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Gu Y, Zhou M, Tu H. Effect of linking groups and hydrophobic groups on properties of sulfate Gemini surfactants. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Zhou M, Deng X, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Ni R, Huang J. Oligomeric cationic Gemini surfactants: synthesis, surface activities and rheological properties as thickener. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/tsd-2022-2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, three oligomeric cationic Gemini surfactants (Ⅲ1, Ⅲ2, and Ⅲ3) were prepared from different major raw materials, including long-chain alkyl amine (dodecyl amine, tetradecyl amine or cetyl amine), formic acid, formaldehyde, diethyl amine hydrochloride and epichlorohydrin. The synthesis conditions for one of the three surfactants, bis-[2-hydroxy-3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecyl)propyl]dipropylammonium chloride (Ⅲ1), were optimised by orthogonal experiments. The optimum synthesis conditions were: molar ratio of intermediate Ⅱ to intermediate Ⅰ1 = 1.0:2.2, reaction temperature = 85 °C and reaction time = 16 h. The structures of the three prepared compounds were characterised by FTIR and 1H NMR. Their thermal properties were evaluated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The Geminisurfactants prepared exhibited better surface active properties than conventional single chain cationic surfactants. With increasing carbon chain length from C12 to C16, both CMC and surface tension γ
CMC decreased, while the viscosity of the thickening solution prepared with the synthesised oligomeric cationic Gemini surfactants as the main component increased. The optimum thickening formula was: 2.0 wt% Ⅲ3 + 0.8 wt% sodium salicylate (NaSal) + 0.6 wt% KCl. The viscosity of the optimum thickening formulation was 190.4 mPa s. Gemini oligomeric cationic surfactants could be used as thickeners in the production of fracturing fluids, flooding agents and drilling fluids for oil and gas production in oil fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
- Reach Center of Energy Polymer, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
| | - Xinyi Deng
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
- Reach Center of Energy Polymer, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
| | - Yiping Chen
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
- Reach Center of Energy Polymer, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
| | - Yaxiong Zhao
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
- Reach Center of Energy Polymer, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
| | - Ruifeng Ni
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
- Reach Center of Energy Polymer, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
| | - Jiangyu Huang
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
- Reach Center of Energy Polymer, Southwest Petroleum University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610500 , China
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Wen Z, Xiao P, Wang P, Han X, Ma J, Zhao S. Effect of Gemini surfactant structure on water/oil interfacial properties: A dissipative particle dynamics study. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Li C, Tai X, Wang T, Guo L, Bai Y, Ma Y. Effects of inorganic metal ions on the mixture of single polyoxyethylene chain carboxylate surfactant and Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactant. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00808d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anionic and cationic surfactants have high surface activity due to their strong synergistic effect. However, the traditional ionic surfactants with excellent application properties are easy to precipitate in the mixture...
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