Cytotoxic effect, spectroscopy, DFT, enzyme inhibition, and moleculer docking studies of some novel mesitylaminopropanols: Antidiabetic and anticholinergics and anticancer potentials

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 1-[6-bromo-2-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydroquinolin-4-yl]pyrrolidin-2-one

In the title compound, C19H18BrFN2O, the pyrrolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯O, C-H⋯O, C-H⋯F and C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network. In addition, C-H⋯π inter-actions connect mol-ecules into ribbons along the b-axis direction, consolidating the mol-ecular packing. The inter-molecular inter-actions in the crystal structure were qu-anti-fied and analysed using Hirshfeld surface analysis.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (Z)-4-oxo-4-{phen-yl[(thio-phen-2-yl)meth-yl]amino}-but-2-enoic acid

In the title compound, C15H13NO3S, the mol-ecular conformation is stable with the intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond forming a S(7) ring motif. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming C(8) chains running along the a-axis direction. Cohesion of the packing is provided by weak van der Waals inter-actions between the chains. A Hirshfeld surface analysis was undertaken to investigate and qu-antify the inter-molecular inter-actions. The thio-phene ring is disordered in a 0.9466 (17):0.0534 (17) ratio over two positions rotated by 180°.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3,3'-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(-oxy)]bis-(5,5-di-methyl-cyclo-hex-2-en-1-one) including an unknown solvate

The title mol-ecule, C18H26O4, consists of two symmetrical halves related by the inversion centre at the mid-point of the central -C-C- bond. The hexene ring adopts an envelope conformation. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are connected into dimers by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds with R 2 2(8) ring motifs, forming zigzag ribbons along the b-axis direction. According to a Hirshfeld surface analysis, H⋯H (68.2%) and O⋯H/H⋯O (25.9%) inter-actions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing. The contribution of some disordered solvent to the scattering was removed using the SQUEEZE routine [Spek (2015 ▸). Acta Cryst. C71, 9-18] in PLATON. The solvent contribution was not included in the reported mol-ecular weight and density.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 8-benzyl-1-[(4-methyl-phen-yl)sulfon-yl]-2,7,8,9-tetra-hydro-1H-3,6:10,13-diep-oxy-1,8-benzodi-aza-cyclo-penta-decine ethanol hemisolvate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, 2C31H28N2O4S·C2H6O, contains a parent mol-ecule and a half mol-ecule of ethanol solvent. The main compound stabilizes its mol-ecular conformation by forming a ring with an R 1 2(7) motif with the ethanol solvent mol-ecule. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected by C-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network. In addition, C-H⋯π inter-actions also strengthen the mol-ecular packing.

Advancement in chiral heterocycles for the antidiabetic activity

For the synthesis and development of pharmaceuticals, chirality is an important structural component. Chiral heterocyclic compounds have annoyed the interest of synthetic chemists who are working to create useful and efficient techniques for these molecules. As indicated by the expanding number of chiral drugs created in the last two decades, the link between chirality and pharmacological activity has become more important in the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industries. Approximately 65% of currently used drugs are chiral, and many of them are promoted as racemates in many circumstances. There are a growing number of new chiral heterocyclic compounds with important biological properties and intriguing uses in medical chemistry and drug discovery. In this study, we review current breakthroughs in chiral heterocycles and their different physiological activities that have been published in the last year (from 2010 to early 2023). This study focuses on the current trends in the use of chiral heterocycles in drug design and the creation of several powerful and competent candidates for diabetic illnesses.

A biochemistry-oriented drug design: synthesis, anticancer activity, enzymes inhibition, molecular docking studies of novel 1,2,4-triazole derivatives

In this study, we researched the reactions of 5-(5-bromofuran-2-yl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol and 5-thiophene-(3-ylmethyl)-4R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols with some halogen-containing compounds, a number of new compounds were synthesized (1.1-1.5 and 2.1-2.8). These compounds showed excellent to good inhibitory activities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. For obtaining the effects of these compounds on AChE and BChE enzymes were determined spectrophotometrically according to Ellman. IC50 values of these enzymes were ranging between 1.63 and 17.68 nM for AChE and 8.71 and 84.02 nM for BChE. After, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality for men over the age of 65 in developed countries. Current treatment options remain limited in the treatment of advanced-stage prostate cancer leading to biochemical recurrence in almost 40% of the patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for development of novel therapeutic tools for treatment of prostate cancer patients. In this study, we aimed at analyzing the potential of all compounds against prostate cancer cells. We found that, of the tested compounds, 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 showed significant cytotoxic activities against PC3 prostate cancer cells, although their effect on the viability of normal prostate cells was limited. These findings suggest their selective targeting potential for prostate cancer cells and offer them as candidate therapeutic agents against prostate cancer. The inhibitory activities of some chemical compounds, such as (1.1-1.5 and 2.1-2.8) were assessed by performing the molecular docking study in the presence of AChE, BChE and prostate cancer protein. MM/GBSA methods are calculated binding free energy. Finally, ADME/T analysis was performed to examine the drug properties of the 13 studied molecules.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (E)-2-[2-(2-amino-1-cyano-2-oxo-ethyl-idene)hydrazin-1-yl]benzoic acid N,N-di-methylformamide monosolvate

In the title compound, C10H8N4O3·C3H7NO, the asymmetric unit contains two crystallographically independent mol-ecules A and B, each of which has one DMF solvate mol-ecule. Mol-ecules A and B both feature intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming S(6) ring motifs and consolidating the mol-ecular configuration. In the crystal, N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect mol-ecules A and B, forming R 2 2(8) ring motifs. Weak C-H⋯O inter-actions link the mol-ecules, forming layers parallel to the (12) plane. The DMF solvent mol-ecules are also connected to the main mol-ecules (A and B) by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.8702 (17) Å] between the layers also increase the stability of the mol-ecular structure in the third dimension. According to the Hirshfeld surface study, O⋯H/H⋯O inter-actions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing (27.5% for mol-ecule A and 25.1% for mol-ecule B).

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of dimethyl 4-hy-droxy-5,4'-dimethyl-2'-(toluene-4-sulfonyl-amino)-biphenyl-2,3-di-carboxyl-ate

In the title compound, C25H25NO7S, the mol-ecular conformation is stabilized by intra-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which form S(6) and S(8) ring motifs, respectively. The mol-ecules are bent at the S atom with a C-SO2-NH-C torsion angle of -70.86 (11)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming mol-ecular layers parallel to the (100) plane. C-H⋯π inter-actions are observed between these layers.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of dieth-yl (3aS,3a1R,4S,5S,6R,6aS,7R,9aS)-3a1,5,6,6a-tetra-hydro-1H,3H,4H,7H-3a,6:7,9a-di-epoxy-benzo[de]isochromene-4,5-di-carboxyl-ate

In the title compound, C18H22O7, two hexane rings and an oxane ring are fused together. The two hexane rings tend toward a distorted boat conformation, while the tetra-hydro-furan and di-hydro-furan rings adopt envelope conformations. The oxane ring is puckered. The crystal structure features C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which link the mol-ecules into a three-dimensional network. According to a Hirshfeld surface study, H⋯H (60.3%) and O⋯H/H⋯O (35.3%) inter-actions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3-benzyl-2-[bis(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl]thiophene

In the title compound, C20H18N2S, the asymmetric unit comprises two similar mol-ecules (A and B). In mol-ecule A, the central thio-phene ring makes dihedral angles of 89.96 (12) and 57.39 (13)° with the 1H-pyrrole rings, which are bent at 83.22 (14)° relative to each other, and makes an angle of 85.98 (11)° with the phenyl ring. In mol-ecule B, the corresponding dihedral angles are 89.49 (13), 54.64 (12)°, 83.62 (14)° and 85.67 (11)°, respectively. In the crystal, mol-ecular pairs are bonded to each other by N-H⋯N inter-actions. N-H⋯π and C-H⋯π inter-actions further connect the mol-ecules, forming a three-dimensional network. A Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that H⋯H (57.1% for mol-ecule A; 57.3% for mol-ecule B), C⋯H/H⋯C (30.7% for mol-ecules A and B) and S⋯H/H⋯S (6.2% for mol-ecule A; 6.4% for mol-ecule B) inter-actions are the most important contributors to the crystal packing.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 10-hy-droxy-2-(4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-3-oxo-2,3,3a,4,10,10a-hexa-hydro-1H-9-thia-2-aza-cyclo-penta-[b]fluorene-4-carb-oxy-lic acid dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 monosolvate

In the title compound, C22H19NO5S·C2D6OS, the central six-membered ring has a slightly distorted boat conformation, while the fused pyrrolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation. These conformations are stabilized by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the main compound and solvent mol-ecules. In addition, intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds in the main mol-ecule form two S(6) rings. Mol-ecules are connected by pairs of inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming dimers with a R 2 2(8) motif. These dimers form a three-dimensional network through O-H⋯O, O-H⋯S and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds with each other directly and through solvent mol-ecules. In addition, weak π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-to-centroid distances = 3.9937 (10) and 3.9936 (10) Å, slippages of 2.034 and 1.681 Å] are observed. The inter-molecular contacts were qu-anti-fied using Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots, revealing the relative contributions of the contacts to the crystal packing to be H⋯H 41.7%, O⋯H/H⋯O 27.7%, C⋯H/H⋯C 17.0%, and S⋯H/H⋯S 7.5%.

Design, syntheses, theoretical calculations, MM-GBSA, potential anti-cancer and enzyme activities of novel Schiff base compounds

In this study, new Schiff base compounds (SB-F-OH, SB-Cl-OH and SB-Br-OH) were derived from chalcone-derived amine compounds containing halogen groups and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Also, their phthalonitrile compounds (SB-F-CN, SB-Cl-CN and SB-Br-CN) have been synthesized. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by NMR, FT-IR and Mass spectroscopic methods. The quantum chemical parameters were calculated at B3LYP/6-31++g(d,p), HF/6-31++g(d,p) and M062X/6-31++g(d,p) levels. As the biological application of the synthesized compounds, (i) their inhibition properties of the synthesized compounds on Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) metabolic enzymes were investigated, and their potential anticancer activities against neuroblastoma (NB; SH-SY5Y) and healthy fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines were determined by in vitro assays. All compounds showed inhibition at nanomolar level with the Ki values in the range of 97.86 ± 30.51-516.82 ± 31.42 nM for AChE, 33.21 ± 4.45-78.50 ± 8.91 nM for BChE, respectively. It has been determined that all tested compounds have a remarkable cytotoxic effect against SH-SY5Y, and IC50 values were significantly lower than NIH-3T3 cells. The lowest IC50 value was observed in SB-Cl-OH (7.48 ± 0.86 µM) and SB-Cl-CN (7.31 ± 0.69 µM). The molecular docking of the molecules was also investigated using crystal structure of AChE enzyme protein (PDB ID: 4M0E), crystal structure of BChE protein (PDB ID: 6R6V) and SH-SY5Y cancer protein (PDB ID: 2F3F, 3PBL and 5WIV). The ADME properties of the compounds were investigated. MM/GBSA method is calculated binding free energy. Afterwards, ADME/T analysis was performed to examine the some properties of the molecules.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-2-formyl-7-methyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-1-ium chloride monohydrate

In the title salt, C15H12FN2O+·Cl-·H2O, the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-1-ium ring system of the cation is almostly planar [maximum deviaition = -0.047 (2) Å for the ring C atom with the attached arene ring] and forms a dihedral angle of 61.81 (6)° with the plane of the fluoro-phenyl ring. In the crystal, water mol-ecules form an R 2 4(8) motif parallel to the (100) plane by bonding with the chloride ions via O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. The cations are connected along the b axis via N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the O atoms of water mol-ecules, and C-H⋯O, C-H⋯Cl and π-π inter-actions [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.6195 (8) Å] form layers parallel to the (100) plane. Furthermore, these layers are connected via π-π inter-actions [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.8051 (9) Å] that further consolidate the crystal structure.

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (2Z,2'E)-2,2'-(3-meth-oxy-3-phenylpropane-1,2-diyl-idene)bis-(hydrazine-1-carbo-thioamide) di-methyl-formamide monosolvate

The overall mol-ecular configuration of the title compound, C12H16N6OS2·C3H7NO, is stabilized in the solid state by intra-molecular C-H⋯N, C-H⋯O, N-H⋯N and N-H⋯O inter-actions, forming S(5) ring motifs. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked to each other and solvent di-methyl-formamide mol-ecules by N-H⋯S, N-H⋯O, C-H⋯O and C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming a three dimensional network. The phenyl ring of the title compound is disordered over two sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.57 (4):0.43 (4). A Hirshfeld surface analysis was performed to qu-antify the contributions of the different inter-molecular inter-actions, indicating that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (38.7%), S⋯H / H⋯S (24.0%), C⋯H / H⋯C (18.5%) and N⋯H / H⋯N (9.8%) inter-actions.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 1-(2-amino-4-methyl-1,3-thia-zol-5-yl)ethan-1-one

In the title compound, C6H8N2OS, all atoms except for the methyl H atoms are coplanar, with a maximum deviation of 0.026 (4) Å. In the crystal, pairs of mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming R 2 2(8) ring motifs. Dimers are connected by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to the (102) plane. Consolidating the mol-ecular packing, these layers are connected by C-H⋯π inter-actions between the center of the 1,3-thia-zole ring and the H atom of the methyl group attached to it, as well as C=O⋯π inter-actions between the center of the 1,3-thia-zole ring and the O atom of the carboxyl group. According to a Hirshfeld surface study, H⋯H (37.6%), O⋯H/H⋯O (16.8%), S⋯H/H⋯S (15.4%), N⋯H/H⋯N (13.0%) and C⋯H/H⋯C (7.6%) inter-actions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing.

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 5-[2-(di-cyano-methyl-idene)hydrazin-1-yl]-2,4,6-tri-iodo-isophthalic acid ethanol monosolvate

The title compound, C11H3I3N4O4·C2H6O, crystallizes in the triclinic P space group with one independent mol-ecule and one ethanol solvent mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit. The benzene ring and the methyl-carbonohydrazonoyl dicyanide group of the main mol-ecule makes a dihedral angle of 57.91 (16)°. In the crystal, O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link pairs of mol-ecules, forming dimers with R 2 2(14) motifs. These dimers are connected by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into chains along the a-axis direction, forming R 2 2(16) ring motifs. Further O-H⋯O inter-actions involving the ethanol solvent mol-ecule connect the chains into a three-dimensional network. In addition, C-I⋯π inter-actions are observed. The inter-molecular inter-actions in the crystal structure were qu-anti-fied and analysed using Hirshfeld surface analysis.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-amino-5-{(1E)-1-[(carbamo-thioyl-amino)-imino]eth-yl}-4-methyl-1,3-thia-zol-3-ium chloride monohydrate

In the hydrated title salt, C7H12N5S2 +·Cl-·H2O, the asymmetric unit comprises one 2-amino-5-{(1E)-1-[(carbamo-thioyl-amino)-imino]-eth-yl}-4-methyl-1,3-thia-zol-3-ium cation, one chloride anion and one water mol-ecule of crystallization. The cation is nearly flat (r.m.s. deviation of non-H atoms is 0.0814 Å), with the largest deviation of 0.1484 (14) Å observed for one of the methyl C atoms. In the crystal, the cations are linked by O-H⋯Cl, N-H⋯Cl, N-H⋯O, N-H⋯S and C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming a tri-periodic network. The most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (35.4%), S⋯H/H⋯S (24.4%), N⋯H/H⋯N (8.7%), Cl⋯H/H⋯Cl (8.2%) and C⋯H/H⋯C (7.7%) inter-actions.

Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of N,N-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ4-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol tribromide (1/1), N,N-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ4-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol di-bromido-iodate (1/1) and N,N-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ4-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol di-chlorido-iodate (1/1)

In the title compounds, N,N-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ4-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol tribromide (1/1), C4H9NO·C4H10NO+·Br3 - or [(C4H9NO)·(C4H10NO)](Br3), (I), N,N-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ4-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol di-bromido-iodate (1/1), C4H9NO·C4H10NO+·Br2I- or [(C4H9NO)·(C4H10NO)](Br2I), (II), and N,N-di-methyl-acetamide-1-(dimethyl-λ4-aza-nyl-idene)ethan-1-ol di-chlorido-iodate (1/1), C4H9NO·C4H10NO+·Cl2I- or [(C4H9NO)·(C4H10NO)]·(Cl2I), (III), all the anions are almost linear in geometry and all the cations, except for the methyl H atoms, are essentially planar. In the crystal structure of (I), the cations are linked by pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with an R 2 2(8) ring motif. These dimers also exhibit O-H⋯O hydrogen bonding. Dimerized cation pairs and anions are arranged in columns along the a axis. In the crystal of (II), the cations are linked by pairs of O-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming an R 4 4(14) ring motif. These groups of cations and the anions form individual columns along the a axis and jointly reside in planes roughly parallel to (011). In the crystal of (III), cations and anions also form columns parallel to the a axis, resulting in layers parallel to the (020) plane. Furthermore, the crystal structures of (I), (II) and (III) are consolidated by strong halogen (Br and/or I and/or Cl)⋯H and weak van der Waals inter-actions. In addition to the structural evaluation, a Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of bis-{(Z)-N'-[(E)-(furan-2-yl)methyl-idene]carbamo-hydrazono-thio-ato}nickel(II) methanol disolvate

In the title complex, [Ni(C6H6N3OS)2]·2CH3OH, the NiII atom is coordinated by the S and N atoms of two N'-[(Z)-(furan-2-yl)methyl-idene]carbamohydrazono-thioic acid ligands in a distorted square-planar geometry. The two mutual ligands bound to NiII are also connected by C-H⋯S inter-actions, while the H atoms of the NH2 group of the ligands form R 4 4(8) motifs with the O atoms of the solvent ethyl alcohol mol-ecules. At the same time, the OH groups of the solvent ethyl alcohol mol-ecules form parallel layers to the (011) plane by the O-H⋯N inter-actions with the ligand N atom that is not bonded to the NiII atom.. The layers are connected by van der Waals inter-actions. A Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important contacts are H⋯H (37.7%), C⋯H/H⋯C (14.6%), O⋯H/H⋯O (11.5%) and S⋯H/H⋯S (10.6%).

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of N-[2-(5-methyl-furan-2-yl)phen-yl]-3-nitro-N-[(3-nitro-phen-yl)sulfon-yl]benzene-sulfonamide

In the title compound, C₂₃H₁₇N₃O₉S₂, C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link adjacent mol-ecules in a three-dimensional network, while π-π stacking inter-actions, with centroid-centroid distances of 3.8745 (9) Å, between the furan and an arene ring of one of the two (3-nitro-phen-yl)sulfonyl groups, result in chains parallel to the a axis. The Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that O⋯H/H⋯O (40.1%), H⋯H (27.5%) and C⋯H/H⋯C (12.4%) inter-actions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing.

Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, and Computational Studies of Novel Pyridazinone Derivatives

In this work, a novel series of pyridazinone derivatives (3-17) were synthesized and characterized by NMR (¹H and ¹³C), FT-IR spectroscopies, and ESI-MS methods. All synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (Methicillin-resistant), Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Among the series, compounds 7 and 13 were found to be active against S. aureus (MRSA), P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii with the lowest MIC value range of 3.74-8.92 µM. Afterwards, DFT calculations of B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level were carried out to investigate geometry structures, frontier molecular orbital, molecular electrostatic potential maps, and gap energies of the synthesized compounds. In addition, the activities of these compounds against various bacterial proteins were compared with molecular-docking calculations. Finally, ADMET studies were performed to investigate the possibility of using of the target compounds as drugs.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-(4-amino-6-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetra-hydro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl-idene)malono-nitrile di-methyl-formamide hemisolvate

The title compound, 2C₁₂H₁₀N₆·C₃H₇NO, crystallizes as a racemate in the monoclinic P2₁/c space group with two independent mol-ecules (I and II) and one di-methyl-formamide solvent mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit. Both mol-ecules (I and II) have chiral centers at the carbon atoms where the triazine rings of mol-ecules I and II are attached to the phenyl ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules I and II are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯N, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds through the solvent di-methyl-formamide mol-ecule into layers parallel to (001). In addition, C-H⋯π inter-actions also connect adjacent mol-ecules into layers parallel to (001). The stability of the mol-ecular packing is ensured by van der Waals inter-actions between the layers. The Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that N⋯H/H⋯N (38.3% for I; 35.0% for II), H⋯H (28.2% for I; 27.0% for II) and C⋯H/H⋯C (23.4% for I; 26.3% for II) inter-actions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 1-(tert-butylamino)-3-mesitylpropan-2-ol hemihydrate

In the crystal, the two independent mol­ecules are linked through the water mol­ecules by inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, producing chains along the b-axis direction. These chains are linked with neighboring chains parallel to the (103) plane via C—H inter­actions, generating ribbons along the b axis. The van der Waals inter­actions between the strips ensure the stability of mol­ecular packaging.

The title compound, 2C₁₆H₂₇NO·H₂O, crystallizes in the monoclinic P2₁/c space group with two independent mol­ecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal, mol­ecules A and B are linked through the water mol­ecules by inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, producing chains along the b-axis direction. These chains are linked with neighboring chains parallel to the (103) plane via C—H⋯π inter­actions, generating ribbons along the b-axis direction. The stability of the mol­ecular packaging is ensured by van der Waals inter­actions between the ribbons. According to the Hirshfeld surface study, H⋯H inter­actions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing (80.3% for mol­ecule A and 84.8% for mol­ecule B).

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 5-(5-phenyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine

In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯N and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming double layers parallel to the (001) plane. The layers are connected by van der Waals inter­actions, generating a three-dimensional supra­molecular structure.

The title compound, C₁₁H₈N₄OS, crystallizes with two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal, the N—H⋯N and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect the mol­ecules, generating double layers parallel to the (001) plane. The layers are joined by C—H⋯π inter­actions to form a three-dimensional supra­molecular structure.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 2-amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-oxo-1-phenyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carbonitrile

In the crystal, strong C—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds form dimers with (14) and (12) ring motifs between adjacent mol­ecules along the c-axis direction. Inter­molecular N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect these dimers to form a three-dimensional network. In addition, C—H⋯π inter­actions and π–π stacking inter­actions help to stabilize the packing.

The central tetra­hydro­pyridine ring of the title compound, C₁₉H₁₇N₃O₂, adopts a screw-boat conformation. In the crystal, strong C—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds form dimers with R²₂(14) and R²₂(12) ring motifs, respectively, between consecutive mol­ecules along the c-axis direction. Inter­molecular N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect these dimers, forming a three-dimensional network. C—H⋯π inter­actions and π–π stacking inter­actions contribute to the stabilization of the mol­ecular packing. A Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the contributions from the most prevalent inter­actions are H⋯H (47.1%), C⋯H/H⋯C (20.9%), O⋯H/H⋯O (15.3%) and N⋯H/H⋯N (11.4%).

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 5-acetyl-2-amino-4-(4-bromophenyl)-6-oxo-1-phenyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carbonitrile

In the crystal, N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into dimers with an (16) ring motif. Further N—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect the dimers into chains along the c-axis direction. C—Br⋯π and C=O⋯π inter­actions stabilize the mol­ecular packing, resulting in a three-dimensional network.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C₂₀H₁₆BrN₃O₂, was determined using an inversion twin. Its asymmetric unit comprises two crystallographically independent mol­ecules (A and B) being the stereoisomers. Both mol­ecules are linked by pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a dimer with an R²₂(16) ring motif. The dimers are connected by further N—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c-axis direction·C—Br⋯π inter­actions between these chains contribute to the stabilization of the mol­ecular packing. Hirshfeld surface analysis showed that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H, C⋯H/H⋯C, O⋯H/H⋯O, Br⋯H/H⋯Br and N⋯H/H⋯N inter­actions.