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Abu Zeid ST, Alnoury A. Characterisation of the Bioactivity and the Solubility of a New Root Canal Sealer. Int Dent J 2023; 73:760-769. [PMID: 37244780 PMCID: PMC10509446 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyse the effect of using phosphate buffer solution (PBS) on the solubility, pH changes, surface structure, and elemental composition of a new bioceramic Cerafill sealer compared with Endosequence sealer and AH26 resin-based sealer. METHODS A fresh mixture of each sealer moistened with either deionised water or PBS was subjected to a setting time test. Set discs (n = 10) were submerged in either deionised water or PBS to evaluate pH changes and solubility at 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Surface characterisation of the sealers was done before and after solubility tests using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analyses. RESULTS An analysis of variance revealed a significant delay in setting of BC-Endosequence (P < .001) with no significant difference when each sealer was moistened with deionised water or PBS (P > .05). Both bioceramic sealers exhibited highly alkaline pH (range, 9.47-10.72). When the sealer was submerged in deionised water, Endosequence exhibited significantly greater solubility, whilst Cerafill and AH26 gained weight. When the sealers were submerged in PBS, both bioceramic sealers gained more weight, with significantly greater values for Endosequence (P < .001). Hydroxyapatite formation was revealed by SEM/EDX and FTIR. CONCLUSIONS PBS promoted the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals that protect the bioceramic sealers from dissolving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan T Abu Zeid
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Arwa Alnoury
- Restorative Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Öztürk Z, Bal C, Güngörmüş M, Aksoy M. Effects of a mineralization-promoting peptide on the physical and chemical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105570. [PMID: 36493613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used widely in dentistry due to its sealing ability and biocompatibility. Delayed setting time is one of the major limitations of MTA. Various additives have been studied to further improve the properties of MTA with varied degrees of success. In this study, we have investigated the effect of a calcium phosphate mineralization promoting-peptide (MPP3) on the physical and chemical properties of MTA in comparison with Na2HPO4. Based on the reported effects of MPP3 on calcium-phosphate mineralization reaction, our hypothesis was that MPP3 may also show beneficial effects on the calcium-silicate mineralization system of MTA. Na2HPO4 was used for comparison since its setting accelerant effect on MTA has been well documented. The cements were prepared by mixing with distilled water, 0.40 mM MPP3 solution, 15% Na2HPO4 solution, and a combination of MPP3 and Na2HPO4 solution. Initial and final setting times were measured via Vicat needle. Microhardness values were measured via Vickers indenter at 1,3,7, and 28 days after hydration. Compressive strength after setting was measured via universal testing machine. Morphological and compositional analyses were performed via FESEM imaging, XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The microhardness data was evaluated via repeated-measures ANOVA. Setting time and compressive strength data were evasluated via one-way ANOVA. Initial setting time was reduced to ∼3 min in the Na2HPO4 containing groups but remained at ∼5 min in the control and MPP3 groups. Final setting times were significantly reduced in all groups compared to the control group. The reduction in the final setting times in the Na2HPO4 containing groups were significantly higher compared to the MPP3 group. Microhardness was significantly higher in the MPP3 group at all time points. No statistically significant difference in compressive strength was observed among the groups. FESEM analysis showed presence of ettringite crystals in the MPP3 group, and NaBiO3 crystals in the Na2HPO4 containing groups. XRD analysis showed a broadening of peaks at 2θ = 32° in the Na2HPO4 containing groups, possibly due to presence of NaBiO3. Raman spectroscopy showed statistically higher ettringite content in the MPP3 containing groups. Our findings indicate that MPP3 is a beneficial additive to eliminate some of the drawbacks associated with MTA with no detrimental effects on mechanical properties and without resulting in phases that potentially cause discoloration, such as NaBiO3. We propose that the reduced final setting time and increased microhardness by MPP3 may be associated with the increased ettringite content. Future studies, where wider range of MPP3 concentrations are studied may help elucidate and optimize the beneficial effects of MPP3 observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Öztürk
- Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Dentistry Faculty, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Cenkhan Bal
- Health Sciences University, Gülhane Dentistry Faculty, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Güngörmüş
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, MERLAB Application and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Merve Aksoy
- Health Sciences University, Gülhane Dentistry Faculty, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey.
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3
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Marchetti M, Mechling JM, Janvier-Badosa S, Offroy M. Benefits of Chemometric and Raman Spectroscopy Applied to the Kinetics of Setting and Early Age Hydration of Cement Paste. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:37-52. [PMID: 36220774 DOI: 10.1177/00037028221135065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The addition of water is used to past by internal post-curing of hardening cement. Hydration and curing of cementitious are widely identified by non-destructive 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of transverse relaxation time and self-diffusion. However, those non-destructive analytical methodologies do not give a truly chemical characterization of the cement matrix during the hydration and curing process. Indeed, the NMR studies only the water dynamics of hydrating cement with internal post-curing. Recent research indicated chemometrics coupled with Raman spectroscopy allows for a better understanding of chemical processes. Recent advances in computing gave industries and research centers the opportunity to generate cost effective data. In this work, an original method is presented, which uses both a data analysis and a non-invasive, non-destructive Raman monitoring of the hydration reaction of a Portland cement. Data was then analyzed by means of chemometrics methods (principal components analysis (PCA), independent components analysis (ICA), and multivariate curve resolution-alternated least-squares (MCR-ALS) with SIMPLe-to-use Interactive Self-modelling Mixture Analysi (SIMPLISMA) and Orthogonal Projection Approach (OP initialization). Results were compared to the ones obtained with thermogravimetric analysis of this cement paste. Besides the consistency of results from both analytical measurements, chemometrics coupled to Raman spectroscopy accurately revealed the details of the setting without any samples collection. The acquisition frequency allowed a proper identification of the occurrence of each of the various phases involved in the hydration and setting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Marchetti
- MAST, Université Gustave Eiffel, MAST, UMR MCD, Marne la Vallée, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Marc Offroy
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, Nancy, France
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Chemical-Physical Properties and Bioactivity of New Premixed Calcium Silicate-Bioceramic Root Canal Sealers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213914. [PMID: 36430393 PMCID: PMC9692705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze the chemical−physical properties and bioactivity (apatite-forming ability) of three recently introduced premixed bioceramic root canal sealers containing varied amounts of different calcium silicates (CaSi): a dicalcium and tricalcium silicate (1−10% and 20−30%)-containing sealer with zirconium dioxide and tricalcium aluminate (CERASEAL); a tricalcium silicate (5−15%)-containing sealer with zirconium dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide and lithium carbonate (AH PLUS BIOCERAMIC) and a dicalcium and tricalcium silicate (10% and 25%)-containing sealer with calcium aluminate, tricalcium aluminate and tantalite (NEOSEALER FLO). An epoxy resin-based sealer (AH PLUS) was used as control. The initial and final setting times, radiopacity, flowability, film thickness, open pore volume, water absorption, solubility, calcium release and alkalizing activity were tested. The nucleation of calcium phosphates and/or apatite after 28 days aging in Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) was evaluated by ESEM-EDX, vibrational IR and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The analyses showed for NeoSealer Flo and AH Plus the longest final setting times (1344 ± 60 and 1300 ± 60 min, respectively), while shorter times for AH Plus Bioceramic and Ceraseal (660 ± 60 and 720 ± 60 min, respectively). Radiopacity, flowability and film thickness complied with ISO 6876/12 for all tested materials. A significantly higher open pore volume was observed for NeoSealer Flo, AH Plus Bioceramic and Ceraseal when compared to AH Plus (p < 0.05), significantly higher values were observed for NeoSealer Flo and AH Plus Bioceramic (p < 0.05). Ceraseal and AH Plus revealed the lowest solubility. All CaSi-containing sealers released calcium and alkalized the soaking water. After 28 days immersion in HBSS, ESEM-EDX analyses revealed the formation of a mineral layer that covered the surface of all bioceramic sealers, with a lower detection of radiopacifiers (Zirconium for Ceraseal and AH Plus Bioceramic, Tantalum for NeoSealer Flo) and an increase in calcium, phosphorous and carbon. The calcium phosphate (CaP) layer was more evident on NeoSealer Flo and AH Plus Bioceramic. IR and micro-Raman revealed the formation of calcium carbonate on the surface of all set materials. A thin layer of a CaP phase was detected only on AH Plus Bioceramic and NeoSealer Flo. Ceraseal did not show CaP deposit despite its highest calcium release among all the tested CaSi-containing sealers. In conclusion, CaSi-containing sealers met the required chemical and physical standards and released biologically relevant ions. Slight/limited apatite nucleation was observed in relation to the high carbonation processes.
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Song X, Díaz-Cuenca A. Sol-Gel Synthesis of Endodontic Cements: Post-Synthesis Treatment to Improve Setting Performance and Bioactivity. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15176051. [PMID: 36079433 PMCID: PMC9457680 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The sol-gel process is a wet chemical technique that allows very fine control of the composition, microstructure, and final textural properties of materials, and has great potential for the synthesis of endodontic cements with improved properties. In this work, the influence of different sol-gel synthesis variables on the preparation of endodontic cement based on calcium silicate with Ca/Si stoichiometry equal to 3 was studied. Starting from the most optimal hydraulic composition selected, a novel second post-synthesis treatment using ethanol was essayed. The effects of the tested variables were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen physisorption, and Gillmore needles to determine the setting time and simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion to measure the bioactive response in vitro. The results indicated that the sol-gel technique is effective in obtaining bioactive endodontic cements (BECs) with high content of the hydraulic compound tricalcium silicate (C3S) in its triclinic polymorph. The implementation of a novel post-synthesis treatment at room temperature using ethanol allows obtaining a final BEC product with a finer particle size and a higher CaCO3 content, which results in an improved material in terms of setting time and bioactive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Song
- Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS), Joint CSIC-University of Seville Center, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Díaz-Cuenca
- Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS), Joint CSIC-University of Seville Center, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Hydration Characterization of Two Generations of MTA-Based Root Canal Sealers. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Since the setting characterization of a root canal sealer has an impact on its biological behavior of final obturation, this study evaluated the setting characterization of mineral trioxide aggregate MTA-Fillapex versus MTA-Bioseal compared with epoxy resin (Adseal) root canal sealers. Freshly mixed sealer was inserted into the mold (n = 10). The initial and final setting times were evaluated using a Vicat needle and were then statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA at p < 0.05. The raw pastes and the stages of the setting reaction were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The phase compositions were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). A significant and fast setting time was recorded by Adseal (4.7 ± 0.46 h) followed by MTA-Bioseal (11.4 ± 1.34 h) at p < 0.001. The MTA-Fillapex did not set completely in three months. The FTIR and XRD of both MTA-Bioseal and Adseal detected bands of the polymerized phases, while those of MTA-Fillapex detected partial polymerization with a low percentage of polymerized silica. MTA-Bioseal and Adseal met the ISO standards for setting times. However, MTA-Fillapex did not fulfill the ideal requirement for the sealer. Although the raw pastes of both MTA-sealers had nearly similar compositions, they behaved differently during the hydration reaction. MTA-Bioseal set completely, while MTA-Fillapex was not completely set.
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Impact of Water Solubility on Chemical Composition and Surface Structure of Two Generations of Bioceramic Root Canal Sealers. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aimed to evaluate the effect of water solubility on chemical properties and surface structure of bioceramic-based (BC-HiFlow and BC-EndoSeqence) compared with resin-based (Adseal) root canal sealers. Fresh mix was inserted into polyethylene mold (n = 10) and subjected to Vicat needle to evaluate the setting time. The set discs were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy then immersed in deionized water for 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. The solubility%, pH changes, released calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (PO43−) and silicon (Si4+) ions were evaluated after each immersion period. The discs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy/Energy dispersed X-ray (SEM/EDX) before and after solubility test. Although FTIR detected similar composition of both bioceramic-sealers, BC-EndoSequence determined the prolonged setting times. At the end of solubility test, both bioceramic-sealers exhibited significant greater solubility (>3%), alkaline pH (>11) at p < 0.001. Adseal displayed the significant greatest Ca2+ and PO43− released, while BC-HiFlow displayed the significant greatest Si4+ release (p < 0.001). SEM revealed voids and pores on the surface of all tested sealers with the greatest value on Adseal surface. In conclusion, although both bioceramic-sealers had high solubility, BC-Hiflow complied the ISO standard regarding setting time and least surface micropores better than that of BC-EndoSequence.
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Abu Zeid ST, Alamoudi RA, Merdad K. Morphological and chemical analysis of surface interaction of irrigant-endosequence root repair material. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:3383-3392. [PMID: 32643248 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the characterization of chemical interaction of root canal irrigants on the surface of EndoSequence root repair materials using spectroscopy analysis. Round discs of putty and paste were obtained and immersed in saline, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), or chlorhexidine. On the surface of chlorhexidine treated putty, diffuse red pigmentation was detected by Raman analysis and diffuse black pigmentation having unusual needle-like shaped crystals was detected by scanning electron microscopy. This pigmentation formed from nitrogen-rich compounds detected by Raman, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Mineral/amide ratios were increased by NaOCl and significantly decreased by chlorhexidine. Carbonate/phosphate ratios showed no significant changes by NaOCl, while a significant decrease by chlorhexidine. A full half of maximum widthRaman of the phosphate band was significantly increased by NaOCl, while decreased by chlorhexidine. In conclusion; nitrogen-rich compounds produced by chlorhexidine altered the surface morphology of the putty without crystallinity reduction. However, NaOCl reduced the organic fillers that affected its binding to phosphate ions. This reaction affects the chemical properties and perfection of root repair material. The clinicians should be aware of different irrigants to be used after repairing the perforation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan T Abu Zeid
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ruaa A Alamoudi
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Merdad
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Abu Zeid ST, Alamoudi RA, Abou Neel EA, Mokeem Saleh AA. Morphological and Spectroscopic Study of an Apatite Layer Induced by Fast-Set Versus Regular-Set EndoSequence Root Repair Materials. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12223678. [PMID: 31717256 PMCID: PMC6888519 DOI: 10.3390/ma12223678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the morphology and chemistry of an apatite layer induced by fast-set versus regular-set EndoSequence root repair materials using spectroscopic analysis. Holes of a 4 mm diameter were created in the root canal dentin, which were filled with the test material. Fetal calf serum was used as the incubation medium, and the samples incubated in deionized water were used as controls. The material-surface and material-dentin interfaces were analyzed after 28 days using Raman and infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction. After incubation in fetal calf serum, both materials formed a uniform layer of calcium phosphate precipitate on their surfaces, with the dentinal interface. This precipitated layer was a combination of hydroxyapatite and calcite or aragonite, and had a high mineral maturity with the regular-set paste. However, its crystallinity index was high with the fast-set putty. Typically, both consistencies (putty and paste) of root repair material have an apatite formation ability when they are incubated in fetal calf serum. This property could be beneficial in improving their sealing ability for root canal dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan T. Abu Zeid
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (A.A.M.S.)
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5-0952-8971
| | - Ruaa A. Alamoudi
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (A.A.M.S.)
| | - Ensanya A. Abou Neel
- Division of Biomaterials, Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta 31512, Egypt
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, 256 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK
| | - Abeer A. Mokeem Saleh
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (A.A.M.S.)
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Di Foggia M, Prati C, Gandolfi MG, Taddei P. Spectroscopic and morphological data assessing the apatite forming ability of calcium hydroxide-releasing materials for pulp capping. Data Brief 2019; 23:103719. [PMID: 31372388 PMCID: PMC6661258 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.103719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A pulp capping material must perform as a barrier and protect the dental pulpal complex by inducing the formation of a new dentin bridge or dentin-like tissue. Being a favorable condition for the healing process, the apatite forming ability of TheraCal (light-curable Portland-dimethacrylate cement) and Dycal (calcium hydroxide-based) pulp capping materials was studied in two simulated body fluids, i.e. Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS) and Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS). The cements were analyzed before and after soaking in these media for different times (1–28 days) by ESEM-EDX, micro-Raman and IR spectroscopy. This data article refers to “An in vitro study on dentin demineralization and remineralization: collagen rearrangements and influence on the enucleated phase” (Di Foggia et al., 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Di Foggia
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8/2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section, Unit of Odontostomatological Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, Unit of Dental Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Taddei
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8/2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Gandolfi MG, Zamparini F, Degli Esposti M, Chiellini F, Aparicio C, Fava F, Fabbri P, Taddei P, Prati C. Polylactic acid-based porous scaffolds doped with calcium silicate and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate designed for biomedical application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 82:163-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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β-Dicalcium Silicate Cement Modified with β-Tricalcium Phosphate: In Vitro Bioactivity and Mechanical Strength. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.35.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-silicate cement mainly based on dicalcium-silicate (C2S) was synthesized by the mean of solid state reaction. Beta-C3P was added to C2S to obtain C2S-C3P. Zinc oxide and bismuth oxide was incorporated to prepare radioc cement. In this work, the bioactivity and the mechanical strength of the synthesized cement were investigated. The in vitro test was carried out by immersion of cement pastilles in the artificial saliva in different periods from 4 hours to 30 days. Whereas the mechanical strength of some samples was operated at 28 and 72 days. The specimens are characterized by X-ray diffraction , Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The finding results indicated that hydroxyapatite may appear after 24 hours of soaking; it was also shown that the presence of C3P with a small amount of the cement can enhance the bioactivity and develop more resistance strength of cement. Moreover, the addition of zinc oxide and bismuth oxide increase the radiopacity of the cement. However, the mechanical strength enhances with the incorporation of the zinc oxide while decrease with bismuth oxide. It was concluded then that there is possibility of combining addition of C3P (10%) and an agent radiopacifiers ZnO/Bi2O3(15%) with small amounts on C2S to obtain a cement with excellent bioactivity, good mechanical strength and significante radiopacity that makes this material a great candidate as a biomaterial for biomedical use.
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Voicu G, Jinga SI, Drosu BG, Busuioc C. Improvement of silicate cement properties with bacterial cellulose powder addition for applications in dentistry. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:160-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Siboni F, Taddei P, Prati C, Gandolfi MG. Properties of NeoMTA Plus and MTA Plus cements for endodontics. Int Endod J 2017; 50 Suppl 2:e83-e94. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Siboni
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Dental School; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - P. Taddei
- Unit of Biochemistry; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - C. Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section; Dental School; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - M. G. Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Dental School; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Tanomaru-Filho M, Andrade AS, Rodrigues EM, Viola KS, Faria G, Camilleri J, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Biocompatibility and mineralized nodule formation of Neo MTA Plus and an experimental tricalcium silicate cement containing tantalum oxide. Int Endod J 2017; 50 Suppl 2:e31-e39. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tanomaru-Filho
- UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara School of Dentistry; Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - A. S. Andrade
- UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara School of Dentistry; Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - E. M. Rodrigues
- UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara School of Dentistry; Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - K. S. Viola
- UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara School of Dentistry; Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - G. Faria
- UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara School of Dentistry; Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - J. Camilleri
- University of Malta; Faculty of Dental Surgery; Department of Restorative Dentistry; Msida Malta
| | - J. M. Guerreiro-Tanomaru
- UNESP - São Paulo State University; Araraquara School of Dentistry; Department of Restorative Dentistry; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
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Taddei P, Prati C, Gandolfi MG. A poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based resin improves the dentin remineralizing ability of calcium silicates. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 77:755-764. [PMID: 28532089 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive polymeric composites have received great attention for their capability to remineralize the dentin tissue. This study was aimed at evaluating if a poly(HEMA-co-TEGDMA) resin (HEMA: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; TEGDMA: triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) may increase the in vitro apatite forming ability of a calcium silicate cement (CaSi), in view of developing a hydrophilic light-curable composite bio-remineralizing restorative material (R-CaSi). To this purpose, the following experiments were carried out: (1) In vitro apatite forming ability of R-CaSi and CaSi was comparatively assessed by micro-Raman spectroscopy after immersion of the cement disks in Dulbecco's Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS) at 37°C for 1-28days; (2) Previously demineralized human dentin slices were soaked for 7days in close contact with the CaSi and R-CaSi cements as well as poly(HEMA), poly(TEGDMA) and poly(HEMA-co-TEGDMA), and then were comparatively analyzed by IR spectroscopy. Micro-Raman spectroscopy showed that in calcium phosphate nucleation tests, the B-type carbonated apatite deposit formed on R-CaSi was thicker than that on CaSi; therefore, the poly(HEMA-co-TEGDMA) resin proved able to increase the in vitro apatite forming ability of the calcium silicate-based cement. Both cements were found to induce dentin remineralization, R-CaSi to a higher extent, in agreement with the calcium phosphate nucleation tests. This result may be ascribed to the positive role played by the polymeric component, which was found to interact with collagen and to chelate calcium ions. Upon remineralization, collagen underwent conformational rearrangements and the formed apatite phase, rather than a simple deposit, was intimately bound to the collagen matrix, thanks to the calcium ions chelated by it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Taddei
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 8/2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Carlo Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section, Unit of Odontostomatological Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, Unit of Odontostomatological Sciences, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy
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Gong V, França R. Nanoscale chemical surface characterization of four different types of dental pulp-capping materials. J Dent 2017; 58:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Calcium silicate bioactive cements: Biological perspectives and clinical applications. Dent Mater 2015; 31:351-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Calcium Silicate and Calcium Hydroxide Materials for Pulp Capping: Biointeractivity, Porosity, Solubility and Bioactivity of Current Formulations. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2015; 13:43-60. [DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The chemical-physical properties of novel and long-standing calcium silicate cements versus conventional pulp capping calcium hydroxide biomaterials were compared. Methods Calcium hydroxide–based (Calxyl, Dycal, Life, Lime-Lite) and calcium silicate–based (ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, MTA Plus, Biodentine, Tech Biosealer capping, TheraCal) biomaterials were examined. Calcium and hydroxyl ion release, water sorption, interconnected open pores, apparent porosity, solubility and apatite-forming ability in simulated body fluid were evaluated. Results All calcium silicate materials released more calcium. Tech Biosealer capping, MTA Plus gel and Biodentine showed the highest values of calcium release, while Lime-Lite the lowest. All the materials showed alkalizing activity except for Life and Lime-Lite. Calcium silicate materials showed high porosity values: Tech Biosealer capping, MTA Plus gel and MTA Angelus showed the highest values of porosity, water sorption and solubility, while TheraCal the lowest. The solubility of water-containing materials was higher and correlated with the liquid-to-powder ratio. Calcium phosphate (CaP) deposits were noted on materials surfaces after short aging times. Scant deposits were detected on Lime-Lite. A CaP coating composed of spherulites was detected on all calcium silicate materials and Dycal after 28 days. The thickness, continuity and Ca/P ratio differed markedly among the materials. MTA Plus showed the thickest coating, ProRoot MTA showed large spherulitic deposits, while TheraCal presented very small dense spherulites. Conclusions calcium silicate-based cements are biointeractive (ion-releasing) bioactive (apatite-forming) functional biomaterials. The high rate of calcium release and the fast formation of apatite may well explain the role of calcium silicate biomaterials as scaffold to induce new dentin bridge formation and clinical healing.
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Profeta AC. Preparation and properties of calcium-silicate filled resins for dental restoration. Part II: Micro-mechanical behaviour to primed mineral-depleted dentine. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:607-17. [PMID: 24490642 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.880188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluating microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and Knoop micro-hardness (KHN) of resin bonded-dentine interfaces created with two methacrylate-based systems either incorporating Bioglass 45S5 (3-E&RA/BG) or MTA (3-E&RA/WMTA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Solvated resins (50% ethanol/50% co-monomers) were used as primers while their neat counterparts were filled with the two calcium-silicate compounds. Application of neat resin adhesive with no filler served as control (3-E&RA). μTBS, KHN analysis and confocal tandem scanning microscopy (TSM) micropermeability were carried out after 24 h and 10 months of storage in phosphate buffer solution (DPBS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed after debonding. RESULTS High μTBS values were achieved in all groups after 24 h of DPBS storage. On the contrary, solely the specimens created using 3-E&RA/BG and 3-E&RA/WMTA agents showed no significant reduction in terms of μTBS even after 10 months in DPBS; similarly, they did not restore the average superficial micro-hardness to the level of sound dentine, but maintained unchanged KHN values, and no statistical decrease was found following 10 months of DPBS storage. The only statistically significant changes occurred in the resin-dentine interfaces bonded with 3-E&RA that were subjected to a reduction of both μTBS and KHN values with ageing. In terms of micropermeability, adverse results were obtained with 3-E&RA while 3-E&RA/BG and 3-E&RA/WMTA demonstrated a beneficial effect after prolonged DPBS storage. CONCLUSION Calcium-silicate filled composite resins performed better than a current etch-and-rinse adhesive and had a therapeutic/protective effect on the micro-mechanical properties of mineral-depleted resin-dentine interfaces. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The incorporation of calcium-silicates into dental restorative and bonding agents can create more biomimetic (life-like) restorations. This will not only enable these materials to mimic the physical characteristics of the tooth structure, but will also stabilize and protect the remaining dental hard tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Corrado Profeta
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biomaterials Science, Biomimetics and Biophotonics (B3) Research Group, King's College London Dental Institute, Guy's Dental Hospital , London , UK
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Profeta A, Mannocci F, Foxton R, Watson T, Feitosa V, De Carlo B, Mongiorgi R, Valdré G, Sauro S. Experimental etch-and-rinse adhesives doped with bioactive calcium silicate-based micro-fillers to generate therapeutic resin–dentin interfaces. Dent Mater 2013; 29:729-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Gandolfi MG, Taddei P, Modena E, Siboni F, Prati C. Biointeractivity-related versus chemi/physisorption-related apatite precursor-forming ability of current root end filling materials. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:1107-23. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Unit of Odontostomatological Sciences, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Paola Taddei
- Unit of Biochemistry; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Enrico Modena
- Unit of Biochemistry; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Francesco Siboni
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Unit of Odontostomatological Sciences, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Carlo Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section (Unit of Odontostomatological Sciences); Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Gandolfi MG, Taddei P, Siboni F, Modena E, De Stefano ED, Prati C. Biomimetic remineralization of human dentin using promising innovative calcium-silicate hybrid “smart” materials. Dent Mater 2011; 27:1055-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gandolfi MG, Taddei P, Siboni F, Modena E, Ginebra MP, Prati C. Fluoride-containing nanoporous calcium-silicate MTA cements for endodontics and oral surgery: early fluorapatite formation in a phosphate-containing solution. Int Endod J 2011; 44:938-49. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01907.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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