and analyzing their Fourier transform infrared spectra before and after contact with these reagents, (ii) determine the depressants' adsorption amounts, (iii) evaluate their effect on the contact angle of bare minerals, and (iv) assess their ability to inhibit the flotation of the studied minerals. The outcomes revealed the potential use and the promising applicability of these unconventional reagents since their performance is comparable to that of conventional reagents. In addition to their good effectiveness, these biobased depressants have the added advantages of being cost effective, biodegradable, non-toxic, and ecofriendly. Nevertheless, further research and investigations are required to improve the selectivity and, consequently, the effectiveness of biobased depressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmae El-Bahi
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Yassine Taha
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco.
| | - Yassine Ait-Khouia
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Rachid Hakkou
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; IMED-Lab, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cadi Ayyad University (UCA), BP 549, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Mostafa Benzaazoua
- Geology & Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660. Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
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Martins RL, Fernandes de Magalhães L, Santos LH, Rodrigues da Silva G. The use of pracaxi oil collector in the selective flotation of xenotime from silicates. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15874. [PMID: 37215893 PMCID: PMC10192407 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare earth elements have played a key role in technological advancement, attracting great visibility in the global commodity market. Xenotime, a heavy rare earth resource (YPO4), can be found associated with granitic rocks, as in the Pitinga deposit, located in the Brazilian Amazon region, where the main gangue minerals are quartz, microcline and albite. This research investigates the application of a new collector produced from pracaxi oil, an Amazon oil abundant in Brazil, in the selective flotation between xenotime and its main gangue minerals. The study conducted the synthesis and characterization of the collector, the chemical, mineralogical and surface characterization of minerals, as well as the evaluation of collector adsorption and flotability via microflotation tests, zeta potential measurements, surface tension determination and XRD, WDXRF, ICP-MS, FTIR and XPS analyses. The pracaxi collector was found to be mainly composed of oleic acid (56.2%), linoleic acid (14.1%) and behenic acid (10.6%), in addition to exhibiting a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of approximately 150 mg/L. Microflotation tests indicated that the best condition for selective recovery of xenotime occur at alkaline condition (pH 9.0), presenting selectivity of approximately 90% with collector concentration of 10.0 mg/L. The zeta potential data confirmed a selective adsorption of pracaxi collector onto xenotime, with an increase in the surface charge from -30 mV to -68 mV, whereas no significant changes were detected in the silicates. The FTIR spectra showed the appearance of a band at 1545 cm-1 on the surface of the xenotime after collector adsorption, which indicates, along with the zeta potential data, the chemical nature of the adsorption. The presence of small amounts of iron in the lattice structure of silicate gangues can act as an activator, and therefore, may be responsible for the small flotability of these minerals. The performance of the pracaxi oil collector presented in this study indicates the great potential of this Amazonian oil for application in the selective flotation of xenotime ores found in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Lúcia Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Metallurgical, Materials and Mining Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro Henrique Santos
- Department of Mining and Civil Construction, Federal Centre of Technological Education of Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
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Zhang H, Sun W, Chen D, Lin S, Zhang C. Effects of Interfacial Hydroxylation Microstructure on Quartz Flotation by Sodium Oleate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2182-2191. [PMID: 36716219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Quartz, a common inorganic nonmetallic mineral, is usually removed or purified by beneficiation, normally flotation. Given the strong polarity of the quartz surface, it is easy to hydrate to form a hydroxylation layer, which makes it impossible to float quartz with sodium oleate (OL) used alone. An ideal flotation method for quartz is preactivation with Ca2+, followed by collection with OL. Herein, the effects of surface hydroxylation on the adsorption of the anionic collector OL on the quartz surface before and after Ca2+ activation are systematically investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results show that the displacement adsorption of surface hydroxyl substituted by OL- is not feasible in thermodynamics, and the OL- can only bind to the H atoms of the hydroxylated quartz surface via hydrogen bonds, namely, hydrogen binding adsorption. Due to the electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance effect induced by the surface hydroxylation structure, the adsorption ability of OL- on the quartz surface mediated by hydroxyl bridges is very weak, which is insufficient to realize quartz floating. However, Ca2+ ions are easily adsorbed on the hydroxylated quartz surface, providing favorable active sites for subsequent adsorption of OL-, thus becoming a credible solution for the industrial flotation of the strong hydrophilic mineral quartz. These findings shed some new insights for accurately understanding the flotation mechanism of strongly hydrophilic oxide minerals and are beneficial to promoting the development of mineral flotation fundamentals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, China
| | - Daixiong Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Complex Copper Lead Zinc Associated Metal Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hunan Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Changsha410100, China
| | - Shangyong Lin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Complex Copper Lead Zinc Associated Metal Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hunan Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Changsha410100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, China
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Yang Z, Han Y, Teng Q, Zhang G, Liu S. Aggregation characteristics of fine hematite particles suspension using xanthan gum in the presence of Fe(III). ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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The effect of collectors on froth stability of frother: Atomic-scale study by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhao L, Zhang G, Wang M, Zheng S, Li B. Selective separation of smithsonite from quartz by using sodium polyaspartate as a depressant. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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A novel depressant HPAM of the hematite in reverse cationic flotation of iron ore. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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SUN Y, CHEN J, GE W, LING Y, CHU X, MIN F. Insights into the influence mechanism of Mg2+ doping on hydration activity of kaolinite surface: A DFT calculation. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wang L, Huang H, Xue N, Zhang H, Li F. Selective flotation separation of apatite from calcite using hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride as an eco-friendly and efficient depressant. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Sun H, Niu F, Zhang J. Investigation on the flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite using calcium lignosulphonate as depressant. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Flotation Separation of Chalcopyrite and Talc Using Calcium Ions and Calcium Lignosulfonate as a Combined Depressant. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11040651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As a major gangue mineral in sulfide ores, talc is difficult to separate from chalcopyrite in the flotation process due to its natural floatability, which affects the subsequent smelting process. In this study, the effects of calcium ions and calcium lignosulfonate (CLS) as a combination depressant for talc were systematically investigated along with the fundamental mechanisms. The results of our flotation tests showed the talc floating can be effectively depressed via the combination depressant effect of calcium ions and CLS over the pH range of 6–12. Measurements of the adsorption capacity, zeta potential, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) showed an enhancement of the adsorption capacity and adsorption strength of CLS on the talc surface after calcium ions were added. This result indicates that calcium ions adsorbed onto the talc, neutralized the negative charge on the surface of talc, generated the binding site with CLS, and formed the [talc-Ca2+/Ca(OH)+-CLS] system by strong adsorption. Further, the coverage rate of CLS on talc was significantly improved after the addition of calcium ions, as shown in the AFM imaging.
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