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Das U, Kar B, Pete S, Paira P. Ru(ii), Ir(iii), Re(i) and Rh(iii) based complexes as next generation anticancer metallopharmaceuticals. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11259-11290. [PMID: 34342316 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01326b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Several anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, and its analogues, epirubicin, and doxorubicin are well known for their anticancer activity but the therapeutic value of these drugs comes with certain side effects and they cannot distinguish between normal and cancer cells. Thus, a major challenge for researchers around the world is to develop an anticancer drug with the least toxicity and more target specificity. With the successful reporting of NAMI-A and KP1019, a new path has emerged in the anticancer field. Recently, several Ru(ii) complexes have been reported for their anticancer activity due to their enhanced cellular uptake and selectivity towards cancer cells. Apart from the Ru(ii) complexes, a large amount of research has been carried out with Ir(iii), Re(i), and Rh(iii) based complexes, which exhibited promising anticancer activity. The present review reports various Ru(ii), Ir(iii), Re(i), and Rh(iii) based complexes for their anticancer activity based on their cytotoxicity profiles, biological targets and mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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Sudhindra P, Ajay Sharma S, Roy N, Moharana P, Paira P. Recent advances in cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and mechanism of action of ruthenium metallodrugs: A review. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Pujante-Galián MA, Pérez SA, Montalbán MG, Carissimi G, Fuster MG, Víllora G, García G. p-Cymene Complexes of Ruthenium(II) as Antitumor Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:E5063. [PMID: 33142775 PMCID: PMC7662397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the cytotoxic behavior of six ruthenium(II) complexes of stoichiometry [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl2L] (I-VI), L = 4-cyanopyridine (I), 2-aminophenol (II), 4-aminophenol (III), pyridazine (IV), and [(η6-p-cymene)RuClL2]PF6; L = cyanopyridine (V), L = 2-aminophenol(VI) towards three cell lines was studied. Two of them, HeLa and MCF-7, are human carcinogenic cells from cervical carcinoma and human breast cancer, respectively. A comparison with healthy cells was carried out with BGM cells which are monkey epithelial cells of renal origin. The behavior of complex II exhibits selectivity towards healthy cells, which is a promising feature for use in cancer treatment since it might reduce the side effects of most current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Angeles Pujante-Galián
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.G.)
| | - Sergio A. Pérez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Mercedes G. Montalbán
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Guzmán Carissimi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Marta G. Fuster
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Gloria Víllora
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Gabriel García
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.G.)
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Bipyrazole Based Novel Bimetallic µ-oxo Bridged Au(III) Complexes as Potent DNA Interacalative, Genotoxic, Anticancer, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Agents. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Self-assembled ruthenium (II) metallacycles and metallacages with imidazole-based ligands and their in vitro anticancer activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:4090-4098. [PMID: 30765514 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1818677116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Six tetranuclear rectangular metallacycles were synthesized via the [2+2] coordination-driven self-assembly of imidazole-based ditopic donor 1,4-bis(imidazole-1-yl)benzene and 1,3-bis(imidazol-1-yl)benzene, with dinuclear half-sandwich p-cymene ruthenium(II) acceptors [Ru2(µ-η4-oxalato)(η6-p-cymene)2](SO3CF3)2, [Ru2(µ-η4-2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzoquinonato)(η6-p-cymene)2](SO3CF3)2 and [Ru2(µ-η4-5,8-dioxido-1,4-naphtoquinonato)(η6-p-cymene)2](SO3CF3)2, respectively. Likewise, three hexanuclear trigonal prismatic metallacages were prepared via the [2+3] self-assembly of tritopic donor of 1,3,5-tri(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene with these ruthenium(II) acceptors respectively. Self-selection of the single symmetrical and stable metallacycle and cage was observed although there is the possibility of forming different conformational isomeric products due to different binding modes of these imidazole-based donors. The self-assembled macrocycles and cage containing the 5,8-dioxido-1,4-naphtoquinonato (donq) spacer exhibited good anticancer activity on all tested cancer cell lines (HCT-116, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HeLa, A549, and HepG-2), and showed decreased cytotoxicities in HBE and THLE-2 normal cells. The effect of Ru and imidazole moiety of these assemblies on the anticancer activity was discussed. The study of binding ability of these donq-based Ru assemblies with ctDNA indicated that the complex 9 with 180° linear 1 ligand has the highest bonding constant K b to ctDNA.
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Sarkar B, Mondal A, Madaan Y, Roy N, Moorthy A, Kuo YC, Paira P. Luminescent anticancer ruthenium(ii)-p-cymene complexes of extended imidazophenanthroline ligands: synthesis, structure, reactivity, biomolecular interactions and live cell imaging. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:12257-12271. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00921c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The violence of cancer triggered us to design lipophilic, target specific, water soluble, cytoselective and fluorescent Ru(ii)-p-cymene imidazophenanthroline scaffolds as effective DNA targeting agents as well as life cell imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidisha Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT
- Vellore-632014
- India
| | - Ashaparna Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT
- Vellore-632014
- India
| | - Yukti Madaan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT
- Vellore-632014
- India
| | - Nilmadhab Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT
- Vellore-632014
- India
| | - Anbalagan Moorthy
- Department of Biotechnology
- School of Bioscience & Technology
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Vellore 632014
- India
| | - Yung-Chih Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Chung Cheng University
- Min-Hsiung
- Taiwan 62102
| | - Priyankar Paira
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Advanced Sciences
- VIT
- Vellore-632014
- India
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Ruthenium coordination compounds of biological and biomedical significance. DNA binding agents. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zeng L, Gupta P, Chen Y, Wang E, Ji L, Chao H, Chen ZS. The development of anticancer ruthenium(ii) complexes: from single molecule compounds to nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:5771-5804. [PMID: 28654103 PMCID: PMC5624840 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 710] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is rapidly becoming the top killer in the world. Most of the FDA approved anticancer drugs are organic molecules, while metallodrugs are very scarce. The advent of the first metal based therapeutic agent, cisplatin, launched a new era in the application of transition metal complexes for therapeutic design. Due to their unique and versatile biochemical properties, ruthenium-based compounds have emerged as promising anti-cancer agents that serve as alternatives to cisplatin and its derivertives. Ruthenium(iii) complexes have successfully been used in clinical research and their mechanisms of anticancer action have been reported in large volumes over the past few decades. Ruthenium(ii) complexes have also attracted significant attention as anticancer candidates; however, only a few of them have been reported comprehensively. In this review, we discuss the development of ruthenium(ii) complexes as anticancer candidates and biocatalysts, including arene ruthenium complexes, polypyridyl ruthenium complexes, and ruthenium nanomaterial complexes. This review focuses on the likely mechanisms of action of ruthenium(ii)-based anticancer drugs and the relationship between their chemical structures and biological properties. This review also highlights the catalytic activity and the photoinduced activation of ruthenium(ii) complexes, their targeted delivery, and their activity in nanomaterial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leli Zeng
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY 11439, USA.
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Gao EJ, Su JQ, Jin HT, Liu SJ, Zhao FC, Meng Y, Ma XY, Ge J, Sun YG, Zhang W, Zhu MC. pH Dependent synthesis of two isomeric dinuclear Cerium(II) complexes: Structures, DNA interactions, cytotoxic activity and apoptotic study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 170:173-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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The studies on the cytotoxicity in vitro, cellular uptake, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-inducing properties of ruthenium methylimidazole complex [Ru(MeIm)4(p-cpip)]2+. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 156:64-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Li GD, Chen LM, Wang XY, Wu LF, Jie XM, Chen JC. Electronic Structures, DNA-binding, SAR, and Spectral Properties of Ruthenium Methylimidazole Complexes [Ru(MeIm) 4L] 2+ (L=iip, tip, 2ntz). CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/27/02/159-167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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