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Pirani E, Paparoditis P, Pecoraro M, Danelon G, Thelen M, Cecchinato V, Uguccioni M. Tumor cells express and maintain HMGB1 in the reduced isoform to enhance CXCR4-mediated migration. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1358800. [PMID: 38803493 PMCID: PMC11128625 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1358800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
During inflammation and tissue regeneration, the alarmin High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), in its reduced isoform, enhances the activity of the chemokine CXCL12, forming a heterocomplex that acts via the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Despite the established roles of both HMGB1 and CXCL12 in tumor progression and metastatic spread to distal sites, the role of the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex in cancer has never been investigated. By employing a newly established mass spectrometry protocol that allows an unambiguous distinction between reduced (red-HMGB1) and oxidized (ox-HMGB1) HMGB1 isoforms in cell lysates, we demonstrate that human epithelial cells derived from breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and prostate (PC-3) cancer predominantly express red-HMGB1, while primary CD3+ T lymphocytes from peripheral blood express both HMGB1 isoforms. All these cancer cells release HMGB1 in the extracellular microenvironment together with varying concentrations of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. The CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex enhances, via CXCR4, the directional migration and invasiveness of cancer cells characterized by high metastatic potential that possess a fully active thioredoxin system, contributing to maintain red-HMGB1. On the contrary, cancer cells with low metastatic potential, lack thioredoxin reductase, promptly uptake CXCL12 and fail to respond to the heterocomplex. Our study demonstrates that the responsiveness of cancer cells to the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex, resulting in enhanced cell migration and invasiveness, depends on the maintenance of HMGB1 in its reduced isoform, and suggests disruption of the heterocomplex as a potential therapeutic target to inhibit invasion and metastatic spread in cancer therapies.
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Zhang Z, Lu YX, Liu F, Sang L, Shi C, Xie S, Bian W, Yang JC, Yang Z, Qu L, Chen SY, Li J, Yang L, Yan Q, Wang W, Fu P, Shao J, Li X, Lin A. lncRNA BREA2 promotes metastasis by disrupting the WWP2-mediated ubiquitination of Notch1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2206694120. [PMID: 36795754 PMCID: PMC9974429 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2206694120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch has been implicated in human cancers and is a putative therapeutic target. However, the regulation of Notch activation in the nucleus remains largely uncharacterized. Therefore, characterizing the detailed mechanisms governing Notch degradation will identify attractive strategies for treating Notch-activated cancers. Here, we report that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) BREA2 drives breast cancer metastasis by stabilizing the Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD1). Moreover, we reveal WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (WWP2) as an E3 ligase for NICD1 at K1821 and a suppressor of breast cancer metastasis. Mechanistically, BREA2 impairs WWP2-NICD1 complex formation and in turn stabilizes NICD1, leading to Notch signaling activation and lung metastasis. BREA2 loss sensitizes breast cancer cells to inhibition of Notch signaling and suppresses the growth of breast cancer patient-derived xenograft tumors, highlighting its therapeutic potential in breast cancer. Taken together, these results reveal the lncRNA BREA2 as a putative regulator of Notch signaling and an oncogenic player driving breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Yun-xin Lu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong510060, China
| | - Fangzhou Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Lingjie Sang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Chengyu Shi
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Shaofang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310024, China
| | - Weixiang Bian
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310024, China
| | - Jie-cheng Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Zuozhen Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Lei Qu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Shi-yi Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pathology School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310003, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510080, China
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Peifen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310003, China
| | - Jianzhong Shao
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
| | - Xu Li
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310024, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310058, China
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang310058, China
- Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310003, China
- International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang322000, China
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Beirne JP, Gilmore A, McInerney CE, Roddy A, Glenn McCluggage W, Harley IJ, Abdullah Alvi M, Prise KM, McArt DG, Mullan PB. A bespoke target selection tool to guide biomarker discovery in tubo-ovarian cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3359-3371. [PMID: 35832628 PMCID: PMC9260242 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancers presenting at advanced stages inherently have poor prognosis. High grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and aggressive form of tubo-ovarian cancer. Clinical tests to accurately diagnose and monitor this condition are lacking. Hence, development of disease-specific tests are urgently required. Methods The molecular profile of HGSC during disease progression was investigated in a unique patient cohort. A bespoke data browser was developed to analyse gene expression and DNA methylation datasets for biomarker discovery. The Ovarian Cancer Data Browser (OCDB) is built in C# with a.NET framework using an integrated development environment of Microsoft Visual Studio and fast access files (.faf). The graphical user interface is easy to navigate between four analytical modes (gene expression; methylation; combined gene expression and methylation data; methylation clusters), with a rapid query response time. A user should first define a disease progression trend for prioritising results. Single or multiomics data are then mined to identify probes, genes and methylation clusters that exhibit the desired trend. A unique scoring system based on the percentage change in expression/methylation between disease stages is used. Results are filtered and ranked using weighting and penalties. Results The OCDB’s utility for biomarker discovery is demonstrated with the identified target OSR2. Trends in OSR2 repression and hypermethylation with HGSC disease progression were confirmed in the browser samples and an independent cohort using bioassays. The OSR2 methylation biomarker could discriminate HGSC with high specificity (95%) and sensitivity (93.18%). Conclusions The OCDB has been refined and validated to be an integral part of a unique biomarker discovery pipeline. It may also be used independently to aid identification of novel targets. It carries the potential to identify further biomarker assays that can reduce type I and II errors within clinical diagnostics.
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Gerke O, Ehlers K, Motschall E, Høilund-Carlsen PF, Vach W. PET/CT-Based Response Evaluation in Cancer-a Systematic Review of Design Issues. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 22:33-46. [PMID: 31016638 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography/x-ray computed tomography (PET/CT) has long been discussed as a promising modality for response evaluation in cancer. When designing respective clinical trials, several design issues have to be addressed, especially the number/timing of PET/CT scans, the approach for quantifying metabolic activity, and the final translation of measurements into a rule. It is unclear how well these issues have been tackled in quest of an optimised use of PET/CT in response evaluation. Medline via Ovid and Science Citation Index via Web of Science were systematically searched for articles from 2015 on cancer patients scanned with PET/CT before and during/after treatment. Reports were categorised as being either developmental or evaluative, i.e. focusing on either the establishment or the evaluation of a rule discriminating responders from non-responders. Of 124 included papers, 112 (90 %) were accuracy and/or prognostic studies; the remainder were response-curve studies. No randomised controlled trials were found. Most studies were prospective (62 %) and from single centres (85 %); median number of patients was 38.5 (range 5-354). Most (69 %) of the studies employed only one post-baseline scan. Quantification was mainly based on SUVmax (91 %), while change over time was most frequently used to combine measurements into a rule (79 %). Half of the reports were categorised as developmental, the other half evaluative. Most development studies assessed only one element (35/62, 56 %), most frequently the choice of cut-off points (25/62, 40 %). In summary, the majority of studies did not address the essential open issues in establishing PET/CT for response evaluation. Reasonably sized multicentre studies are needed to systematically compare the many different options when using PET/CT for response evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oke Gerke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Karen Ehlers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Edith Motschall
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Poul Flemming Høilund-Carlsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Werner Vach
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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5
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Li H, Kuang X, Liang L, Ye Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Ma F, Tao J, Lei G, Zhao S, Su J, Yang N, Peng C, Xu X, Hung M, Han L, Liu H, Liu J, Chen X. The Beneficial Role of Sunitinib in Tumor Immune Surveillance by Regulating Tumor PD-L1. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2001596. [PMID: 33510997 PMCID: PMC7816704 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoints blockades have shown promising clinical effects in various malignancies, but the overall response rate is low. Here, the immune features are comprehensively characterized in >10 000 cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas and significantly positive correlations are observed between targets of Sunitinib and inhibitory immune checkpoints and suppressive immune cells. It is further confirmed that Sunitinib treatment increases the antitumor immunity in a phase III trial. Mechanistically, it is discovered that Sunitinib regulates the stability of tumor PD-L1 via p62, that p62 can bind to PD-L1 and specifically promote its translocation into autophagic lysosome for degradation. Preclinically, Sunitinib shows a synergistic antitumor effect with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) monoclonal antibody (mAb) in melanoma and nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) immune competent mice by promoting the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes activity. Clinically, a higher PD-L1 level but a lower p62 level in the tumor region of responders as compared to those of nonresponders among anti-PD-1-treated NSCLC patients is observed. Taken together, by utilizing rigorous computational analysis, functional characterization in vitro and in vivo, and neoadjuvent clinical trial, a novel molecular mechanism is revealed regarding the regulation of PD-L1 via p62, thus providing a novel therapeutic strategy by the combination treatment of CTLA-4 with Sunitinib.
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6
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Liu K, Newbury PA, Glicksberg BS, Zeng WZD, Paithankar S, Andrechek ER, Chen B. Evaluating cell lines as models for metastatic breast cancer through integrative analysis of genomic data. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2138. [PMID: 31092827 PMCID: PMC6520398 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell lines are widely-used models to study metastatic cancer although the extent to which they recapitulate the disease in patients remains unknown. The recent accumulation of genomic data provides an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate the utility of them for metastatic cancer research. Here, we reveal substantial genomic differences between breast cancer cell lines and metastatic breast cancer patient samples. We also identify cell lines that more closely resemble the different subtypes of metastatic breast cancer seen in the clinic and show that surprisingly, MDA-MB-231 cells bear little genomic similarities to basal-like metastatic breast cancer patient samples. Further comparison suggests that organoids more closely resemble the transcriptome of metastatic breast cancer samples compared to cell lines. Our work provides a guide for cell line selection in the context of breast cancer metastasis and highlights the potential of organoids in these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA
| | - Patrick A Newbury
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA
| | - Benjamin S Glicksberg
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94158, CA, USA
| | - William Z D Zeng
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94158, CA, USA
| | - Shreya Paithankar
- Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, School of Computing and Information Systems, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, 49504, MI, USA
| | - Eran R Andrechek
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, 49503, MI, USA.
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7
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Matikas A, Foukakis T, Bergh J. Minimally invasive tissue access as a tool for delivering personalized medicine - with focus on oncology. J Intern Med 2019; 285:395-397. [PMID: 30488991 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Matikas
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Breast Cancer Group and Cancer Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Foukakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Breast Cancer Group and Cancer Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Bergh
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Breast Cancer Group and Cancer Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Targeting autophagy by small molecule inhibitors of vacuolar protein sorting 34 (Vps34) improves the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to Sunitinib. Cancer Lett 2018; 435:32-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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9
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Palazon A, Tyrakis PA, Macias D, Veliça P, Rundqvist H, Fitzpatrick S, Vojnovic N, Phan AT, Loman N, Hedenfalk I, Hatschek T, Lövrot J, Foukakis T, Goldrath AW, Bergh J, Johnson RS. An HIF-1α/VEGF-A Axis in Cytotoxic T Cells Regulates Tumor Progression. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:669-683.e5. [PMID: 29136509 PMCID: PMC5691891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T cells infiltrating tumors are thought to utilize HIF transcription factors during adaptation to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Deletion analyses of the two key HIF isoforms found that HIF-1α, but not HIF-2α, was essential for the effector state in CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, loss of HIF-1α in CD8+ T cells reduced tumor infiltration and tumor cell killing, and altered tumor vascularization. Deletion of VEGF-A, an HIF target gene, in CD8+ T cells accelerated tumorigenesis while also altering vascularization. Analyses of human breast cancer showed inverse correlations between VEGF-A expression and CD8+ T cell infiltration, and a link between T cell infiltration and vascularization. These data demonstrate that the HIF-1α/VEGF-A axis is an essential aspect of tumor immunity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Asis Palazon
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Petros A Tyrakis
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - David Macias
- Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Pedro Veliça
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helene Rundqvist
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Nikola Vojnovic
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthony T Phan
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Niklas Loman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Hedenfalk
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hatschek
- Karolinska Oncology, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Lövrot
- Karolinska Oncology, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Theodoros Foukakis
- Karolinska Oncology, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ananda W Goldrath
- Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Jonas Bergh
- Karolinska Oncology, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Randall S Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Chang YS, Jalgaonkar SP, Middleton JD, Hai T. Stress-inducible gene Atf3 in the noncancer host cells contributes to chemotherapy-exacerbated breast cancer metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E7159-E7168. [PMID: 28784776 PMCID: PMC5576783 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1700455114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a double-edged sword. It is anticancer because of its cytotoxicity. Paradoxically, by increasing chemoresistance and cancer metastasis, it is also procancer. However, the underlying mechanisms for chemotherapy-induced procancer activities are not well understood. Here we describe the ability of paclitaxel (PTX), a frontline chemotherapeutic agent, to exacerbate metastasis in mouse models of breast cancer. We demonstrate that, despite the apparent benefit of reducing tumor size, PTX increased the circulating tumor cells in the blood and enhanced the metastatic burden at the lung. At the primary tumor, PTX increased the abundance of the tumor microenvironment of metastasis, a landmark microanatomical structure at the microvasculature where cancer cells enter the blood stream. At the metastatic lung, PTX improved the tissue microenvironment (the "soil") for cancer cells (the "seeds") to thrive; these changes include increased inflammatory monocytes and reduced cytotoxicity. Importantly, these changes in the primary tumor and the metastatic lung were all dependent on Atf3, a stress-inducible gene, in the noncancer host cells. Together, our data provide mechanistic insights into the procancer effect of chemotherapy, explaining its paradox in the context of the seed-and-soil theory. Analyses of public datasets suggest that our data may have relevance to human cancers. Thus, ATF3 in the host cells links a chemotherapeutic agent-a stressor-to immune modulation and cancer metastasis. Dampening the effect of ATF3 may improve the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Seok Chang
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Swati P Jalgaonkar
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Justin D Middleton
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Tsonwin Hai
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210;
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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11
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Tobin NP, Wennmalm K, Lindström LS, Foukakis T, He L, Genové G, Östman A, Landberg G, Betsholtz C, Bergh J. An Endothelial Gene Signature Score Predicts Poor Outcome in Patients with Endocrine-Treated, Low Genomic Grade Breast Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:2417-26. [PMID: 26769751 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The ability of vascular genes to provide treatment predictive information in breast cancer patients remains unclear. As such, we assessed the expression of genes representative of normal endothelial microvasculature (MV) in relation to treatment-specific patient subgroups. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used expression data from 993 breast tumors to assess 57 MV genes (summarized to yield an MV score) as well as the genomic grade index (GGI) and PAM50 signatures. MV score was compared with CD31 staining by correlation and gene ontology (GO) analysis, along with clinicopathologic characteristics and PAM50 subtypes. Uni-, multivariate, and/or t-test analyses were performed in all and treatment-specific subgroups, along with a clinical trial cohort of patients with metastatic breast cancer, seven of whom received antiangiogenic therapy. RESULTS MV score did not correlate with microvessel density (correlation = 0.096), but displayed enrichment for angiogenic GO terms, and was lower in Luminal B tumors. In endocrine-treated patients, a high MV score was associated with decreased risk of metastasis [HR 0.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.38-0.89], even after adjusting for histologic grade, but not GGI or PAM50. Subgroup analysis showed the prognostic strength of the MV score resided in low genomic grade tumors and MV score was significantly increased in metastatic breast tumors after treatment with sunitinib + docetaxel (P = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS MV score identifies two groups of better and worse survival in low-risk endocrine-treated breast cancer patients. We also show normalization of tumor vasculature on a transcriptional level in response to an angiogenic inhibitor in human breast cancer samples. Clin Cancer Res; 22(10); 2417-26. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Tobin
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kristian Wennmalm
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda S Lindström
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California. Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Theodoros Foukakis
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Guillem Genové
- Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arne Östman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Landberg
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergh
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Foukakis T, Lövrot J, Sandqvist P, Xie H, Lindström LS, Giorgetti C, Jacobsson H, Hedayati E, Bergh J. Gene expression profiling of sequential metastatic biopsies for biomarker discovery in breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2015; 9:1384-91. [PMID: 25888067 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of longitudinal metastatic biopsies for gene expression profiling in breast cancer is unexplored. Dynamic changes in gene expression can potentially predict efficacy of targeted cancer drugs. Patients enrolled in a phase III trial of metastatic breast cancer with docetaxel monotherapy versus combination of docetaxel + sunitinib were offered to participate in a translational substudy comprising longitudinal fine needle aspiration biopsies and Positron Emission Tomography imaging before (T1) and two weeks after start of treatment (T2). Aspirated tumor material was used for microarray analysis, and treatment-induced changes (T2 versus T1) in gene expression and standardized uptake values (SUV) were investigated and correlated to clinical outcome measures. Gene expression profiling yielded high-quality data at both time points in 14/18 patients. Unsupervised clustering revealed specific patterns of changes caused by monotherapy vs. combination therapy (p = 0.021, Fisher's exact test). A therapy-induced reduction of known proliferation and hypoxia metagene scores was prominent in the combination arm. Changes in a previously reported hypoxia metagene score were strongly correlated to the objective responses seen by conventional radiology assessments after 6 weeks in the combination arm, Spearman's ρ = 1 (p = 0.017) but not in monotherapy, ρ = -0.029 (p = 1). Similarly, the Predictor Analysis of Microarrays 50 (PAM50) proliferation metagene correlated to tumor changes merely in the combination arm at 6 and 12 weeks (ρ = 0.900, p = 0.083 and ρ = 1, p = 0.017 respectively). Reductions in mean SUV were a reliable early predictor of objective response in monotherapy, ρ = 0.833 (p = 0.008), but not in the combination arm ρ = -0.029 (p = 1). Gene expression profiling of longitudinal metastatic aspiration biopsies was feasible, demonstrated biological validity and provided predictive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Foukakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - John Lövrot
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Sandqvist
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanjing Xie
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda S Lindström
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, USA
| | | | - Hans Jacobsson
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elham Hedayati
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergh
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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