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Lopes S, Nikitin T, Fausto R. Photochemical Study and Vibrational Spectra of Propiolamide Isolated in Low-Temperature Ar, Xe, and N2 Matrices. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Singh S, Majer M, Czarnecki MA, Morisawa Y, Ozaki Y. Solvent Effect on Assembling and Interactions in Solutions of Phenol: Infrared Spectroscopic and Density Functional Theory Study. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 76:28-37. [PMID: 34643138 DOI: 10.1177/00037028211052302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work provides new insight into assembling of phenol in various solvents and competition between different kinds of interactions. To examine both weak and strong interactions, we selected a series of non-aromatic and aromatic solvents. Infrared spectra were measured at low (0.05 M) and high (2 M) phenol content. In addition, we performed density functional theory calculations of the structures and harmonic vibrational spectra of 1:1 complexes of phenol with the solvents and the associates of phenol from dimer to tetramer. Based on these results, we divided the solvents into three groups. The first group consists of non-aromatic solvents weakly interacting with phenol. Depending on the concentration, molecules of phenol in these solvents remain non-bonded or self-associated. In diluted solutions of phenol in chlorinated non-aromatic solvents do not appear free OH groups, since they are involved in a weak OH···Cl interaction. It is of note that in diluted solutions of phenol in tetramethyl ethylene both the non-bonded and bonded OH coexists due to solvent-solvent interactions. The second group consists of aromatic solvents with methyl or chlorine substituents. At low concentration, the molecules of phenol are involved in the phenol-solvent OH···π interaction and the strength of these interactions depends on the solvent properties. At a higher phenol content an equilibrium exists between phenol-solvent OH···π and phenol-phenol OH···OH interactions. Finally, the third group includes the aromatic and non-aromatic solvents with highly polar group (C≡N). In these solvents, regardless of the concentration all molecules of phenol are involved in the solute-solvent OH···NC interaction. Comparison of the experimental and theoretical band parameters reveals that molecules of phenol in non-aromatic solvents prefer the cyclic associates, while in the aromatic solvents they tend to form the linear associates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Singh
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Majer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Yusuke Morisawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo, Japan
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Aichi, Japan
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Chiba T, Katada M, Fujii A. Cooperativity of the Activated CH/π Interaction Probed through CH Stretching Vibrations in Phenol-(Acetylene) n (∼16 ≤ n ≤ ∼30) and (Acetylene) n+ (10 ≤ n ≤ 70) Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3885-3891. [PMID: 33942618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The acidity of acetylene CH is stronger than that of alkane CH, and the attractive interaction between an acetylene CH with π-electrons, which shows a clear hydrogen bond property, is called activated CH/π interaction. In this study, cooperative enhancement of the activated CH/π interaction has been probed through the cluster size dependence of the red shift of the acetylene CH stretching vibrational band in neutral phenol-(acetylene)n (∼16 ≤ n ≤ ∼30) and (acetylene)n+ (10 ≤ n ≤ 70). In both the clusters, the characteristic asymmetric (red-shaded) shape of the CH stretch band has been observed. This band shape means that the magnitude of the activated CH/π interaction is enhanced by its cooperativity in the interior moiety of the cluster. The red-shifted component of the band extends with increasing cluster size, and the edge of this component seems to reach to the CH stretch band position of crystalline acetylene at the size of n = 20-30, indicating that dozens of molecules need to interact each other to maximize cooperativity in the activated CH/π interaction of acetylene. On the other hand, the peak position of the band does not converge to that of crystalline acetylene in the observed size range. The present result suggests that the spectral convergence of acetylene clusters to the bulk may occur in the cluster size range of hundreds or larger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Chiba
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Marusu Katada
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Asuka Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Chandra S, Suryaprasad B, Ramanathan N, Sundararajan K. Dominance of unique Pπ phosphorus bonding with π donors: evidence using matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and computational methodology. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20771-20791. [PMID: 32909555 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02880k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Albeit the first account of hypervalentπ interactions has been reported with halogenπ interactions, the feasibility of their extension to other hypervalent atoms as possible Lewis acids is still open. In this work, the role of phosphorus as an acceptor from the π electron cloud (Pπ pnicogen or phosphorus bonding) in PCl3-C2H2 and PCl3-C2H4 heterodimers is explored, by combining matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy with ab initio and DFT computational methodologies. The respective potential energy surfaces of the PCl3-C2H2 and PCl3-C2H4 heterodimers reveal unique minima stabilized by a concert of reasonably strong to weak interactions, of which Pπ phosphorus bonding was energetically dominant. Heterodimers, trimers and tetramers bound primarily by this unique phosphorus bond were generated at low temperatures. The dominance of phosphorus bonding in the PCl3-C2H2 and PCl3-C2H4 heterodimers over other interactions (such as Hπ, HCl, HP, Clπ and lone pair-π interactions) was confirmed and substantiated using extended quantum theory of atoms in molecules, natural bond orbital, electrostatic potential mapping and energy decomposition analyses. The following inferences in correlation with results from non-covalent-interaction analysis offer a complete understanding of the nature of the Pπ phosphorus bonding interactions. The significance of electrostatic forces kinetically favoring the formation of phosphorus bonded heterodimers, in addition to thermodynamic stabilization, is demonstrated experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaroop Chandra
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - B Suryaprasad
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - N Ramanathan
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K Sundararajan
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603102, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Sarkar S, Ramanathan N, Sruthi P, Sundararajan K. Computational and experimental evidence of N–H…π and cooperative πN…π∗ interactions in pyrrole…benzene and pyrrole…ethylene heterodimers at low temperatures. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sarkar S, Ramanathan N, Sruthi PK, Sundararajan K. Conformations of diethyl ether and its interaction with pyrrole at low temperatures. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 213:361-369. [PMID: 30721851 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Conformations of diethyl ether (DEE) were studied at low temperatures in N2 and Ar matrixes. Computations performed at B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory yielded three minima corresponding to tt, tg± and g±g± conformers of DEE. Of the three, the tt and tg± conformers of DEE were experimentally identified in N2 and Ar matrixes. Furthermore, hydrogen bonded complexes of pyrrole (py) with DEE have been investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy. Computations performed at B3LYP level of theory using aug-cc-pVDZ basis set on pyrrole with tt and tg± conformers of DEE gave py-DEE-tt and py-DEE-tg± complexes, both characterized by NH⋯O interaction. Experimental evidence for the formation of py-DEE-tt and py-DEE-tg± complexes was affirmed from the shifts in the NH stretching, NH bending regions of pyrrole and COC and CH stretching regions of DEE. NBO analysis was carried out to understand the charge-transfer delocalization interactions in the conformers of DEE and its hydrogen bonded complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Sarkar
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
| | - N Ramanathan
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
| | - P K Sruthi
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
| | - K Sundararajan
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam 603 102, India.
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Sarkar S, Ramanathan N, Sundararajan K. Experimental Evidence of Synergistic Interactions in Pyrrole–Phenol Complexes at Low Temperatures under Isolated Conditions. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:9073-9083. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b09076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Sarkar
- Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu 603 102, India
| | - N. Ramanathan
- Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu 603 102, India
| | - K. Sundararajan
- Materials Chemistry & Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu 603 102, India
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Banerjee P, Chakraborty T. Weak hydrogen bonds: insights from vibrational spectroscopic studies. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2018.1419731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pujarini Banerjee
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapas Chakraborty
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
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Sarkar S, Ramanathan N, Sundararajan K. Effect of Methyl Substitution on the N–H···O Interaction in Complexes of Pyrrole with Water, Methanol, and Dimethyl Ether: Matrix Isolation Infrared Spectroscopy and ab Initio Computational Studies. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2445-2460. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Sarkar
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
| | - N. Ramanathan
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
| | - K. Sundararajan
- Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam 603 102, India
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Sarkar S, Ramanathan N, Gopi R, Sundararajan K. Pyrrole multimers and pyrrole-acetylene hydrogen bonded complexes studied in N2 and para-H2 matrixes using matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and ab initio computations. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Singh G, Nandi A, Gadre SR, Chiba T, Fujii A. A combined theoretical and experimental study of phenol-(acetylene)n (n ≤ 7) clusters. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:154303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4979953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gopi R, Ramanathan N, Sundararajan K. Probing C-H⋯N interaction in acetylene-benzonitrile complex using matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and DFT computations. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Sundararajan K, Gopi R, Ramanathan N. Conformations of propargyl alcohol and its interaction with acetylene: A matrix isolation infrared and DFT computations. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vojta D, Vazdar M. The study of hydrogen bonding and π⋯π interactions in phenol⋯ethynylbenzene complex by IR spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 132:6-14. [PMID: 24845872 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Weak hydrogen bonds between phenol and ethynylbenzene in tetrachloroethene were explored by using FTIR spectroscopy. Association constants (Kc) were determined by high dilution method at two temperatures, 20°C and 26°C, and they are, respectively, 0.54±0.09 mol(-1) dm3 and 0.36±0.08 mol(-1) dm3. The position of ethynylbenzene stretching band, when in hydrogen bonding complex with phenol (CC⋯), is proposed to be governed by the interplay of OH⋯π (CC moiety or phenyl ring of ethynylbenzene) and π⋯π (phenyl ring of phenol⋯CC moiety or phenyl ring of ethynylbenzene) interactions. This conclusion is supported by the findings on the complex between ethanol and ethynylbenzene; in the latter, CC⋯ stretching band is shifted to the higher wavenumbers, as expected when ethynylbenzene interacts with hydrogen bond donor. Geometries and energies of the presumed complexes, as well as their vibrational spectra, are predicted by using ab initio calculations. The spectroscopic and thermodynamic data obtained here offer the missing pieces in the present picture of migration of H-atom of phenol OH group between competing hydrogen bond accepting centers on ethynylbenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Vojta
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Mario Vazdar
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia
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Cao Q, Andrijchenko N, Ahola AE, Domanskaya A, Räsänen M, Ermilov A, Nemukhin A, Khriachtchev L. Interaction of phenol with xenon and nitrogen: Spectroscopic and computational characterization. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:134305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4754435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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17
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Giuliano BM, Reva I, Lapinski L, Fausto R. Infrared spectra and ultraviolet-tunable laser induced photochemistry of matrix-isolated phenol and phenol-d5. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:024505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3666018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sundararajan K, Ramanathan N, Kar BP, Viswanathan K. Hydrogen bonded complexes of acetylene and boric acid: A matrix isolation infrared and ab initio study. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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