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Mao M, Gong L, Wang X, Wang Q, Zhang G, Wang H, Xie W, Suo L, Wang C. Electrolyte design combining fluoro- with cyano-substitution solvents for anode-free Li metal batteries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316212121. [PMID: 38252842 PMCID: PMC10835072 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316212121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluoro-substitution solvents have achieved great success in electrolyte engineering for high-energy lithium metal batteries, which, however, is beset by low solvating power, thermal and chemical instability, and possible battery swelling. Instead, we herein introduce cyanogen as the electron-withdrawing group to enhance the oxidative stability of ether solvents, in which cyanogen and ether oxygen form the chelating structure with Li+ not notably undermining the solvating power. Cyano-group strongly bonds with transition metals (TMs) of NCM811 cathode to attenuate the catalytic reactivity of TMs toward bulk electrolytes. Besides, a stable and uniform cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) inhibits the violent oxidation decomposition of electrolytes and guarantees the structural integrity of the NCM811 cathode. Also, a N-containing and LiF-rich solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) in our electrolyte facilitates fast Li+ migration and dense Li deposition. Accordingly, our electrolyte enables a stable cycle of Li metal anode with Coulombic efficiency of 98.4% within 100 cycles. 81.8% capacity of 4.3 V NCM811 cathode remains after 200 cycles. Anode-free pouch cells with a capacity of 125 mAh maintain 76% capacity after 100 cycles, corresponding to an energy density of 397.5 Wh kg-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglei Mao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Lei Gong
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Qiyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing100190, China
| | - Guoqun Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Haoxiang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Wei Xie
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Liumin Suo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing100190, China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Wenzhou Advanced Manufacturing Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wenzhou325035, China
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2
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Xu Y, Li Z, Wu L, Dou H, Zhang X. Solvation Engineering via Fluorosurfactant Additive Toward Boosted Lithium-Ion Thermoelectrochemical Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:72. [PMID: 38175313 PMCID: PMC10766582 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-ion thermoelectrochemical cell (LTEC), featuring simultaneous energy conversion and storage, has emerged as promising candidate for low-grade heat harvesting. However, relatively poor thermosensitivity and heat-to-current behavior limit the application of LTECs using LiPF6 electrolyte. Introducing additives into bulk electrolyte is a reasonable strategy to solve such problem by modifying the solvation structure of electrolyte ions. In this work, we develop a dual-salt electrolyte with fluorosurfactant (FS) additive to achieve high thermopower and durability of LTECs during the conversion of low-grade heat into electricity. The addition of FS induces a unique Li+ solvation with the aggregated double anions through a crowded electrolyte environment, resulting in an enhanced mobility kinetics of Li+ as well as boosted thermoelectrochemical performances. By coupling optimized electrolyte with graphite electrode, a high thermopower of 13.8 mV K-1 and a normalized output power density of 3.99 mW m-2 K-2 as well as an outstanding output energy density of 607.96 J m-2 can be obtained. These results demonstrate that the optimization of electrolyte by regulating solvation structure will inject new vitality into the construction of thermoelectrochemical devices with attractive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, People's Republic of China
| | - Langyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Skavenborg ML, Møller MS, Mossin S, Waite TD, McKenzie CJ. Sulfonamido-Pincer Complexes of Cu(II) and the Electrocatalysis of O 2 Reduction. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:12741-12749. [PMID: 37535840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Heteroleptic copper complexes of an asymmetrical pincer ligand containing a central anionic sulfonamide donor (pyridine-2-yl-sulfonyl)(quinolin-8-yl)-amide (psq), which contains a central anionic sulfonamido donor have been prepared. Meridional κ3-N,N″,N‴ binding with the co-ligands acetate, chloride, or acetonitrile (MeCN), trans to the central sulfonamido N-donor, is revealed by the X-ray crystal structures of [Cu(OAc)(psq)(H2O)], [CuCl(psq)]2, and [Cu(psq)(MeCN)](PF6). Either overall distorted square pyramidal or octahedral geometries of the copper atom are satisfied by coordinated water in the case of the acetate complex or interactions with periphery sulfonamido oxygen atoms on adjacent molecules in the dimeric chloride and 1D polymeric acetonitrile complexes. The cyclic voltammogram (CV) of [Cu(OAc)(psq)(H2O)] shows a quasi-reversible CuII/CuI reduction at -0.930 V (vs Fc+/Fc0, MeCN), and an irreversible CuII/CuI reduction for [Cu(psq)(MeCN)](PF6) is seen at -0.838 V. This signal is split into two quasi-reversible redox processes on the addition of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE). This suggests that TFE pushes a solution equilibrium toward a dimeric acetate complex analogous to [CuCl(psq)]2, which shows two quasi-reversible waves at -0.666 V and -0.904 V vs Fc+/Fc0 consistent with its dimeric solid-state structure. A comparison of the CVs of [Cu(OAc)(psq)(H2O)] under either a N2 or an O2 atmosphere revealed that this complex catalyzes turnover electro-reduction of O2 to H2O2 and H2O. The rate of reaction increases on addition of a weak organic acid, and a coulombic efficiency of 48% for H2O2 was determined by iodometric titration. We propose that a CuI complex formed on electroreduction binds O2 to yield an intermediate superoxide complex. On electron and proton transfer to this species, a bifurcated route back to the O2-activating CuI complex is feasible with either release of H2O2 or O-O cleavage resulting in the liberation of H2O. The CuI complex is regenerated by subsequent reduction and protonation to close the cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias L Skavenborg
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mads Sondrup Møller
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Susanne Mossin
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 207, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - T David Waite
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christine J McKenzie
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
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4
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Golwankar RR, Curry TD, Paranjothi CJ, Blakemore JD. Molecular Influences on the Quantification of Lewis Acidity with Phosphine Oxide Probes. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 36943934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Gutmann-Beckett-type measurements with phosphine oxide probes can be used to estimate effective Lewis acidity with 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, but the influence of the molecular structure of a given probe on the quantification of Lewis acidity remains poorly documented in experimental work. Here, a quantitative comparison of triethyl (E), trioctyl (O), and triphenyl (P) phosphine oxides as molecular probes of Lewis acidity has been carried out via titration studies in MeCN with a test set of six mono- and divalent metal triflate salts. In comparison to E, the bulkier O displays a similar range of chemical shift values and binding affinities for the various test metal ions. Spectral linewidths and speciation properties vary for individual cation-to-probe ratios, however, confirming probe-specific properties that can impact the data quality. Importantly, P displays a consistently narrower dynamic range than both E and O, illustrating how electronic changes at phosphorus can influence the NMR response. Comparative parametrizations of the effective Lewis acidities of a broader range of metal ions, including the trivalent rare earth ions Y3+, Lu3+, and Sc3+ as well as the uranyl ion (UO22+), can be understood in light of these results, providing insight into the fundamental chemical processes underlying the useful approach of single-point measurements for quantification of effective Lewis acidity. Together with a study of counteranion effects reported here, these data clarify the diverse ensemble of factors that can influence the measurement of Lewis acid/base interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riddhi R Golwankar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1845 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - T Davis Curry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1845 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Cecilia J Paranjothi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1845 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - James D Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1845 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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5
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Dopilka A, Gu Y, Larson JM, Zorba V, Kostecki R. Nano-FTIR Spectroscopy of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer on a Thin-Film Silicon Li-Ion Anode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6755-6767. [PMID: 36696964 PMCID: PMC9923681 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Si anodes for Li-ion batteries are notorious for their large volume expansion during lithiation and the corresponding detrimental effects on cycle life. However, calendar life is the primary roadblock for widespread adoption. During calendar life aging, the main origin of impedance increase and capacity fade is attributed to the instability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). In this work, we use ex situ nano-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize the structure and composition of the SEI layer on amorphous Si thin films after an accelerated calendar aging protocol. The characterization of the SEI on non-washed and washed electrodes shows that brief washing in dimethyl carbonate results in large changes to the film chemistry and topography. Detailed examination of the non-washed electrodes during the first lithiation and after an accelerated calendar aging protocol reveals that PF6- and its decomposition products tend to accumulate in the SEI due to the preferential transport of PF6- ions through polyethylene oxide-like species in the organic part of the SEI layer. This work demonstrates the importance of evaluating the SEI layer in its intrinsic, undisturbed form and new strategies to improve the passivation of the SEI layer are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dopilka
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yueran Gu
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jonathan M. Larson
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Vassilia Zorba
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert Kostecki
- Energy
Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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6
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Kim W, Jang D, Kim H, Kim Y, Kim HJ. Real-time analysis of Ni-rich layered oxide-electrolyte reactivity by observing leakage currents. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Electrolyte recovery from spent Lithium-Ion batteries using a low temperature thermal treatment process. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Wang X, Wang S, Wang H, Tu W, Zhao Y, Li S, Liu Q, Wu J, Fu Y, Han C, Kang F, Li B. Hybrid Electrolyte with Dual-Anion-Aggregated Solvation Sheath for Stabilizing High-Voltage Lithium-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007945. [PMID: 34676906 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li)-metal batteries (LMBs) with high-voltage cathodes and limited Li-metal anodes are crucial to realizing high-energy storage. However, functional electrolytes that are compatible with both high-voltage cathodes and Li anodes are required for their developments. In this study, the use of a moderate-concentration LiPF6 and LiNO3 dual-salt electrolyte composed of ester and ether co-solvents (fluoroethylene carbonate/dimethoxyethane, FEC/DME), which forms a unique Li+ solvation with aggregated dual anions, that is, PF6 - and NO3 - , is proposed to stabilize high-voltage LMBs. Mechanistic studies reveal that such a solvation sheath improves the Li plating/stripping kinetics and induces the generation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer with gradient heterostructure and high Young's modulus on the anode, and a thin and robust cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) film. Therefore, this novel electrolyte enables colossal Li deposits with a high Coulombic efficiency (≈98.9%) for 450 cycles at 0.5 mA cm-2 . The as-assembled LiǁLiNi0.85 Co0.10 Al0.05 O2 full batteries deliver an excellent lifespan and capacity retention at 4.3 V with a rigid negative-to-positive capacity ratio. This electrolyte system with a dual-anion-aggregated solvation structure provides insights into the interfacial chemistries through solvation regulation for high-voltage LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshu Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shuwei Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huirong Wang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenqiang Tu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Song Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junru Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Cuiping Han
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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9
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Wang L, Zhang B, Wang B, Zeng S, Zhao M, Sun X, Zhai Y, Xu L. In‐situ Nano‐Crystallization and Solvation Modulation to Promote Highly Stable Anode Involving Alloy/De‐alloy for Potassium Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Suyuan Zeng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy, Storage & Novel Cell Technology Liaocheng University P. R. China
| | - Mingwen Zhao
- School of Physics Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Zhai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy, Storage & Novel Cell Technology Liaocheng University P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
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10
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Wang L, Zhang B, Wang B, Zeng S, Zhao M, Sun X, Zhai Y, Xu L. In‐situ Nano‐Crystallization and Solvation Modulation to Promote Highly Stable Anode Involving Alloy/De‐alloy for Potassium Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15381-15389. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Suyuan Zeng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy, Storage & Novel Cell Technology Liaocheng University P. R. China
| | - Mingwen Zhao
- School of Physics Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Zhai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Energy, Storage & Novel Cell Technology Liaocheng University P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
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11
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Cabo-Fernandez L, Neale AR, Braga F, Sazanovich IV, Kostecki R, Hardwick LJ. Kerr gated Raman spectroscopy of LiPF 6 salt and LiPF 6-based organic carbonate electrolyte for Li-ion batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:23833-23842. [PMID: 31538641 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02430a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent species are formed during cycling of lithium ion batteries as a result of electrolyte decomposition due to the instability of the non-aqueous electrolytes and side reactions that occur at the electrode surface. The increase in the background fluorescence due to the presence of these components makes it harder to analyse data due to the spectroscopic overlap of Raman scattering and fluorescence. Herein, Kerr gated Raman spectroscopy was shown to be an effective technique for the isolation of the scattering effect from the fluorescence enabling the collection of the Raman spectra of LiPF6 salt and LiPF6-based organic carbonate electrolyte, without the interference of the fluorescence component. Kerr gated Raman was able to identify POF3 on the LiPF6 particle surface, after the addition of trace water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cabo-Fernandez
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Peach Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZF, UK.
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12
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Morales D, Ruther RE, Nanda J, Greenbaum S. Ion transport and association study of glyme-based electrolytes with lithium and sodium salts. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Parker SF, Zhong L. Vibrational spectroscopy of metal methanesulfonates: M = Na, Cs, Cu, Ag, Cd. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171574. [PMID: 29765636 PMCID: PMC5936901 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have used a combination of vibrational spectroscopy (infrared, Raman and inelastic neutron scattering) and periodic density functional theory to investigate six metal methanesulfonate compounds that exhibit four different modes of complexation of the methanesulfonate ion: ionic, monodentate, bidentate and pentadentate. We found that the transition energies of the modes associated with the methyl group (C-H stretches and deformations, methyl rock and torsion) are essentially independent of the mode of coordination. The SO3 modes in the Raman spectra also show little variation. In the infrared spectra, there is a clear distinction between ionic (i.e. not coordinated) and coordinated forms of the methanesulfonate ion. This is manifested as a splitting of the asymmetric S-O stretch modes of the SO3 moiety. Unfortunately, no further differentiation between the various modes of coordination: unidentate, bidentate etc … is possible with the compounds examined. While it is likely that such a distinction could be made, this will require a much larger dataset of compounds for which both structural and spectroscopic data are available than that available here.
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14
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Lekgoathi M, Kock L. Thermal decomposition and vibrational spectroscopic aspects of pyridinium hexafluorophosphate (C 5 H 5 NHPF 6 ). J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Shi Y, Noelle DJ, Wang M, Le AV, Yoon H, Zhang M, Meng YS, Qiao Y. Role of Amines in Thermal-Runaway-Mitigating Lithium-Ion Battery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:30956-30963. [PMID: 27786445 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Benzylamine (BA), dibenzylamine (DBA), and trihexylamine (THA) are investigated as thermal-runaway retardants (TRR) for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In a LIB, TRR is packaged separately and released when internal shorting happens, so as to suppress exothermic reactions and slow down temperature increase. THA is identified as the most efficient TRR. Upon nail penetration, 4 wt % THA can reduce the peak temperature by nearly 50%. The working mechanisms of the three amines are different: THA is highly wettable to the separator and immiscible with the electrolyte, and therefore, it blocks lithium-ion (Li+) transport. BA and DBA decrease the ionic conductivity of electrolyte and increase the charge transfer resistance. All three amines react with charged electrodes; the reactions of DBA and THA do not have much influence on the overall heat generation, while the reaction of BA cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Daniel J Noelle
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0085, United States
| | - Anh V Le
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0085, United States
| | - Hyojung Yoon
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Minghao Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Ying Shirley Meng
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Yu Qiao
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093-0085, United States
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Lekgoathi MDS, Kock LD. Effect of short and long range order on crystal structure interpretation: Raman and powder X-ray diffraction of LiPF₆. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 153:651-654. [PMID: 26454092 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The structure of LiPF6 has been probed using Raman scattering as well as pXRD and the results are compared and contrasted. The conventional Bragg angle scattering pXRD determines that dry LiPF6 crystallizes in a trigonal structure (Space Group R-3 (148)), while Raman data suggests that the observed structure is close to cubic (Space Group Fm-3m (225)), similar to NaPF6 and KPF6. DFT heat capacity calculations using ab-initio methods for both R-3 and Fm-3m structures show better correlation with the Raman observations. The differences between Raman and pXRD data in LiPF6 appear to be in common with that observed in other materials that are close to phase transitions at the temperature where order/disorder and phase transition processes are known to occur. In these circumstances, Raman spectroscopy emerges as a more sensitive probe of local structural changes than pXRD, which is known to probe the overall average long range order of crystalline materials. The results are interpreted through the relationship between the local symmetry, internal energy and the heat capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D S Lekgoathi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Research and Development Division, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation SOC Limited, P.O. Box 582, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - L D Kock
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Research and Development Division, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation SOC Limited, P.O. Box 582, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Lekgoathi M, Vilakazi B, Wagener J, Le Roux J, Moolman D. Decomposition kinetics of anhydrous and moisture exposed LiPF6 salts by thermogravimetry. J Fluor Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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