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Nikhil K, Shah K. The significant others of aurora kinase a in cancer: combination is the key. Biomark Res 2024; 12:109. [PMID: 39334449 PMCID: PMC11438406 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
AURKA is predominantly famous as an essential mitotic kinase. Recent findings have also established its critical role in a plethora of other biological processes including ciliogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, neuronal outgrowth, DNA replication and cell cycle progression. AURKA overexpression in numerous cancers is strongly associated with poor prognosis and survival. Still no AURKA-targeted drug has been approved yet, partially because of the associated collateral toxicity and partly due to its limited efficacy as a single agent in a wide range of tumors. Mechanistically, AURKA overexpression allows it to phosphorylate numerous pathological substrates promoting highly aggressive oncogenic phenotypes. Our review examines the most recent advances in AURKA regulation and focuses on 33 such direct cancer-specific targets of AURKA and their associated oncogenic signaling cascades. One of the common themes that emerge is that AURKA is often involved in a feedback loop with its substrates, which could be the decisive factor causing its sustained upregulation and hyperactivation in cancer cells, an Achilles heel not exploited before. This dynamic interplay between AURKA and its substrates offers potential opportunities for targeted therapeutic interventions. By targeting these substrates, it may be possible to disrupt this feedback loop to effectively reverse AURKA levels, thereby providing a promising avenue for developing safer AURKA-targeted therapeutics. Additionally, exploring the synergistic effects of AURKA inhibition with its other oncogenic and/or tumor-suppressor targets could provide further opportunities for developing effective combination therapies against AURKA-driven cancers, thereby maximizing its potential as a critical drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Nikhil
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India.
| | - Kavita Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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Wang SH, Yeh CH, Wu CW, Hsu CY, Tsai EM, Hung CM, Wang YW, Hsieh TH. PFDN4 as a Prognostic Marker Was Associated with Chemotherapy Resistance through CREBP1/AURKA Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3906. [PMID: 38612711 PMCID: PMC11012048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and its incidence is increasing. It is currently mainly treated by clinical chemotherapy, but chemoresistance remains poorly understood. Prefolded proteins 4 (PFDN4) are molecular chaperone complexes that bind to newly synthesized polypeptides and allow them to fold correctly to stabilize protein formation. This study aimed to investigate the role of PFDN4 in chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Our study found that PFDN4 was highly expressed in breast cancer compared to normal tissues and was statistically significantly associated with stage, nodal status, subclasses (luminal, HER2 positive and triple negative), triple-negative subtype and disease-specific survival by TCGA database analysis. CRISPR knockout of PFDN4 inhibited the growth of 89% of breast cancer cell lines, and the triple-negative cell line exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect than the non-triple-negative cell line. High PFDN4 expression was associated with poor overall survival in chemotherapy and resistance to doxorubicin and paclitaxel through the CREBP1/AURKA pathway in the triple-negative MDAMB231 cell line. This study provides insightful evidence for the value of PFDN4 in poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ho Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsi Yeh
- Division of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Wu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (Y.-W.W.)
| | - Chia-Yi Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Eing-Mei Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chao-Ming Hung
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (Y.-W.W.)
| | - Tsung-Hua Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (Y.-W.W.)
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Li Q, Tang M, Zhao S, Yang J, Meng Y, Meng C, Ren L, Hu W. SAA1 regulated by S1P/S1PR1 promotes the progression of ESCC via β-catenin activation. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:66. [PMID: 38446289 PMCID: PMC10917729 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1), an inflammation-related molecule, is associated with the malignant progression of many tumors. This study aimed to investigate the role of SAA1 in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its molecular mechanisms. The expression of SAA1 in ESCC tissues and cell lines was analyzed using bioinformatics analysis, western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT‒qPCR). SAA1-overexpressing or SAA1-knockdown ESCC cells were used to assess the effects of SAA1 on the proliferation, migration, apoptosis of cancer cells and the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice. Western blotting, immunofluorescence and RT‒qPCR were used to investigate the relationship between SAA1 and β-catenin and SAA1 and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)/sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1). SAA1 was highly expressed in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of SAA1 significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and the growth of tumors in nude mice. Knockdown of SAA1 had the opposite effects and promoted the apoptosis of ESCC cells. Moreover, SAA1 overexpression promoted the phosphorylation of β-catenin at Ser675 and increased the expression levels of the β-catenin target genes MYC and MMP9. Knockdown of SAA1 had the opposite effects. S1P/S1PR1 upregulated SAA1 expression and β-catenin phosphorylation at Ser675 in ESCC cells. In conclusion, SAA1 promotes the progression of ESCC by increasing β-catenin phosphorylation at Ser675, and the S1P/S1PR1 pathway plays an important role in its upstream regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
- Department of Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
| | - Maolin Tang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
- Department of Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
| | - Shisheng Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
- Department of Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
| | - Yuanlin Meng
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
| | - Chunmei Meng
- Department of Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
| | - Ling Ren
- Department of Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China
| | - Weimin Hu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China.
- Department of Immunology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, China.
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Kumari P, Beeraka NM, Tengli A, Bannimath G, Baath RK, Patil M. Recent Updates on Oncogenic Signaling of Aurora Kinases in Chemosensitive, Chemoresistant Cancers: Novel Medicinal Chemistry Approaches for Targeting Aurora Kinases. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3502-3528. [PMID: 37138483 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230503124408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Aurora Kinase family (AKI) is composed of serine-threonine protein kinases involved in the modulation of the cell cycle and mitosis. These kinases are required for regulating the adherence of hereditary-related data. Members of this family can be categorized into aurora kinase A (Ark-A), aurora kinase B (Ark-B), and aurora kinase C (Ark-C), consisting of highly conserved threonine protein kinases. These kinases can modulate cell processes such as spindle assembly, checkpoint pathway, and cytokinesis during cell division. The main aim of this review is to explore recent updates on the oncogenic signaling of aurora kinases in chemosensitive/chemoresistant cancers and to explore the various medicinal chemistry approaches to target these kinases. We searched Pubmed, Scopus, NLM, Pubchem, and Relemed to obtain information pertinent to the updated signaling role of aurora kinases and medicinal chemistry approaches and discussed the recently updated roles of each aurora kinases and their downstream signaling cascades in the progression of several chemosensitive/chemoresistant cancers; subsequently, we discussed the natural products (scoulerine, Corynoline, Hesperidin Jadomycin-B, fisetin), and synthetic, medicinal chemistry molecules as aurora kinase inhibitors (AKIs). Several natural products' efficacy was explained as AKIs in chemosensitization and chemoresistant cancers. For instance, novel triazole molecules have been used against gastric cancer, whereas cyanopyridines are used against colorectal cancer and trifluoroacetate derivatives could be used for esophageal cancer. Furthermore, quinolone hydrazine derivatives can be used to target breast cancer and cervical cancer. In contrast, the indole derivatives can be preferred to target oral cancer whereas thiosemicarbazone-indole could be used against prostate cancer, as reported in an earlier investigation against cancerous cells. Moreover, these chemical derivatives can be examined as AKIs through preclinical studies. In addition, the synthesis of novel AKIs through these medicinal chemistry substrates in the laboratory using in silico and synthetic routes could be beneficial to develop prospective novel AKIs to target chemoresistant cancers. This study is beneficial to oncologists, chemists, and medicinal chemists to explore novel chemical moiety synthesis to target specifically the peptide sequences of aurora kinases in several chemoresistant cancer cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Narasimha Murthy Beeraka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anandkumar Tengli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Gurupadayya Bannimath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur Baath
- Department of Pharmaceautics, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, NH-24 Delhi Road, Moradabad 244102, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mayuri Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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Zhao J, Shi Y, Ma Y, Pan L, Wang Y, Yuan L, Dong J, Ying J. Chebulagic acid suppresses gastric cancer by inhibiting the AURKA/β-catenin/Wnt pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1143427. [PMID: 36937887 PMCID: PMC10014572 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1143427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant neoplasm that poses a serious threat to human health. Overexpression of Aurora A (AURKA) is frequently associated with the self-renewal and tumorigenicity of various cancers. Chebulagic acid (CA) has been examined as a potential tumor suppressor based on its ability against numerous tumor biological activities. However, the possible mechanisms of CA inhibition of the progression of GC by mediating the AURKA/β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway have not been investigated. The present study investigated the level of AURKA expression in GC. We further examined the effect of CA on cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in the MKN1 and NUGC3 GC cell lines, and its efficacy in suppressing tumor growth was assessed in tumor bearing mice model. We demonstrated that AURKA was highly expressed in GC and associated with poor prognosis. We demonstrated that treatment with CA significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of GC cells and induced apoptosis. Compared to the vehicle group, CA treatment severely diminished the volume and weight and the metastasis of tumors. CA also inhibited the expression of AURKA and the AURKA/β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, the present results demonstrated that high expression of AURKA may be an independent factor of poor prognosis in patients with GC, and CA significantly suppressed the tumor biological functions of GC and inhibited the AURKA/β-catenin/Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunfu Shi
- Oncology Department, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Ma
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Libin Pan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yuan, ; Jinyun Dong, ; Jieer Ying,
| | - Jinyun Dong
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yuan, ; Jinyun Dong, ; Jieer Ying,
| | - Jieer Ying
- Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Gastric Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yuan, ; Jinyun Dong, ; Jieer Ying,
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Xu QR, Du XH, Huang TT, Zheng YC, Li YL, Huang DY, Dai HQ, Li EM, Fang WK. Role of Cell-Cell Junctions in Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101378. [PMID: 36291586 PMCID: PMC9599896 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell junctions comprise various structures, including adherens junctions, tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. They link cells to each other in tissues and regulate tissue homeostasis in critical cellular processes. Recent advances in cell-cell junction research have led to critical discoveries. Cell-cell adhesion components are important for the invasion and metastasis of tumour cells, which are not only related to cell-cell adhesion changes, but they are also involved in critical molecular signal pathways. They are of great significance, especially given that relevant molecular mechanisms are being discovered, there are an increasing number of emerging biomarkers, targeted therapies are becoming a future therapeutic concern, and there is an increased number of therapeutic agents undergoing clinical trials. Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the most common histological subtype of oesophageal cancer, is one of the most common cancers to affect epithelial tissue. ESCC progression is accompanied by the abnormal expression or localisation of components at cell-cell junctions. This review will discuss the recent scientific developments related to the molecules at cell-cell junctions and their role in ESCC to offer valuable insights for readers, provide a global view of the relationships between position, construction, and function, and give a reference for future mechanistic studies, diagnoses, and therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - En-Min Li
- Correspondence: (E.-M.L.); (W.-K.F.)
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Jabbour SK, Williams TM, Sayan M, Miller ED, Ajani JA, Chang AC, Coleman N, El-Rifai W, Haddock M, Ilson D, Jamorabo D, Kunos C, Lin S, Liu G, Prasanna PG, Rustgi AK, Wong R, Vikram B, Ahmed MM. Potential Molecular Targets in the Setting of Chemoradiation for Esophageal Malignancies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 113:665-679. [PMID: 33351071 PMCID: PMC8600025 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djaa195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the development of effective combined chemoradiation regimens for esophageal cancers has resulted in statistically significant survival benefits, the majority of patients treated with curative intent develop locoregional and/or distant relapse. Further improvements in disease control and survival will require the development of individualized therapy based on the knowledge of host and tumor genomics and potentially harnessing the host immune system. Although there are a number of gene targets that are amplified and proteins that are overexpressed in esophageal cancers, attempts to target several of these have not proven successful in unselected patients. Herein, we review our current state of knowledge regarding the molecular pathways implicated in esophageal carcinoma, and the available agents for targeting these pathways that may rationally be combined with standard chemoradiation, with the hope that this commentary will guide future efforts of novel combinations of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Terence M Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Mutlay Sayan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Eric D Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew C Chang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Surgery, Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Norman Coleman
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael Haddock
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David Ilson
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Charles Kunos
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Steven Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pataje G Prasanna
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosemary Wong
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Bhadrasain Vikram
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mansoor M Ahmed
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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Kim HJ, Kim J. OTUD6A Is an Aurora Kinase A-Specific Deubiquitinase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041936. [PMID: 33669244 PMCID: PMC7919836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinases are serine/threonine kinases required for cell proliferation and are overexpressed in many human cancers. Targeting Aurora kinases has been a therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment. Here, we attempted to identify a deubiquitinase (DUB) that regulates Aurora kinase A (Aurora-A) protein stability and/or kinase activity as a potential cancer therapeutic target. Through pull-down assays with the human DUB library, we identified OTUD6A as an Aurora-A-specific DUB. OTUD6A interacts with Aurora-A through OTU and kinase domains, respectively, and deubiquitinates Aurora-A. Notably, OTUD6A promotes the protein half-life of Aurora-A and activates Aurora-A by increasing phosphorylation at threonine 288 of Aurora-A. From qPCR screening, we identified and validated that the cancer gene CKS2 encoding Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 is the most upregulated cell cycle regulator when OTUD6A is overexpressed. The results suggest that OTUD6A may serve as a therapeutic target in human cancers.
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Du R, Huang C, Liu K, Li X, Dong Z. Targeting AURKA in Cancer: molecular mechanisms and opportunities for Cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:15. [PMID: 33451333 PMCID: PMC7809767 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase A (AURKA) belongs to the family of serine/threonine kinases, whose activation is necessary for cell division processes via regulation of mitosis. AURKA shows significantly higher expression in cancer tissues than in normal control tissues for multiple tumor types according to the TCGA database. Activation of AURKA has been demonstrated to play an important role in a wide range of cancers, and numerous AURKA substrates have been identified. AURKA-mediated phosphorylation can regulate the functions of AURKA substrates, some of which are mitosis regulators, tumor suppressors or oncogenes. In addition, enrichment of AURKA-interacting proteins with KEGG pathway and GO analysis have demonstrated that these proteins are involved in classic oncogenic pathways. All of this evidence favors the idea of AURKA as a target for cancer therapy, and some small molecules targeting AURKA have been discovered. These AURKA inhibitors (AKIs) have been tested in preclinical studies, and some of them have been subjected to clinical trials as monotherapies or in combination with classic chemotherapy or other targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.
| | - Chuntian Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China. .,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China. .,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,College of medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Epigenetic Alterations in Oesophageal Cancer: Expression and Role of the Involved Enzymes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103522. [PMID: 32429269 PMCID: PMC7278932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer is a life-threatening disease, accounting for high mortality rates. The poor prognosis of this malignancy is mostly due to late diagnosis and lack of effective therapies for advanced disease. Epigenetic alterations may constitute novel and attractive therapeutic targets, owing to their ubiquity in cancer and their reversible nature. Herein, we offer an overview of the most important studies which compared differences in expression of enzymes that mediate epigenetic alterations between oesophageal cancer and normal mucosa, as well as in vitro data addressing the role of these genes/proteins in oesophageal cancer. Furthermore, The Cancer Genome Atlas database was interrogated for the correlation between expression of these epigenetic markers and standard clinicopathological features. We concluded that most epigenetic players studied thus far are overexpressed in tumours compared to normal tissue. Furthermore, functional assays suggest an oncogenic role for most of those enzymes, supporting their potential as therapeutic targets in oesophageal cancer.
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Zhang C, Berndt-Paetz M, Neuhaus J. Identification of Key Biomarkers in Bladder Cancer: Evidence from a Bioinformatics Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E66. [PMID: 31991631 PMCID: PMC7168923 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10020066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common malignancies and has a relatively poor outcome worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms and processes of BCa development and progression remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify candidate genes in the carcinogenesis and progression of BCa. Five GEO datasets and TCGA-BLCA datasets were analyzed by statistical software R, FUNRICH, Cytoscape, and online instruments to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), to construct protein‒protein interaction networks (PPIs) and perform functional enrichment analysis and survival analyses. In total, we found 418 DEGs. We found 14 hub genes, and gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed DEG enrichment in networks and pathways related to cell cycle and proliferation, but also in cell movement, receptor signaling, and viral carcinogenesis. Compared with noncancerous tissues, TPM1, CRYAB, and CASQ2 were significantly downregulated in BCa, and the other hub genes were significant upregulated. Furthermore, MAD2L1 and CASQ2 potentially play a pivotal role in lymph nodal metastasis. CRYAB and CASQ2 were both significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The present study highlights an up to now unrecognized possible role of CASQ2 in cancer (BCa). Furthermore, CRYAB has never been described in BCa, but our study suggests that it may also be a candidate biomarker in BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jochen Neuhaus
- Department of Urology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (C.Z.); (M.B.-P.)
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12
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Zhong X, Huang G, Ma Q, Liao H, Liu C, Pu W, Xu L, Cai Y, Guo X. Identification of crucial miRNAs and genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by miRNA-mRNA integrated analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16269. [PMID: 31277149 PMCID: PMC6635243 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignancy that severely threatens human health and carries a high incidence rate and a low 5-year survival rate. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are commonly accepted as a key regulatory function in human cancer, but the potential regulatory mechanisms of miRNA-mRNA related to ESCC remain poorly understood.The GSE55857, GSE43732, and GSE6188 miRNA microarray datasets and the gene expression microarray datasets GSE70409, GSE29001, and GSE20347 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained using GEO2R. Gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis for DEGs were performed by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and functional modules were established using the STRING database and were visualized by Cytoscape. Kaplan-Meier analysis was constructed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.In total, 26 DEMs and 280 DEGs that consisted of 96 upregulated and 184 downregulated genes were screened out. A functional enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in the ECM-receptor interaction and cytochrome P450 metabolic pathways. In addition, MMP9, PCNA, TOP2A, MMP1, AURKA, MCM2, IVL, CYP2E1, SPRR3, FOS, FLG, TGM1, and CYP2C9 were considered to be hub genes owing to high degrees in the PPI network. MiR-183-5p was with the highest connectivity target genes in hub genes. FOS was predicted to be a common target gene of the significant DEMs. Hsa-miR-9-3p, hsa-miR-34c-3p and FOS were related to patient prognosis and higher expression of the transcripts were associated with a poor OS in patients with ESCC.Our study revealed the miRNA-mediated hub genes regulatory network as a model for predicting the molecular mechanism of ESCC. This may provide novel insights for unraveling the pathogenesis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
- Translational Medicine Research Center
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangcheng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
| | | | - Chang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjie Pu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
- Translational Medicine Research Center
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Activation of Aurora A kinase increases YAP stability via blockage of autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:432. [PMID: 31160567 PMCID: PMC6547697 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1664-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transcription cofactor Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays an important role in cancer progression. Here, we found that Aurora A kinase expression was positively correlated with YAP in lung cancer. Aurora A depletion suppresses lung cancer cell colony formation, which could be reversed by YAP ectopic overexpression. In addition, activation of Aurora A increases YAP protein abundance through maintaining its protein stability. Consistently, the transcriptional activity of YAP is increased upon Aurora A activation. We further showed that shAURKA suppressed YAP expression in the absence of Lats1/2, indicating that Aurora A regulates YAP independently of Hippo pathway. Instead, Aurora A induced blockage of autophagy to up-regulate YAP expression. Collectively, our findings provide insights into regulatory mechanisms of YAP expression in lung cancer development.
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14
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Yanchun M, Yi W, Lu W, Yu Q, Jian Y, Pengzhou K, Ting Y, Hongyi L, Fang W, Xiaolong C, Yongping C. Triptolide prevents proliferation and migration of Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer via MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 851:43-51. [PMID: 30779917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Triptolide, the component of traditional Chinese herb, has been used as an inflammatory medicine and reported to be anti-tumor for various cancers recently. However, the effect of triptolide on Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer (ESCC) has not yet been elucidated. In the study, we found that triptolide significantly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migration and survivability of ESCC cells. Moreover, we observed that triptolide induced ESCC cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase and apoptosis through cyclin D1-CDK4/6 regulation and caspases activation. In addition, we revealed that triptolide regulates cell apoptosis and metastasis by p53 and mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway, respectively. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect of triptolide on ESCC was validated in mouse xenograft model. So, we propose that triptolide may be a candidate drug for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Yanchun
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Wang Yi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Wang Lu
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Yang Jian
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Kong Pengzhou
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Yan Ting
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Li Hongyi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Wang Fang
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Cheng Xiaolong
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Cui Yongping
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Esophageal Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China.
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15
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Wu M, Liu Z, Zhang A, Li N. Identification of key genes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma: A preliminary bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14287. [PMID: 30702595 PMCID: PMC6380748 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. However, the precise mechanisms of the development and progression of HCC remain unclear. The present study attempted to identify and functionally analyze the differentially expressed genes between HCC and cirrhotic tissues by using comprehensive bioinformatics analyses. METHODS The GSE63898 gene expression profile was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed using the online tool GEO2R to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology (GO) functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs were performed in DAVID. The STRING database was used to evaluate the interactions of DEGs and to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using Cytoscape software. Hub genes were selected using the cytoHubba plugin and were validated with the cBioPortal database. RESULTS A total of 301 DEGs were identified between HCC and cirrhotic tissues. The GO analysis results showed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in certain biological processes including negative regulation of growth and cell chemotaxis. Several significant pathways, including the p53 signaling pathway, were identified as being closely associated with these DEGs. The top 12 hub genes were screened and included TTK, NCAPG, TOP2A, CCNB1, CDK1, PRC1, RRM2, UBE2C, ZWINT, CDKN3, AURKA, and RACGAP1. The cBioPortal analysis found that alterations in hub genes could result in significantly reduced disease-free survival in HCC. CONCLUSION The present study identified a series of key genes and pathways that may be involved in the tumorigenicity and progression of HCC, providing a new understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of General surgery
| | | | - Aiying Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of General surgery
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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16
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Glaser ZA, Love HD, Guo S, Gellert L, Chang SS, Herrell SD, Barocas DA, Penson DF, Cookson MS, Clark PE. TPX2 as a prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2017; 35:286-293. [PMID: 28108243 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aims were to determine if targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) is correlated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) histology and oncologic outcomes using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and an institutional tissue microarray (TMA). METHODS Clinicopathological data obtained from the TCGA consisted of 415 samples diagnosed with ccRCC. A TMA was constructed from tumors of 207 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for ccRCC. TPX2 expression by immunohistochemistry on TMA was assessed by a genitourinary pathologist. Clinical data were extracted and linked to TMA cores. TPX2 and Aurora-A mRNA coexpression were evaluated in the TCGA cohort. Overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank statistics. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Median follow-up time for the TCGA cohort was 3.07 years. Aurora-A and TPX2 mRNA coexpression were significantly correlated (Pearson correlation = 0.918). High TPX2 mRNA expression was associated with advanced stage, metastasis, poor OS, and RFS. Median follow-up time for the TMA cohort was 5.3 years. Elevated TPX2 protein expression, defined as greater than 75th percentile staining intensity, was identified in 47/207 (22.7%) patients. Increased TPX2 immunostaining was associated with poor OS (P = 0.0327, 53% 5-year mortality), cancer-specific survival (P<0.01, 47.8% 5-year cancer-specific mortality), RFS (P = 0.0313, 73.6%, 5-year recurrence rate), grade, T stage, and metastasis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated elevated expression served as an independent predictor of RFS (hazard ratio = 3.62 (1.13-11.55), P = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS We show TPX2, a regulator of Aurora-A, is associated with high grade and stage of ccRCC, and is an independent predictor of recurrence. Future studies are warranted testing its role in ccRCC biology, and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Glaser
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
| | - Harold D Love
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Shunhua Guo
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Lan Gellert
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sam S Chang
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Stanley Duke Herrell
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Daniel A Barocas
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - David F Penson
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Michael S Cookson
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Peter E Clark
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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He Y, Jiang W, Qian X, Liu F, Zhang Q, You C. Role of Aurora-A in Ovarian Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Oncol Res Treat 2015; 38:442-7. [PMID: 26406304 DOI: 10.1159/000439194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, several studies have examined associations between Aurora-A expression and clinical outcome in patients with ovarian cancer, but yielded conflicting results with respect to survival. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of Aurora-A in ovarian cancer by performing a meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Embase, Medline and Chinese BioMed Database (CBM) databases were searched systematically and only articles in which Aurora-A expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining were included. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Our results show that the pooled HR for OS was 1.40 (95% CI 0.82-1.98, p < 0.01) by univariate analysis in 7 articles (1,028) and 0.32 (95% CI 0.04-0.615, p = 0.23) by multivariate analysis in 3 studies (155). The association between Aurora-A expression and DFS was also statistically significant in 5 studies (HR = 1.14, 95% CI 0.50-1.78, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION This present meta-analysis suggests that the Aurora-A expression may be associated with poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. Furthermore, studies of larger scale and well-matched regimes are warranted to confirm the findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Jin S, Wang X, Tong T, Zhang D, Shi J, Chen J, Zhan Q. Aurora-A enhances malignant development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by phosphorylating β-catenin. Mol Oncol 2014; 9:249-59. [PMID: 25217103 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Aurora-A gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that is frequently overexpressed in several types of human tumors. The overexpression of Aurora-A has been observed to associate with the grades of differentiation, invasive capability and distant lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the molecular mechanism by which Aurora-A promotes malignant development of ESCC is still largely unknown. In this study, we show that Aurora-A overexpression enhances tumor cell invasion and metastatic potential in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Aurora-A overexpression inhibits the degradation of β-catenin, promotes its dissociation from cell-cell contacts and increases its nuclear translocation. We also demonstrate for the first time that Aurora-A directly interacts with β-catenin and phosphorylates β-catenin at Ser552 and Ser675. Substitutions of serine residue with alanine at single or both positions substantially attenuate Aurora-A-mediated stabilization of β-catenin, abolish its cytosolic and nuclear localization as well as transcriptional activity. In addition, Aurora-A overexpression is significantly correlated with increased cytoplasmic β-catenin expression in ESCC tissues. In view of our results, we propose that Aurora-A-mediated phosphorylation of β-catenin is a novel mechanism of malignancy development of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunqian Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.17 Panjiayuan South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 10021, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.17 Panjiayuan South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 10021, PR China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 South Road of Xinjian, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Tong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.17 Panjiayuan South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 10021, PR China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.17 Panjiayuan South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 10021, PR China
| | - Ji Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.17 Panjiayuan South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 10021, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.17 Panjiayuan South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 10021, PR China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.17 Panjiayuan South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 10021, PR China.
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